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1.
Effect of L-arginine Oral Supplementation on Response to Myocardial Infarction in Hypercholesterolemic and Hypertensive Rats 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Verónica Piñeiro Alicia Ortiz-Moreno Rosalva Mora-Escobedo María Dolores Hernández-Navarro Guillermo Ceballos-Reyes Germán Chamorro-Cevallos 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(1):31-37
The well known metabolic functions of L-arginine have been recently increased with the discovery of its role as the substrate
for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), which has emerged as an endogenous signaling molecule with potential therapeutic implications
for cardiovascular disease. Steady-state levels of NO are derived in part from dietary sources. It has been reported that
supplementation of L-arginine reduces atherosclerosis in rabbits and reduces the arterial pressure in hypertensive rats. Therefore,
we investigated the effect of L-arginine supplementation using a group of induced hypercholesterolemic rats and a group of
spontaneously hypertensive rats; the infarcted area in cardiac tissue of both groups was measured during the response to myocardial
infarction in the ischemia-reperfusion model. Hypercholesterolemic rats supplemented with 170 mg kg−1 of L-arginine showed a significant (P ≤ 0.05) reduction in total cholesterol (25.2%) and LDL (27.8%). Spontaneously hypertensive rats supplemented with L-arginine
presented a significant reduction (20.3%) in mean blood pressure (P ≤ 0.05). The index infarcted area / total heart area, in both: hypercholesterolemic and hypertensive rats supplemented with
L-arginine, showed a significant 36% and 29% of cardio protection (P ≤ 0.05) effect, respectively. Dietary supplementation with L-arginine may represent a potentially novel nutritional strategy
for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. 相似文献
2.
The objectives of this study were to: i) define the optimum concentration of triticale bran (TB) that can be incorporated
in yogurt, ii) evaluate the prebiotic effects of TB on microbial viability, pH and total titratable acidity (TTA) in yogurt
across 28 days of cold storage, and iii) measure the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) of water-extractable polysaccharides
(WEP) in TB. Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus were used as starter cultures. Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis were used as probiotics. A concentration of 4% TB in yogurt was determined to be the maximum amount that could be added without
causing synersis. By day 7, the number of bacteria greatly increased in yogurt samples containing TB and maintained higher
viable bacteria counts at the end of the cold storage period, in comparison to controls (P ≤ 0.05). Confirming this data was the lower pH levels and higher TTA values of TB yogurt samples exhibited throughout 28 days
(P ≤ 0.05). Polysaccharide extracts of TB exhibited strong antioxidant activity with an ORAC value of 33.86 ± 2.30 μmol trolox
equivalents (TE)/g of bran. Results of this study suggest that TB may serve as a new prebiotic and antioxidant source for
functional foods and nutraceutical applications. 相似文献
3.
Adriana Schultz Moreira Laura González-Torres Raul Olivero-David Sara Bastida Juana Benedi Francisco J. Sánchez-Muniz 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(3):290-298
The effects of diets including restructured meats (RM) containing Wakame or Nori on total liver glutathione status, and several
antioxidant enzyme gene expressions and activities were tested. Six groups of ten male growing Wistar rats each were fed a
mix of 85% AIN-93 M diet and 15% freeze-dried RM for 35 days. The control group (C) consumed control RM, the Wakame (W) and
the Nori (N) groups, RM with 5% Wakame and 5% Nori, respectively. Animals on added cholesterol diets (CC, CW, and CN) consumed
their corresponding basal diets added with cholesterol (2%) and cholic acid (0.4%). Alga and dietary cholesterol significantly
interact (P < 0.002) influencing all enzyme expressions but not activities. The cholesterol supplement decreased most enzyme expression
and activity. W-RM vs. C-RM increased (P < 0.05) expression of GPx, GR, Mn-SOD, and Cu,Zn-SOD and decreased that of catalase. N-RM vs. C-RM increased (P < 0.05) expression of catalase and Mn-SOD. GR activity increased in W-RM rats while SOD activity increased, but that of Se-GPx
decreased in N animals. W-RM increased total and reduced glutathione and decreased the redox index. CN diet induced significantly
lower plasma cholesterol levels (P < 0.001) than the CW diet. In conclusion, Nori-RM is a hypocholesterolemic food while Wakame-RM is an antioxidant food. This
should be taken into account when including this kind of RM as potential functional foods in human. 相似文献
4.
