Revisiting the Roles of the University in Regional Economic Development: A Triangulation of Data

There is a general understanding that university plays a crucial role in regional development under the current age of knowledge economy. At the same time, we have observed a fair number of counter‐evidentiary studies, demonstrating several regions that do not thrive despite strong research universities or other patterns of development in the absence of research universities. However, they are based on case studies of individual universities or regions, and the findings currently cannot be generalized. Another set of studies that have challenged the effect of universities at the nationwide scale and demonstrated its disproportionately small impact of universities, but their scope is limited to spin‐offs, patents, and license activities. In this article, we propose to investigate this subject more systematically by triangulating three methods: 1) national‐scale regression models with Business Dynamics Statistics and National Establishment Time Series data, 2) a regional survey of IT and life science firms in four so‐called “second tier regions,” and 3) a microeconomic firm‐level analysis based on interviews with founders of technology intensive firms. Furthermore, we test the roles of university beyond those explicit, direct measures of spin‐offs and patents by analyzing the firm formation rate and firm growth rate at the regional level, as well as the sources of growth at the company level. All results point in the same direction: The research function of the university has been overstated, and the teaching function of the university has been underappreciated. These findings provide profound implications for the policy of regional development.     

Adjustment of Inside Structure of Great Enterprises and Its Development

In this paper the principal factors influencing the development of great enterprises have been analyzed in depth from the point of operating mechanism within the enterprise, then the channels promoting the development of great enterprises have been proposed.     

人口结构与区域经济社会发展的耦合分析——以黑龙江省为例

为了更好的协调人口结构变动与区域经济社会的发展,运用灰色关联分析和层次分析相结合的方法对黑龙江省人口结构和区域经济社会发展的耦合性进行了定量分析,最终得出区域经济社会发展体系内的不同指标与人口结构间的加权关联度。结果表明:黑龙江省社会发展指标与人口结构的关联度普遍较高,经济发展指标与人口结构的关联度相对较低,黑龙江省经济发展模式亟待转型升级。     

The Great Recession and the Migration Redistribution of Blacks and Whites in the U.S. South

For much of the last century, the South was a net loser of blacks and whites to other regions. The end of this “Great Migration” occurred around 1970. Since then, the South is the only U.S. region to gain both blacks and whites through migration in every decade. As recessions often perturb migration systems by restraining rates of movement and altering patterns, this paper explores how the Great Recession of 2007–2009 and its aftermath affected the established migration gains of native‐born blacks and whites within the South. We use data from the 1990 and 2000 censuses and pooled data from American Community Survey to evaluate these changes. While the South continued to add both blacks and whites from migration during the recessionary years, key states bucked this trend. Georgia, for example, experienced a net migration gain of blacks but a net loss of whites. Florida added population in all time periods studied but lost large numbers of educated blacks and whites between 2008–2010. Texas, in contrast, added both blacks and whites from migration no matter their age or education throughout the recent recession. This economic downturn, then, has disturbed long‐term migration patterns in the South. A more nuanced set of interstate movements has emerged, differentiated by age and education within race groups, which we suspect will last for some time.     

食品类专业课程设置与区域经济社会发展吻合度探讨

食品类专业课程设置与区域经济社会发展相吻合,将专业课程培养目标与学生职业素养培养和就业需要相吻合;专业课程设置与食品生产加工企业的生产操作、检测、品控、质量管理等岗位职业素养相吻合;专业课程内容与食品生产加工企业的操作规程、检测标准、管理体系以及产品质量标准等岗位基本规范相吻合,对食品类专业课程及专业课内容进行设置,并在教学过程中始终融入食品工业中的职业素养全过程,经过近4年的教学探索取得较理想的效果。     

Regional Economic Diversity and Diversification

ABSTRACT Regional scientists have long attempted to develop meaningful definitions and measures of economic diversity and diversification, and to establish functional relationships between diversity, diversification, and economic performance. The multiplicity of definitions and measures explains, in part, the confusion about these relationships. A framework that sorts out the overlaps, contradictions, and gaps of the various definitions and measures IS needed. Such a framework would explicitly address the question, “What is the relationship between a region's changing economic structure and performance?” In this paper it is suggested that an input-output model that incorporates elements of portfolio theory be used as the integrating framework for analysis.     

食品类专业课程设置与区域经济社会发展吻合度探讨

食品类专业课程设置与区域经济社会发展相吻合,将专业课程培养目标与学生职业素养培养和就业需要相吻合;专业课程设置与食品生产加工企业的生产操作、检测、品控、质量管理等岗位职业素养相吻合;专业课程内容与食品生产加工企业的操作规程、检测标准、管理体系以及产品质量标准等岗位基本规范相吻合,对食品类专业课程及专业课内容进行设置,并在教学过程中始终融入食品工业中的职业素养全过程,经过近4年的教学探索取得较理想的效果.     

