云南省宜良县26年来耕地土壤养分状况及变化特征

2006年宜良县土壤养分调查结果表明:全县耕地土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量分别为32.41g kg-1、1.77 g kg-1、128.4 mg kg-1、35.5 mg kg-1、161.7 mg kg-1,与1980年相比较,水稻土有机质、速效磷、速效钾含量分别增加了1.61 g kg-1、13.0 mg kg-1、87.0 mg kg-1,旱地土分别增加了3.75 g kg-1、21.3 mg kg-1、162.8 mg kg-1。然而,汤池镇、耿家营乡和竹山乡的水稻土有机质含量,耿家营乡和狗街镇的旱地土有机质含量,南羊镇旱地土速效磷含量与1980年相比都发生了不同程度的减少。     

潜江市土壤养分空间分布及其水系对它的影响

结合地统计与GIS技术研究潜江市土壤养分的空间分布特征及其影响因素,结果表明:潜江市土壤养分呈西高东低的格局,按照全国第2次土壤普查的土壤养分分级标准评估,发现潜江市有机质低于20 g kg-1的土壤占21.4%,碱解氮低于90 mg kg-1的土壤占24.9%,有效磷低于10 mg kg-1土壤占18.5%,速效钾低于100 mg kg-1的土壤占0.3%。其余部分土壤处于中等丰富状况,其中速效钾大于100 mg kg-1的土壤占到99.7%,说明潜江市不缺速效钾。定量分析水系密集区和水系稀疏区土壤养分含量,发现水系密集区土壤养分平均含量高于水系稀疏区土壤养分平均含量,有机质高1.36 g kg-1、碱解氮高10.13 mg kg-1、有效磷高0.32 mg kg-1、速效钾6.62 mg kg-1。方差分析发现,水系密集区和水系稀疏区土壤养分含量存在显著差异,说明水系对土壤养分的空间分布具有重要影响,对解释水系密集区土壤养分沿水系成带状分布具有重要价值。     

环渤海湾地区主要梨园土壤养分状况及养分投入研究

对环渤海湾地区三省204个主要梨园养分投入和土壤养分含量状况进行了研究,结果表明:(1)该区域主要梨园土壤有机质平均含量为17.1 g kg-1,其中,辽宁省主要梨园土壤有机质平均含量为22.9 g kg-1,山东和河北省主要梨园土壤有机质平均含量<20 g kg-1,<10 g kg-1的梨园分别占13%和25%。该地区梨园土壤碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾平均含量为70.0 mg kg-1、63.1 mg kg-1和175.9 mg kg-1,速效磷含量普遍较高,存在不同程度积累现象。梨园土壤酸化现象明显,50%以上的梨园土壤pH<6.0,以辽宁省梨园土壤pH平均值最低。(2)土壤养分质量综合评价结果表明,环渤海湾地区的辽宁省梨园土壤养分水平最高,河北省最低。土壤有机质、碱解氮和pH值是该地区主要梨园土壤养分质量的限制因子。(3)山东省主要梨园氮、磷(P2O5)、钾(K2O)养分总投入量分别为968 kg hm-2、441 kg hm-2和523 kg hm-2,且以化肥养分投入为主。河北省养分投入状况与山东省相似。山东和辽宁省梨园化肥施用以三元复合肥为主,分别占94%和66%,河北省施用的尿素占化肥总量的77%。     

云南甘蔗主产区土壤有机质和速效养分分布研究

对2005年10月至2008年12月在云南甘蔗主产区的1450份土壤养分的分析研究,结果表明:云南甘蔗主产区土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷处在中等偏低水平,速效钾处在中等偏高水平;90%以上的有机质含量在4～40 g kg-1之间,碱解氮含量在15～160 mg kg-1,速效磷含量在0.5～29 mg kg-1,速效钾含量在30～210 mg kg-1。在集中分布区,土壤有机质、碱解氮呈近似正态分布,速效钾、速效磷呈近似偏正态分布。土壤有效养分的变异程度PKN。     

昆山市土壤养分现状与变化趋势研究

2009年对昆山市土壤养分进行检测,检测结果显示：有机质35.5 g·kg-1,全氮2.22 g·kg-1,碱解氮162 mg·kg-1,有效磷15.1 mg·kg-1,速效钾115 mg·kg-1,pH值6.0。与第二次土壤普查相比,有机质和全氮含量呈上升趋势,碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量明显提高,pH值呈下降趋势。     