Mario Sanz-Penella J Laparra JM Sanz Y Haros M 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2012,67(1):50-56
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the bread supplemented with whole amaranth flour (0, 20 and
40%) on iron bioavailability using Caco-2 cells model. The phytate and lower myo-inositol phosphates content in in vitro bread digests were measured by high pressure liquid chromatography. The breads made with amaranth showed significant increase
of soluble phytates levels (up to 1.20 μmol/g in dry matter for the 40% of substitution) in comparison with controls, which have not detectable values. A negative
correlation among phytate and Fe availability was found when increased levels of amaranth. Ferritin concentration was found
2.7- and 2.0-fold higher (P < 0.05) in cultures exposed to 20% and 40% of amaranth formulated bread samples, respectively, compared to control bread.
The soluble phytate/Fe molar ratio explained the whole amaranth flour-mediated inhibitory effect associated to the limitation
of available Fe; however, the use up to 20% of amaranth in bread formulation appears as a promising strategy to improve the
nutritional value of bread, as indicated by the ferritin concentrations quantified in cell cultures. Higher proportion of
amaranth flour increased Fe concentration although there was not detected any increase in Fe uptake. 相似文献
5.
Jimenez M Guzman AP Azuara E Garcia O Mendoza MR Beristain CI 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2012,67(1):57-63
Porophyllum tagetoides is an annual warm-weather herb that has an intense typical smell. Its leaves are commonly used in soup preparation and traditional
medicine for treatment of inflammatory diseases. Its volatile compounds and antioxidant properties were evaluated in crude,
aqueous and ethanol leaf extract and an oil emulsion using different antioxidant assays in vitro, such as: DPPH radical scavenging activity, redox potential, polyphenol content, reducing power and optical density. A high
antioxidative activity was found when comparing leaves with stems. The crude extract from leaves showed a very high reducing
power (2.88 ± 0.20 O.D.) and DPPH radical-scavenging activity (54.63 ± 4.80%), in concordance with a major concentration of
vitamin C (23.97 ± 0.36 mg/100 g). Instead, the highest polyphenol content (264.54 ± 2.17 mg GAE/g of sample) and redox potential
(561.23 ± 0.15 mV) were found by the ethanol and aqueous extract, respectively. Aldehydes and terpenes such as nonanal, decanal,
trans-pineno, β-myrcene and D-limonene were the major volatiles found. This study suggests that Porophyllum tagetoides extracts could be used as antioxidants. 相似文献
6.
Vaughn N Rizzo A Doane D Beverly JL Gonzalez de Mejia E 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2008,63(1):41-46
Some studies suggest that increased consumption of soy protein hydrolysates may cause body weight loss but the mechanism of
action is unknown. The objective of this investigation was to determine whether intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion
of soy protein hydrolysates decrease food intake and body weight. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 24) received i.c.v. injections of soy hydrolysate I (SH I) or soy hydrolysate II (SH II) three times weekly for 2 weeks.
Krebs solution and leptin were used as negative and positive controls respectively. SH I (6.5–20 kDa with a strong band at
14 kDa) was produced by hydrolysis with alcalase, and SH II (∼2 kDa) was obtained by hydrolysis and ultrafiltration. Leptin
successfully reduced body weight (−1.60 g) 24 h (p = 0.0093) after the third injection. SH I caused significant (p = 0.0009) decreases in body weight (−1.70 g) 24 h after the third injection but not after 48 h. SH II showed a tendency to
prevent body weight gain but this effect was short of statistical significance (p < 0.40). Food intake was not affected by any of the soy hydrolysate treatments but leptin injection did cause significant
decreases in food intake (p < 0.05). Data suggest that soy alcalase hydrolysate can decrease, in the short term, the rate of body weight gain independently
of food consumption. This preliminary data show that soy peptides may play a role on body weight regulation, possibly by increasing
energy utilization. 相似文献
7.
