施镁对黄化温州蜜柑叶片光合作用的影响

<正>据《中国南方果树》2015年第1期《施镁对黄化温州蜜柑叶片光合作用的影响》(作者吴韶辉等)报道,于2012—2013年在浙江省台州市涌泉镇温州蜜柑果园,前期调查表明,黄化桔园土壤镁含量为4.8 mg/kg,黄化老叶和新叶镁含量分别为0.04%、0.22%,正常老叶和新叶镁含量分别为0.48%、0.49%,桔园土壤和叶片都表现出缺镁症状;黄化土壤p H值4.3,属于强酸性土壤。     

施镁有利于黄化温州蜜柑叶片恢复光合作用机能

据《中国南方果树》2014年第11期《施镁对黄化温州蜜柑叶片光合作用的影响》（作者吴韶辉等）报道,于2012-2013年在浙江省台州市涌泉镇温州蜜柑果园,前期调查结果表明,黄化桔园土壤镁含量为4．8mg／kg,黄化老叶和新叶镁含量分别为0．04％、0．22％,正常老叶和新叶镁含量分别为0．48％、0．49％,桔园土壤和叶片都表现出缺镁症状;黄化土壤pH值4．3,属于强酸性土壤。     

高温对温州蜜柑叶片光合作用的影响

通过测定高温条件下温州蜜柑叶片的光合作用参数,研究高温对叶片光合作用相关参数的影响。结果表明：高温胁迫（38℃）显著影响了温州蜜柑叶片光合作用,主要表现为光合作用及气体交换参数的变化。如最大净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Gs）、表观量子效率（AQY）、蒸腾速率（Tr）降低,细胞间隙CO2浓度（Ci）上升,高温对温州蜜柑叶片光合作用的影响还表现出主要由气孔限制和非气孔限制共同作用的“光合午休”现象。     

施铁对塔罗科血橙叶片叶绿素及其荧光和养分吸收的影响

以缺铁黄化塔罗科血橙树为研究对象,设置了叶面喷施新型铁肥（200?、300?、450?稀释液）、土施EDDHA-Fe（60g/株）和不施铁为对照（CK）等5个处理,研究施铁对塔罗科血橙叶片叶绿素含量、叶绿素荧光和叶片养分吸收的影响。结果表明,喷施新型叶面铁肥叶片叶绿素含量较CK显著增加。喷施新型铁肥200?处理的叶片活性铁与全铁含量均显著高于CK和EDDHA-Fe;喷施新型叶面铁肥叶片PSⅡ反应中心的有活性数量（RC/CSo）增加了15.10%~31.33%和受体侧PQ库的大小（Sm）显著提高了35.46%~53.58%。喷施铁肥200?处理的Fv/Fm和Fm/Fo分别较CK提高了5.32%和18.95%,其PIabs和PItotal也显著高于CK处理。因此,喷施新型铁肥200?稀释液对矫治石灰性紫色土塔罗科血橙叶片缺铁黄化具有较好的效果。     

新型叶面铁肥对李树叶片营养及光合效率的影响

为了研究新型叶面铁肥对植物缺铁黄化的矫正效果,以10年生歪嘴李为试验材料,测定施铁处理对李叶片的叶绿素、营养状况、光合速率以及光能利用效率的影响。结果表明：新型叶面铁肥处理后,叶片叶绿素、铁含量显著提高,随着喷施次数增加,叶绿素呈递增趋势;喷施新型叶面铁肥后显著提高了叶片PSⅡ原初捕获激发能的效率（Fm/Fo）和光能转化效率（Fv/Fm）,光合速率得到显著提升。综合比较,新型叶面铁肥比EDDHA-Fe的复绿效果好,且新型叶面铁肥400倍处理在第1年获得最佳效果。     