东北黑土农田养分时空演变分析

通过东北黑土农田的广泛采样、化验分析,目前黑土农田有机质含量平均为33.9 g kg-1,全氮1.91 g kg-1,速效磷24.85 mg kg-1,速效钾159.95 mg kg-1。1979年~2002年期间黑土农田土壤有机质下降了3.76 g kg-1~4.14 g kg-1,平均每年下降0.16 g kg-1~0.18 g kg-1;而土壤速效磷含量大幅度上升,已是原来1979年的2倍以上,23年里土壤速效磷上升了12.66 mg kg-1~14.66 mg kg-1,平均每年上升0.55 mg kg-1~0.64 mg kg-1。认为土壤速效磷是过去的20多年里人为生产活动改变最大的肥力因子,其他土壤养分指标的空间分布有较明显的地带性,存在显著的空间变异,尤其是土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮与地理纬度高程度相关,受气候等自然因素影响较大。     

太行山山麓平原30年间土壤养分与供肥能力变化

采用大面积土壤养分定位监测和肥料定位试验相结合的方法,研究了太行山山麓平原17个县851个点在1978—2008年的土壤养分动态变化及1996—1999年、2010—2012年两时段土壤供肥能力的变化。研究结果:1978—2008年间,太行山山麓平原冬小麦-夏玉米轮作区土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷的含量分别增加了7.67 g kg-1、0.31 g kg-1、17.77 mg kg-1;其中,1993—2008年间的变化量分别占1978—2008年间变化量总量的70.8%、60.0%、75.5%。土壤速效钾含量在1978—1993年间降低了16.45 mg kg-1,而在1993—2008年期间增加了14.40 mg kg-1。同时,土壤有机质、有效磷和速效钾含量的空间变异正在逐渐增加,土壤全氮含量的变化在逐渐减小。目前土壤供氮、磷、钾能力在冬小麦茬口分别为89.3%、84.6%、96.6%,较1996—1999年期间分别增加37.9、0.7、2.1个百分点;土壤供氮、磷、钾能力在夏玉米茬口分别为72.8%、90.2%、86.1%,比1996—1999年期间土壤供氮、磷、钾分别增加18.0、7.1、-4.8个百分点。土壤氮磷钾输入量超过作物需求量从而导致土壤有机质、有效磷和速效钾等肥力指标逐渐升高,作物产量对肥料养分的响应日趋迟钝,肥料利用率逐渐降低。     

吉林省农田耕层土壤速效磷、钾养分的时空变化特征

分析2005～2013年间测土配方施肥土壤样品,明确吉林省农田耕层土壤速效磷、钾养分的空间分布特征,结合第二次土壤普查数据探讨不同地区和土类农田土壤速效磷、钾养分的时间变化趋势。目前,吉林省农田耕层土壤速效磷含量平均为25.4 mg·kg-1(1.6～84.2 mg·kg-1),速效钾含量平均为123.6 mg·kg-1(24～299 mg·kg-1),均属中等变异。空间分布上,吉林省农田土壤速效磷自东向西逐渐下降,白山地区的靖宇县最高而白城地区的大安市最低,速效钾自北向南逐渐下降,长春地区的农安县最高而通化地区的集安市最低。不同土类间速效磷、钾含量差异显著,前者以白浆土最高而黑钙土最低,后者以黑土最高而水稻土最低。30年间,吉林省农田耕层土壤速效磷含量在省域及地区尺度上均呈显著上升趋势,土壤速效钾含量在地区间增减趋势不同,省域尺度上总体略有下降。土类方面,除黑土和暗棕壤略有下降外,大多数土类速效磷含量均明显提高,速效钾含量以风沙土、黑钙土增幅较高而暗棕壤、草甸土显著下降。基于以上结果,吉林省区域作物养分管理策略与技术需进行相应调整以优化养分资源投入,建议适当下调磷肥用量或改进磷肥品种以减少土壤磷素累积,土壤钾素亏缺地区应合理补充钾肥并积极推广秸秆还田技术。     