Vasil Georgiev Georgiev Jost Weber Eva-Maria Kneschke Petko Nedyalkov Denev Thomas Bley Atanas Ivanov Pavlov 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(2):105-111
Betalains are water-soluble plant pigments that are widely used as food colorants, and have a wide range of desirable biological
activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer properties. They can be produced from
various plants, notably beetroot, but betalain products obtained in this way also have some undesirable properties and are
difficult to standardize. A potentially attractive alternative is to use hairy root cultures. In the study reported here,
we found that betalain extracts obtained from hairy root cultures of the red beetroot B. vulgaris cv. Detroit Dark Red also had higher antioxidant activity than extracts obtained from mature beetroots: six-fold higher 2,2-dyphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
radical scavenging ability (90.7% inhibition, EC50 = 0.11 mg, vs 14.2% inhibition, EC50 = 0.70 mg) and 3.28-fold higher oxygen radical absorbance capacity (4,100 μM TE/g dry extract, vs 1,250 μM TE/g dry extract).
The high antioxidant activity of the hairy root extracts was associated with increased concentrations (more than 20-fold)
of total phenolic concomitant compounds, which may have synergistic effects with betalains. The presence of 4-hydroxybenzoic
acid, caffeic acid, catechin hydrate, and epicatechin were detected in both types of extract, but at different concentrations.
Rutin was only present at high concentration (1.096 mg.g−1 dry extract) in betalain extracts from the hairy root cultures, whereas chlorogenic acid was only detected at measurable
concentrations in extracts from intact plants. 相似文献
8.
A simple and rapid method for the determination of naturally occurring, potentially hazardous glycoalkaloids (GAs) in potatoes
and their products has been developed. The procedure is based on the on-line solid-phase extraction of the acetic acid extracts
from potato products and combined with liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS) in a fully automated system (Symbiosis™,
Spark Holland Instruments, Emmen, The Netherlands). As sorbent material HySphere™ 18HD was used for alkaloid enrichment. GAs
were eluted with the LC gradient and directly analysed by MS. Detection of the analytes was achieved in the sensitive multiple
reaction monitoring mode using two characteristic ions (m/z 98 as a qualifier for GAs and m/z 868.3 as a quantifier for α-solanine or m/z 852.4 for α-chaconine). Typical validation data for method precision (v
k α-solanine = 5.3–6.5, v
k α-chaconine = 3.4–15.4), accuracy (average recovery of α-solanine = 84%, average recovery of α-chaconine = 87%) and linearity
over the range from 1 to 1,000 ng ml−1 (R
2 = 0.9915 for α-solanine, R
2 = 0.9939 for α-chaconine) with detection limits of 0.3 ng ml−1 for α-chaconine and 0.5 ng ml−1 for α-solanine were obtained. GA contents of commercial potato products were determined by the new on-line method and afterwards
compared with those obtained with an established high-performance LC routine procedure. Better performance of the on-line
procedure was obvious from the standard deviations of both methods. Other advantages included a strong reduction of overall
analysis time, human intervention and solvent consumption as well as waste production. The time required for the on-line analysis
was 5 min, which would allow processing of almost 100 samples in 8 h. 相似文献
9.