认清形势居安思危努力开创全院经济工作的新局面

1认清形势,牢牢把握经济发展这个命脉 经济是一个宽泛的概念.从我院的实际工作出发,广义的经济可以理解为科研、产业及其与之相关的设施、制度与文化;狭义的经济可以理解为资金、资产的流动及其效益.本文先从狭义的经济人手,分析我院面临的经济形势.     

State and Regional Economic Data Needs

A panel discussion on economic data needs at the state and regional levels, featuring both producer and consumer participants, seemed to the editors of Growth and Change to merit a wider audience than it achieved at the November 1971 convention of the Southern Economic Association. We therefore offer to our readers the following slightly abridged version of the seven presentations.     

入境旅游对中国区域经济发展的溢出效应分析

通过国外游客的旅游消费带动地区经济的增长是旅游刺激经济的一种溢出效应.以此为基础,通过构建国外游客入境旅游消费与地区经济增长关系的面板数据模型进行实证分析,结果发现:不同地区的外国游客入境旅游消费对经济增长具有不同的溢出效应,这种溢出效应能促进北京、河北、内蒙古、安徽、广东、四川、贵州和新疆等省市的经济发展,但却恶化了天津、上海、重庆、云南、陕西和甘肃等省市的经济发展.笔者最后提出了促进国外游客入境旅游消费对地区经济增长拉动作用的建议.     

播商物流背景下江西省农产品经济发展研究

阐明了播商物流的内涵,根据江西省农产品经济发展的现状,系统分析了农产品的科技环境、营销渠道、附加值及物流能力等阻碍农产品经济发展的因素。基于播商物流视角,以重视农产品物流为出发点,全面介入播商供应链,提出完善农产品播商物流运输配送体系、加快直播电商在农产品营销推广中的应用、加强农产品品牌建设、流通渠道创新、加强农产品播商物流人才的培养、加强相关政策扶持等发展策略,大力促进江西省农产品经济发展。     

Modelling Local and Regional Economic Development in Turkey: A “Curate's Egg”

This paper explores and unpacks the nature of the processes shaping regional economic growth in Turkey using an econometric modelling strategy. Existing empirical research in this field has focussed on regions in economically advanced and technologically innovative economies. As a consequence, the broader picture of the dynamics of regional development in less developed countries, particularly its social and political origins and the overall changes in regional inequality, has remained elusive and less clear. In this study, a set of econometric models is developed to explore the validity of a range of theoretical propositions in explaining the trajectories of regional economic change in Turkey between 2004 and 2008. Growth is calibrated in terms of employment and changing rates of unemployment in the chosen time period in the 81 provinces of Turkey. The results of the study explain that implications of the current local and regional economic development theories are a “Curate's Egg”—good in parts—because these theories are only partially relevant in the Turkish context.     

Regional Economic Convergence in Mexico: An Analysis by Industry

ABSTRACT Existing studies of convergence across jurisdictions of a nation have focused on developed economies. A key assumption underlying regional convergence is geographical factor mobility, and in a developed economy, mobility is facilitated by low transportation costs. By the same token, convergence in a less-developed economy may be impeded by the absence of a well-developed transportation infrastructure. We examine the rate and industrial composition of economic convergence in a neighboring less-developed country (LDC), Mexico, to examine how it might have differed from the U.S. experience. We find evidence of stronger convergence in Gross State Product per capita in Mexico relative to existing estimates of U.S. convergence. Further, while manufacturing activity has been found to be a primary source of convergence in the U.S., we find weaker evidence of convergence of manufacturing activity in Mexico. On the other hand, industries such as hotels and transportation were found to be significantly influential in regional convergence in the Mexican economy.     

Regional Economic Activity and Petroleum Industry Incentive Policies: Utah's Uintah Basin

ABSTRACT Proponents of petroleum industry subsidies often assert that such policies will have positive economic implications for rural communities. This paper examines the economic impacts of such a policy in Utah. Specifically, this paper quantifies the direct and indirect economic and fiscal impacts of a tax credit granted for oil and gas well workovers in Utah's Uintah Basin. The analysis is made possible by an input-output model constructed specifically for Utah's oil producing economy. The tax credit policy was found to generate a net fiscal loss for the state. However, it does generate employment in the Uintah Basin. The total per job cost to the state of generating an average of one job per year for 5 years through the tax credit policy is $24,056 (1991 dollars). However, if the public expenditure impacts are taken into account, then the cost per job could be as high as $48,423 (1991 dollars). Whether there are other ways to generate the same employment gains at a lower cost was lost in the political debate surrounding this petroleum industry tax credit.