辽西主产区葡萄的根区土壤养分研究

为了摸清辽西葡萄园根区土壤养分状况,2009年4月～5月,在辽西葡萄主产区选择34个代表性的葡萄园分3层采集0～60 cm根区土壤,测定了其养分含量。结果表明:辽西葡萄根区0～20 cm层土壤有机质、全氮、有效氮、速效磷和速效钾平均含量分别为:20.37 g kg-1、2.0 kg-1、162.7 mg kg-1、164.0 mg kg-1和393.6 mg kg-1;20～40 cm层分别为:14.75 g kg-1、1.6 g kg-1、121.1 mg kg-1、124.3 mg kg-1和293.5 mg kg-1;40～60 cm层分别为:14.34 g kg-1、1.4 g kg-1、96.8 mg kg-1、87.6 mg kg-1和205.4 mg kg-1。总体来看,辽西主产区葡萄园根区土壤有机质处于中等水平,全氮、有效氮、速效磷和速效钾含量处于高水平或过量水平,存在潜在的环境风险。同时,由于多年传统施肥习惯,导致养分在根区土壤表层大量累积,其中土壤有效氮含量三层之间均存在显著性差异;0～20 cm土层的有机质、全氮和速效钾含量与20～40 cm和40～60 cm土层之间存在显著性差异,但20～40 cm和40～60 cm土层之间不存在显著性差异;土壤有效磷含量0～20 cm土层与40～60 cm土层之间存在显著性差异,0～20 cm与20～40 cm土层和20～40 cm与40～60 cm土层之间不存在显著性差异。     

辽南葡萄主产区土壤养分特征研究

为了给辽南规模化葡萄园的养分管理和科学施肥提供依据,2016年在辽南葡萄主产区采集91个葡萄园土壤样品,分别测定土壤pH、有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量,对该葡萄主产区土壤养分状况进行研究。研究结果表明:辽南葡萄主产区土壤pH平均值为6.2;有机质平均含量为11.0 g kg?1,处于缺乏水平的样点占总样点的97.8%;土壤全氮、碱解氮平均含量分别为0.08 g kg?1和73.3 mg kg?1,处于缺乏水平的土壤样点分别占样本总数的85.8%和74.8%;土壤速效磷平均含量为70.4 mg kg?1,90.1%样点属于丰富水平,但变异系数较大;速效钾平均含量为158.0 mg kg?1,总体含量属于中等以上,处于中等以上和缺乏水平的样点占总样点的比例分别为68.2%和31.8%。不同地区、不同树龄和不同产量水平的葡萄园土壤养分状况存在较大差异;李官镇葡萄园养分状况好于许屯镇;随着种植年限的增加,葡萄园土壤pH、有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量均呈现显著升高趋势;不同产量葡萄园有机质、全氮、碱解氮和速效钾含量变化趋势为高产园 > 中产园 > 低产园。建议根据产量和树龄情况,分区域进行葡萄园养分管理,适当减少磷肥和钾肥、增加有机肥用量,以保证养分的高效利用。     

长期施肥和耕作管理对华北平原土壤肥力的影响

In the North China Plain, fertilizer management and tillage practices have been changing rapidly during the last three decades; however, the influences of long-term fertilizer applications and tillage systems on fertility of salt-affected soils have not been well understood under a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-maize (Zea mays L.) annual double cropping system. A field experiment was established in 1985 on a Cambosol at the Quzhou Experimental Station, China Agricultural University, to investigate the responses of soil fertility to fertilizer and tillage practices. The experiment was established as an orthogonal design with nine treatments of different tillage methods and/or fertilizer applications. In October 2001, composite soil samples were collected from the 0–20 and 20–40 cm layers and analyzed for soil fertility indices. The results showed that after 17 years of nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) fertilizer and straw applications, soil organic matter (SOM) in the top layer was increased significantly from 7.00 to 9.30–13.14 g kg-1 in the 0–20 cm layer and from 4.00 to 5.48–7.75 g kg-1 in the 20–40 cm layer. Soil total N (TN) was increased significantly from 0.37 and 0.22 to 0.79–1.11 and 0.61–0.73 g N kg-1 in the 0–20 and 20–40 cm layers, respectively, with N fertilizer application; however, there was no apparent effect of straw application on TN content. The amounts of soil total P (TP) and rapidly available P (RP) were increased significantly from 0.60 to 0.67–1.31 g kg-1 in the 0–20 cm layer and from 0.52 to 0.60–0.73 g kg-1 in the 20–40 cm layer with P fertilizer application, but were decreased with combined N and P fertilizer applications. The applications of N and P fertilizers significantly increased the crop yields, but decreased the rapidly available potassium (RK) in the soil. Straw return could only meet part of the crop potassium requirements. Our results also suggested that though some soil fertility parameters were maintained or enhanced under the long-term fertilizer and straw applications, careful soil quality monitoring was necessary as other nutrients could be depleted. Spreading straw on soil surface before tillage and leaving straw at soil surface without tillage were two advantageous practices to increase SOM accumulation in the surface layer. Plowing the soil broke aggregates and increased aeration of the soil, which led to enhanced organic matter mineralization.     