Carvajal-Zarrabal O Waliszewski SM Barradas-Dermitz DM Orta-Flores Z Hayward-Jones PM Nolasco-Hipólito C Angulo-Guerrero O Sánchez-Ricaño R Infanzón RM Trujillo PR 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2005,60(4):153-159
The scientific basis for the statement that plants and their active constituents play an important role in the prevention
of chronic and degenerative diseases is continously advancing. The object of the present study was to evaluate the effect
of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. dried calyx ethanolic extract on the serum lipid profile of Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were fed during 4 weeks with
either a basal diet, containing high cholesterol (1%), cholic acid (0.25%), lard oil (10%), or a supplemental diet with H. sabdariffa extract at 5%, 10%, and 15% levels (SD5, SD10, SD15). Weight gain and faeces dry weight were both very significantly less (p ≤ 0.01) in SD10 and SD15 groups as compared to the control group, as was food efficiency in SD15. In the case of SD10, food efficiency was only significantly lower (p ≤ 0.05). Faeces dry weight in SD5 however, was the only one found to be significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05). Triacylglycerols and LDL levels were both significantly less (p ≤ 0.05) in all groups (SD5, SD10, and SD15) as compared to the control. For total lipids, SD10 and SD15 showed significantly lower levels (p ≤ 0.05), whereas very significant differences (p ≤ 0.01) were observed in the case of SD5. All groups had lower cholesterol levels compared to controls; however, only the SD5 group was statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05). No significant results were found in any group in the cases of either phospholipid or HDL levels. A hypothesis of
hibiscus acid racemization, (+)-HCA to (−)-HCA, mediated by intestinal flora enzymes possibly explains the significant triacylglycerol
decrease in all experimental groups. VLDL, the precursor of LDL, is composed predominantly of triacylglycerols, suggesting
that the significant decrease in LDL is related to observed triacylglycerol synthesis inhibition. Five percent H. sabdariffa extract addition showed the best results in the reduction of serum lipids under study conditions. 相似文献
10.
Nevcihan Gursoy Bektas Tepe 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2009,64(2):135-140
This study was designed to examine the in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and the amount of total phenolics of the methanol extracts of Ballota rotundifolia L. and Teucrium chamaedrys C. Koch. In the case of antimicrobial activity tests, polar sub-fractions of the methanol extracts of plant species exhibited
weakest antimicrobial activity when compared with the non-polar ones. While, non-polar sub-fraction of B. rotundifolia showed moderate activity against A. lwoffii, C. perfringens and the yeasts, T. chamaedrys performed excellent activity pattern against all of the tested microorganisms. The sub-fractions were also screened for their
possible antioxidant activities by two complementary tests, namely DPPH free radical-scavenging and β-carotene/linoleic acid assays. Non-polar extracts of the plant species remained inactive in both test systems. On the other
hand polar extracts showed remarkable antioxidant activities. In DPPH system, free radical scavenging effect of T. chamaedrys was measured as 18.00 ± 1.42 μg.mg−1. It is extremely important to point out that, polar sub-fraction of T. chamaedrys is found as effective as the positive control BHT. Non-polar sub-fraction of T. chamaedrys found to have the highest total phenolic amount (97.12 ± 1.28 μg/mg). Results obtained from this experiment confirm the relationship
between the amount of phenolics and biological activities. 相似文献
11.
Jarinyaporn Naowaboot Patchareewan Pannangpetch Veerapol Kukongviriyapan Bunkerd Kongyingyoes Upa kukongviriyapan 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2009,64(2):116-121
In Thailand, beverages containing mulberry leaf (Morus alba L.) are believed to promote good health, especially in people with diabetes. We examined the effects of long-term administration
of an ethanolic extract of mulberry leaf (MA) on blood glucose, oxidative damage, and glycation in streptozotocin-induced
diabetic rats. Daily administration of 1 g/kg MA for six weeks decreased blood glucose by 22%, which was comparable to the
effect of 4 U/kg insulin. Lipid peroxidation, measured as malondialdehyde and lipid hydroperoxide concentrations (3.50 ± 0.33
and 3.76 ± 0.18 μM, respectively) decreased significantly (P < 0.05) compared to nontreated control diabetic rats (8.19 ± 0.45 and 7.50 ± 0.46 μM, respectively). Hemoglobin A1C, a biomarker for chronic exposure to high concentration of glucose, was also significantly decreased in the MA-treated group
(6.78 ± 0.30%) in comparison to untreated group (9.02 ± 0.30%). The IC50 of in vitro antiglycation and free radical scavenging activities of MA were 16.4 ± 5.6 μg/ml and 61.7 ± 2.1 μg/ml, respectively. These
findings support that long-term administration of MA has antihyperglycemic, antioxidant and antiglycation effects in chronic
diabetic rats, which may be beneficial as food supplement for diabetics. 相似文献
12.