叶面补硒能提高柑桔叶片和果实的硒含量

正据《浙江农业科学》2021年第4期《叶面补硒对柑桔硒含量的影响》(作者温明霞等)报道,以温州蜜柑为研究对象,从柑桔幼果期开始,每隔10天叶面喷施不同浓度的亚硒酸钠(20、40、80、100、200 mg/kg),年生长周期内喷施3次,研究叶面喷硒对柑桔叶片和果实硒含量、     

南方早熟砂梨缺镁黄叶症诊断与矫治

通过对福建省德化县早熟砂梨“黄叶病株”及“正常植株”叶片及土壤的营养诊断分析：黄叶病株叶片平均含镁量0.131%,极显著低于正常植株0.328%;黄叶症较重的果园土壤交换态镁含量低12.6～24.5㎎/㎏及土壤酸性强pH3.6～4.5,诊断结论砂梨叶片黄化现象为镁素缺乏所致。矫治试验效果,叶面喷施1%硝酸镁3次,可以叶色转绿;12月份土壤基施钙镁磷肥株1.3 kg,翌年5月份后有明显矫治效果。     

缺镁诱导的纽荷尔脐橙叶脉肿裂初报

以1年生枳砧纽荷尔脐橙为材料,观察缺镁植株叶脉肿裂与叶片黄化症状的进程,测定不同枝梢叶片相对叶绿素和镁硼元素含量,探讨缺镁对纽荷尔脐橙叶脉肿裂、叶片黄化的影响。结果显示,第3个月时2龄秋梢叶出现叶脉肿裂、叶片黄化的症状,而且随着时间延长症状加重;第3个月时对照组和缺镁组1龄春夏梢叶的叶色无明显差异,然而第4个时缺镁组的叶色出现明显黄化症状。第3个月时缺镁组各枝梢叶的相对叶绿素含量均显著降低,而且随着时间延长相对叶绿素含量下降幅度显著增大。第4个月时缺镁组和对照组的硼含量均处于高量水平,而缺镁组各枝梢叶的镁含量均处于严重缺乏水平。表明,缺镁不仅会导致纽荷尔脐橙叶片黄化,也会导致叶脉肿裂。     

氯酸钾不同施用方式对“桂冠早”龙眼花期调控和开花结果的影响

本文以课题组选育的“桂冠早”龙眼为试材,随机选择十二株长势相近的龙眼进行施用氯酸钾处理,试验设四个处理,3次重复。处理A为叶面喷施,处理B为土施,处理C为叶面喷+土施,处理D为对照。通过观测不同处理开花结果状况并测定叶片中叶绿素和碳水化合物含量以及果实品质,明确氯酸钾对龙眼成花和花期调控的影响,为生产上应用氯酸钾促进龙眼成花提供理论参考。结果表明：对龙眼施用氯酸钾可以在一定程度上促进龙眼成花,降低落果率并提高产量,但果实品质会受到一定影响。此外,本试验发现,在12月初施用氯酸钾对龙眼正季开花有一定的推迟作用,但其推迟效果并不显著。其中,催花和推迟效果最好的是叶面喷+土施氯酸钾处理,土施次之,叶面喷施作用不明显。     

广东省砂糖橘主产区果园土壤与树体养分状况分析

为了探讨砂糖橘叶片黄化与矿质养分（尤其是镁营养）的关系,本试验对广东省砂糖橘主产区（肇庆市和云浮市）的53个果园进行土壤和叶片养分调查和分析。结果表明：砂糖橘果园土壤整体呈酸性,有机质、土壤碱解氮、速效钾和有效锌含量基本上处于适宜水平,而交换性镁和有效钙含量偏低,有效磷含量偏高;而叶片养分分析表明植株普遍缺氮、磷和镁,DRIS分析进一步表明植株还缺锌,但缺镁最为严重;相关性分析表明砂糖橘叶片中各养分间以及叶片养分与土壤pH、有机质及其有效养分间都存在着一定的相关性。结果表明,缺镁是造成砂糖橘叶片黄化的主要原因,为广东省砂糖橘的养分管理和叶片黄化控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.