烟气脱硫副产物改良碱性土壤过程中化学指标变化规律的研究

通过土柱淋洗试验的方法,研究了脱硫副产物在改良碱性土壤过程中对碱性土壤化学指标(代换性钠、ESP、SAR、pH值)的影响。本研究采用两种碱性土壤(强度碱化土和碱土),两种土壤各分两个脱硫副产物施用水平(强度碱化土为3 g kg-1和3 6 g kg-1;碱土为7 g kg-1和8 4 g kg-1)。结果表明,经过施加烟气脱硫副产物和淋洗各种试验处理的代换性钠、ESP、SAR和pH值都有了明显的降低,碱性土壤得到了改良;同时,高烟气脱硫副产物施加水平的碱性土壤改良效果要优于低施加水平的碱性土壤;强度碱化土和碱土分别施加3 6 g kg-1、8 4 g kg-1烟气脱硫副产物后,在强度碱化土表层(0~40 cm)和碱土表层(0~20 cm)ESP<15、SAR<13和pH<8 5,已经降至中度碱化土水平,改良效果显著。     

陕西省农田土壤硫含量空间变异特征及亏缺评价

陕西省 13种耕地土壤 30 5个表层 (0～ 2 0cm)土壤样点分析结果表明 :该省土壤全硫和用0 0 1molL-1Ca(H2 PO4) 2 浸提的有效硫含量分别为 33～ 76 9mgkg-1(均值 36 0mgkg-1)和 4 6～ 15 7 3mgkg-1(均值 2 9 3mgkg-1) ,其中黑垆土 (普通干润均腐土 )、绵砂土 (灌淤湿润砂质新成土 )的有效硫平均含量最低。土壤全硫具有中等空间相关性 ,有效硫空间相关性较差。土壤全硫和有效硫分布具有渐变性 ,其最大相关距离分别为 5 31km和 34km。全硫以较大区域变异为主 ;有效硫以小区域变异为特征。陕西省耕地土壤有效硫含量低于硫亏缺临界值 (18 5mgkg-1)的占总面积的 13 9% ,相当于 5 3 7万hm2 农田缺硫。陕西省中部地区 ,尤其是延安西部地区土壤硫亏缺风险较大     

Are horticulture-based land uses benign for fertility and health of soils in mid to high hills of the north-western Himalayan region?

ABSTRACT

Soil fertility in many parts of the north?western Himalayan region (NWHR) has declined owing to accelerated nutrient mining under existing crop regime. Therefore, this study aimed to assess effect of the predominant horticulture?based land uses on soil fertility and health in mid and high hills of NWHR. Soil samples (0?20 cm) were collected, analyzed for different soil chemical attributes (pH, electrical conductivity, organic C, available primary-, secondary-, and micro-nutrients), and compared across five key land uses: perennial grass (PG), peach orchard (PO), apple orchard (AO), field vegetable farming (VF), and protected vegetable farming (PV). Soils of the investigated land uses were neutral to near neutral in soil reaction (6.3?6.8) except field vegetable and protected vegetable farming. Amount of soil organic C and labile organic C was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in soils of apple orchards (18.6 g kg^?1 and 687.3 mg kg^?1, respectively) and peach orchards (20.4 g kg^?1 and 731.3 mg kg^?1, respectively) over others. An abrupt and significant increase in Olsen-P was recorded in soils of field vegetable farming (17.1 mg kg^?1) and protected vegetable farming (13.0 mg kg^?1), which shifted their nutrient index (NI) of P in to high category (≥ 2.33). The concentration of mineralizable-N in soil was statistically at par in soils under perennial grass and fruit orchards, while protected vegetable farming showed maximum soil mineralizable-N content (115.5 mg kg^?1) and NI of nitrogen (1.83). The NI was in high category (≥ 2.33) for copper, iron, and manganese in majority of the land uses. In view of the results, temperate fruit?tree based land uses are benign in up?keeping soil fertility and soil health, and needs promotion on large scale. Additionally, policies to create incentives for the build-up of soil organic matter and replenishment of the depleted soil macro and micro nutrients in vegetable-farmed lands are warranted.     