Rudy Darmawan Neal A. Bringe Elvira Gonzalez de Mejia 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(3):233-240
Soy protein hydrolysates are considered a potential dietary source of natural antioxidants with important biological activities.
This study was conducted to compare the effect of two conventional and seven low glycinin soybean cultivars on the antioxidant
capacity (AC) of soy hydrolysates. Nine cultivars were grown in Bloomington, IL, Findlay, OH and Huxley, IA. The hydrolysates
were produced enzymatically using alcalase and analyzed for AC using oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay and soluble
protein. Statistical differences were observed in the protein profiles and AC among the different cultivars tested (P < 0.05). The hydrolysate from low glycinin cultivar 3 enriched in β-conglycinin, grown in Bloomington, exhibited the highest
AC, compared to the other cultivars across all locations. On average, soy cultivars rich in BC and purified BC hydrolysates
(36.2 and 31.8 μM Trolox equivalents (TE)/μg soluble protein, respectively) (P > 0.05) had higher AC than purified glycinin (GL) hydrolysate (28.5 μM TE/μg soluble protein) (P < 0.05). It was possible to select a soybean cultivar that produced a higher antioxidant capacity upon alcalase hydrolysis. 相似文献
13.
Korekar G Stobdan T Arora R Yadav A Singh SB 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2011,66(4):376-383
Fourteen apricot genotypes grown under similar cultural practices in Trans-Himalayan Ladakh region were studied to find out
the influence of genotype on antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content (TPC) of apricot kernel. The kernels were found
to be rich in TPC ranging from 92.2 to 162.1 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g. The free radical-scavenging activity in terms
of inhibitory concentration (IC50) ranged from 43.8 to 123.4 mg/ml and ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) from 154.1 to 243.6 FeSO4.7H2O μg/ml. A variation of 1–1.7 fold in total phenolic content, 1–2.8 fold in IC50 by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and 1–1.6 fold in ferric reducing antioxidant potential among the examined
kernels underlines the important role played by genetic background for determining the phenolic content and antioxidant potential
of apricot kernel. A positive significant correlation between TPC and FRAP (r = 0.671) was found. No significant correlation was found between TPC and IC50; FRAP and IC50; TPC and physical properties of kernel. Principal component analysis demonstrated that genotypic effect is more pronounced
towards TPC and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) content in apricot kernel while the contribution of seed and kernel physical
properties are not highly significant. 相似文献
14.
Ajibola CF Eleyinmi AF Aluko RE 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2011,66(4):320-327
The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro modulation of the renin-angiotensin system by polyphenolic extracts and fractions of two green leafy vegetables, Vernonia amygdalina (VA) and Gongronema latifolium (GL), that are used for food and medicinal purposes. An 80% acetone extract of each leaf was fractionated on silicic acid-packed
column to give two main fractions: acetone eluate (flow-through) and ethanol eluate (column-bound), that consist mostly of
chlorophyllic and non-chlorophyllic fractions, respectively. Column fractionation resulted in polyphenolic fractions that
displayed higher potency against angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and renin than the crude acetone extracts; generally,
the chlorophyllic fraction was more active than the non-chlorophyllic fraction. ACE-inhibitory activity was significantly
higher (p < 0.05) for the chlorophyllic fraction of VA than GL, with IC50 values of 0.207 and 0.413 mg/ml, respectively. Similarly, the chlorophyllic fraction of VA had significantly higher (p < 0.05) renin inhibition than GL, with IC50 values of 0.172 and 0.513 mg/ml, respectively. Kinetics studies showed that the chlorophyllic fractions of VA and GL exhibited
mostly mixed-type ACE and renin inhibitions. We concluded that the hydrophobic nature of the chlorophyllic fraction may have
contributed to the increased interaction with enzyme protein and inhibition of activities of ACE and renin. 相似文献
15.
Yong-Seo Park Mi-Kyung Lee Buk-Gu Heo Kyung-Sik Ham Seong-Gook Kang Ja-Yong Cho Shela Gorinstein 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(2):186-191
This study was conducted in order to compare the nutrient and chemical contents of two Korean teas: traditional Chungtaejeon
tea (CTJ) with that of green tea (GT). Main bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activities using four radical scavenging
assays (ABTS, CUPRAC, FRAP and DPPH) in methanol and acetone extracts of both teas were determined. It was found that the
contents of vitamin C, amino acids and total nitrogen in CTJ were lower than that of GT (p < 0.05). Caffeine, reducing sugar and chlorophyll contents in CTJ were similar to GT. Catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), and
epigallocatechin (EGC) contents were lower in CTJ than in green tea (p < 0.05), but gallocatechin (GC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and catechin gallate (CG) showed
no significant differences between CTJ and GT (p ≥ 0.05). The contents of polyphenols, flavonoids, flavanols and tannins in
CTJ methanol were 229.30 ± 11.3 mg GAE/g dry weight (DW), 15.24 ± 0.8 mg CE/g DW, 109.10 ± 5.1 mg CE/g DW and 25.68 ± 1.2
mg CE/g DW, respectively, and significantly higher than in acetone extracts (p < 0.05). Flavonoids (quercetin and kaempferol) were higher in GT than in CTJ and myricetin was higher in CTJ (p < 0.05). Threonine and aspartic acid was lower, and glutamic acid was higher in CTJ compared with GT (p < 0.05). Free amino acid content in CTJ and GT showed no significant difference. Potassium and magnesium in CTJ were lower
compared to GT, but no significant difference was found for iron, manganese and calcium. Also, the level of the antioxidant
activity by all four used assays was significantly higher in CTJ and in methanol was higher than in acetone extracts (p < 0.05). In conclusion, traditional fermented Korean tea Chungtaejeon contains high quantities of bioactive compounds and
possesses high antioxidant activity. The contents of the bioactive compounds and the levels of antioxidant activities are
significantly higher in methanol than in acetone extracts. 3-D fluorescence and FTIR- spectroscopy showed slight differences
between the two investigated tea samples and can be used as additional tools for identification of polyphenols. Both studied
teas can be recommended as a source of bioactive compounds. 相似文献
16.
Rajangam Udayakumar Sampath Kasthurirengan Ayyappan Vasudevan Thankaraj Salammal Mariashibu Jesudass Joseph Sahaya Rayan Chang Won Choi Andy Ganapathi Sei Chang Kim 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(2):91-98
The phenolic compounds and flavonoids were determined from the extracts of Withania somnifera root (WSREt) and leaf (WSLEt). The WSREt has 28.26 mg/g total phenolic compounds and 17.32 mg/g flavonoids, whereas WSLEt
has 5.4 mg/g total phenolic compounds and 5.1 mg/g flavonoids. The WSREt, WSLEt and glibenclamide were orally administered
daily to diabetic rats for 8 weeks. After the treatment, the levels of urine sugar, blood glucose, liver glycogen, and antioxidants
like vitamin C and E in plasma and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS),
glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in liver, kidney and heart were
determined. Diabetic rats showed a significant (p < 0.05) elevation in glucose and TBARS and a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in glycogen, vitamin C and E, SOD, CAT, GPx, GST, and GSH levels when compared to normal control rats. Administration
of WSREt, WSLEt and glibenclamide to diabetic rats restored the levels to normal. In the light of aforesaid facts, it is suggested
that the presence of phenolic compounds including flavonoids in W. somnifera root and leaf extracts and their antioxidant activity may play a vital role in reduction of blood glucose level in alloxan-induced
diabetic rats. 相似文献
17.
Ban X Huang B He J Chen Y Zeng H Han L Wang Y 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2011,66(2):175-180
The inflorescence of cultivated Coptis chinensis has been valued for tea production for many years in China. The antioxidant activities of C. chinensis inflorescence extracts prepared by various solvents were investigated by using several established in vitro systems: 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide
radical scavenging assays, reducing power assay, and ferrothiocyanate (FTC) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assays. The results
showed that the 70% ethanol extract (EE) had the strongest antioxidant activity in vitro among the various extracts. Based on the in vitro results, EE was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of C. chinensis inflorescence in vivo. The liver and kidney of intoxicated animals showed a significant decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT)
and glutathione (GSH) levels, while the malondialdehyde (MDA) level showed a significant increase. These changes were significantly
reversed after treatment with EE and the standard vitamin E. Thus, the C. chinensis inflorescence may be a valuable natural source that can be applicable to food industries. 相似文献
18.