红壤稻田土壤有机质的积累过程特征分析

通过田间采样分析 ,研究了不同利用年限红壤稻田土壤有机质含量的变化及其过程和机理 ,确定达到平衡状态时红壤稻田土壤的有机碳含量水平。结果表明 ,在水耕条件下 ,土壤有机碳和全氮的积累过程可大致分为快速增长和趋于稳定阶段 ,水耕利用 30年 ,0～ 2 0cm土壤有机碳含量达到 2 0gkg- 1,全氮含量 1 6gkg- 1,随后 ,即使利用年限长达 80年 ,土壤有机碳和全氮含量变化趋于稳定 ,没有显著提高。 2 0天的培养期内 ,不同利用年限红壤稻田 0～ 1 0cm土层有机碳和有机氮的矿化率分别为 2 2 %～3 3%和 2 8%～ 6 7% ;总体来说 ,有机碳、氮的矿化率随红壤水稻土的熟化过程而升高。随着利用年限的增加 ,微生物生物量碳一直保持增加的趋势 ,而微生物生物量氮在利用 30年后其增加趋势明显趋缓 ;利用30年的红壤稻田 ,0～ 1 0cm土壤微生物生物量C、N为 332 8mgkg- 1和 2 3 85mgkg- 1,比利用 3年分别高1 1 1 %和 4 7%。与利用 3年的红壤稻田相比 ,利用 30年后细菌数量增加了 1 1倍 ( 0～ 1 0cm)和 3 8倍 ( 1 0～2 0cm) ,利用 80年后更显著地增加了 1 9倍 ( 0～ 1 0cm)和 1 2倍 ( 1 0～ 2 0cm) ;真菌的数量也呈上升的趋势 ,但在 30年利用后基本趋于稳定 ;此外 ,细菌的群落从荒草地的 4个种到 30～ 80年水田     

红壤水稻土肥力性状的演变特征

大田条件下 ,通过选点采样分析 ,研究了不同利用年限红壤水稻土的物理、化学和生物学性质的动态变化特征。荒地红壤水耕利用后 ,土壤颗粒组成呈现规律性变化 ,粘粒 (<0 0 0 2mm)含量从荒地红壤的 3 9%下降到 80a稻田土壤的 1 7% ,而粉砂 (0 0 2～ 0 0 0 2mm)含量升高。土壤pH一般增加 0 5～ 1个单位 ;0～ 1 0cm土壤有机碳和全氮含量从荒地红壤的 4 5 8gkg- 1和 0 3 9gkg- 1增加到 3 0a红壤稻田的1 9 6gkg- 1和 1 62gkg- 1,其后 ,即使利用时间长达 80a ,土壤有机碳和全氮含量并没有显著差异 ;土壤全磷含量 ,经 3a水耕利用后可从荒地红壤的 0 5gkg- 1提高到 1 3gkg- 1,表明通过施肥可使红壤磷素快速积累 ;而在水耕利用过程中 ,红壤稻田土壤的钾素含量呈下降趋势 ,经 80a利用的红壤稻田 ,0～ 1 0cm土壤钾素含量仅为荒地红壤的 80 % ;全铁和游离铁的含量也呈下降趋势。随着水耕熟化过程 ,细菌数量和脲酶活性也明显升高。不同利用年限红壤稻田土壤的各项性状指标的变化结果还表明 ,荒地红壤水耕利用后要达到高度熟化的稻田土壤肥力水平 ,需要经过 3 0a的时间     

中国东南部某些水稻土的矿物学

Limited information is available concerning the mineralogy of paddy soils in the southeastern China. Using chemical methods in conjunction with X-ray diffractometry, we studied the mineral composition of three paddy soils: Jinghua (paddy soil on Quaternary red clay), Fuyang (Hapl-percogenic loamy paddy soil), and Shaoxing (gleyic clayey paddy soil). All the soils contained quartz, mica, vermiculite, chlorite and kaolinite, and the distribution of these minerals varied with soil particle size fractions. The clay fraction of the Fuyang and Shaoxing soils also contained smectite. Although X-ray data did not show the presence of smectite in the Jinghua soil, this mineral was identified by the chemical method, suggesting a transitional property of the mineral in the soil. Hydroxy-Al interlayered minerals were also present in the clay fraction. The amount of smectite in the soils was 31.6 (Shaoxing), 16.5 (Fuyang), and 21.4 (Jinghua) g kg^-1; for vermiculite it was 33.3 (Shaoxing), 16.5 (Fuyang), and 8.5 (Jinghua) g kg^-1. Smectite was only found in the clay fraction. In contrast, amounts of vermiculite in soil particle size fractions were 3.0~11.4 (sand), 2.1~6.0 (coarse silt), 4.6~18.9 (medium silt), 0.9~40.0 (fine silt), and 17.0~108 (clay) g kg^-1. The amount of noncrystalline aluminosilicates in the soils in g kg^-1 decreased in the order: Shaoxing (2.4) > Jinghua (1.9) > Fuyang (1.7). This study has provided useful mineralogical information that is fundamental in future development of management strategies of the soils.     