Juan Fernando Pío-León Gabriela López-Angulo Octavio Paredes-López Magdalena de Jesús Uribe-Beltrán Sylvia Páz Díaz-Camacho Francisco Delgado-Vargas 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2009,64(3):181-187
Bromelia pinguin L. is a plant native to Sinaloa, Mexico, where its fruit is used as food or as a phytotherapeutic agent. The fruits of B. pinguin were characterized and they could be considered as a functional food. These fruits show an average weight of 13.7 g and a
yellow color of high luminosity (b* = 43.2, L* = 74.5). The values for acidity (4.6%, as citric acid) and pH (3.7) of B. pinguin fruit are similar to those of citrics. The edible portion is characterized by a high content of vitamin C (126 mg/100 g),
ash (10.6 g/100 g d.w.), crude fiber (3.4 g/100 g d.w.), calcium (1290 mg/100 g d.w.), magnesium (500 mg/100 g d.w.), manganese
(2.95 mg/100 g d.w.) and it is a good source of zinc (2.8 mg/100 g d.w.). Polar fractions extracted from the pulp fruit showed
activity against several genera of human pathogenic-bacteria (Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia and Pseudomonas). 相似文献
19.
Julio Beltrame Daleprane Tatiana Silveira Feijó Gilson Teles Boaventura 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2009,64(1):1-5
The aim of this study was to evaluate the protein quality of organic and genetically modified soy by feeding specific diets
to rats. Three groups of Wistar rats (n = 10) were used, and each group was named according to the food that they ate. There was an organic soy group (OG), a genetically
modified soy group (GG), and a control group (CG). All animals received water and diet ad libitum for 455 days. At the end of this period, the weight of the GG group was the same as that of the OG, and both were higher
than CG. Protein intake was similar for the OG and GG, which were significantly lower (p < 0.0005) than the CG. The growth rate (GR) of the rats, albumin levels, and total levels of serum protein were comparable
for all groups. Hematocrit (p < 0.04) and hemoglobin (p < 0.03) for the OG and GG were less than the CG. Although the OG and GG demonstrated reduced hematocrit and hemoglobin, both
types of soy were utilized in a way similar to casein. This result suggests that the protein quality of soy is parallel to
the standard protein casein in terms of growth promotion but not hematological indicators. 相似文献
20.
Alison Gegios Rachel Amthor Busie Maziya-Dixon Chedozie Egesi Sally Mallowa Rhoda Nungo Simon Gichuki Ada Mbanaso Mark J. Manary 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(1):64-70
Cassava contains little zinc, iron, and β-carotene, yet it is the primary staple crop of over 250 million Africans. This study
used a 24-hour dietary recall to test the hypothesis that among healthy children aged 2–5 years in Nigeria and Kenya, cassava’s
contribution to the childrens’ daily diets is inversely related to intakes of zinc, iron, and vitamin A. Dietary and demographic
data and anthropometric measurements were collected from 449 Kenyan and 793 Nigerian children. Among Kenyan children 89% derived
at least 25% of their dietary energy from cassava, while among the Nigerian children 31% derived at least 25% of energy from
cassava. Spearman’s correlation coefficient between the fraction of dietary energy obtained from cassava and vitamin A intake
was r = −0.15, P < 0.0001, zinc intake was r = −0.11, P < 0.0001 and iron intake was r = −0.36, P < 0.0001. In Kenya, 59% of children consumed adequate vitamin A, 22% iron, and 31% zinc. In Nigeria, 17% of children had
adequate intake of vitamin A, 57% iron, and 41% zinc. Consumption of cassava is a risk factor for inadequate vitamin A, zinc
and/or iron intake. 相似文献