汞和镉对土壤脲酶活性影响

研究结果表明 ,汞、镉对土壤脲酶活性具有显著的抑制作用 ,抑制幅度和强度分别以汞镉和汞为最大 ;相关分析显示 ,脲酶活性可作为土壤Hg及Hg Cd污染程度的生化监测指标 ;当Hg、Cd含量分别达到 1 6 1 3～ 2 6 4 7mgkg- 1 和 477 78mgkg- 1 时 ,土壤已受到严重污染 ;在汞镉复合条件下 ,抑制仍以单独影响为主 ,且汞、镉间存在较弱的拮抗作用 ;温度和尿素浓度升高 ,可增强重金属对土壤脲酶活性的抑制作用。     

设施蔬菜土壤剖面氮磷钾积累及对地下水的影响

针对设施栽培中传统施肥灌溉带来的养分浪费和环境污染问题,采集河北省定州市设施蔬菜、农田土样及相应的地下水样品,分析了不同设施蔬菜种植年限土壤剖面中速效养分的累积规律及地下水受硝酸盐污染的程度。结果表明:0～200cm和0～400cm设施土壤的速效养分累积均高于对照农田。低龄棚硝态氮、速效磷、速效钾及水溶性磷含量分别为377.2mg·kg-1、448.8mg·kg-1、1405.6mg·kg-1、30.6mg·kg-1,分别是对照农田的4.7倍、4.6倍、1.4倍和11.5倍;老龄棚硝态氮、速效磷、速效钾及水溶性磷含量分别为629.1mg·kg-1、555.0mg·kg-1、2567.1mg·kg-1、35.2mg·kg-1,分别为对照农田的6.4倍、16.3倍、2.7倍和12.0倍。设施土壤速效养分深层累积比例随棚龄增加而增加。设施蔬菜栽培区表层地下水(地下饮用水,20m)受硝态氮污染严重,超标率和严重超标率为39.3%和7.1%;而深层地下水(农田和大棚灌溉水,40m)硝态氮含量7.4mg·L-1和9.6mg·L-1,超标率分别为25.0%和37.5%,无严重超标水样。     

Characteristics of phosphorus accumulation in soils under organic and conventional farming in plastic film houses in Korea

Organic farming (OF) is a fast growing alternative for sustainable agriculture in Korea. However, information on the effects of OF on the soil properties and environmental conservation is limited. In order to determine the effects of OF on the soil properties, 31 fields under OF (hereafter referred to as "OF fields") and 61 fields under conventional farming (CF) (hereafter referred to as "CF fields") in plastic film houses were selected throughout Korea and the soil chemical properties were investigated, including the P distribution characteristics. Average organic matter (OM) content was significantly higher (44 g kg^-1) in the OF fields then in the CF fields (24 g kg^-1). Bray-2 P values were 986 and 935 mg kg^-1 in the OF and CF soils, respectively, markedly exceeding the optimum range. Average total P (T-P) values were 2,973 mg kg^-1 in the OF fields and 1,830 mg kg^-1 in the CF fields. The high T-P values were due to repeated application of manure compost with a low N/P ratio. Inorganic P was the dominant fraction with 62–65% of T-P. The amounts of residual and organic P were significantly lower. The level of OF organic P was significantly higher (453 mg kg^-1) compared to the 106 mg kg^-1 value for the CF fields. Fractionation of soil inorganic P showed that Ca-P predominated with 1,332 mg kg^-1 in the OF fields, which was associated with soil pH values over 6.0. The main inorganic P fraction in the CF soils whose pH values were generally less than 6.0 consisted of Al-/Fe-P. The levels of water-soluble P was significantly higher (65 mg kg^-1) in the OF fields than in the CF fields (24 mg kg^-1). These results indicated that the OF system may lead to a serious degradation of the soil environment due to the accumulation of phosphorus and may be an important source of water pollution compared to the CF systems in Korea.