加快临安方格蔟推广的思考

应用推广方格蔟是提高蚕茧质量的重要技术措施02007年临安全市共推广方格蔟292万片,用方格蔟上蔟蚕种14595张,产茧664 t,茧款2059万元,比普通茧增收250万元.但使用率仅占全市总饲养量8万余张蚕种的19%,大部分蚕农对使用方格蔟还在犹豫观望.在临安市要让蚕农自觉接受并大面积推广使用方格蔟,笔者认为,还需做好以下几个方面的工作.     

改革蔟具 茧质与效益同步提高

<正> 为了适应市场变化,稳定蚕桑生产,必须提高蚕桑生产的综合效益,这也是建设“三高”农业的需要。江安区自1990年以来,狠抓蔟具改革,大力推广使用方格蔟,茧质和经济效益都得到了明显的提高。现将推广情况综述如下:一、方格蔟具推广使用出现了新的突破为了提高茧质,我们以改革蔟具为突破口,在1990、1991年大力推广方格蔟具,1990年全区共推广使用40.5万片,其中新推广量达35万片,1991年又新推广54.9万片,累计推广使用95.4万片,推广使用率达100％。1991年收购方格族茧280.1吨,占上茧总量的92.5％。二、茧质出现了突破由于方格蔟具的推广使用,加上蔟中管     

谈谈方格蔟的推广

方格蔟是目前最为优良的蔟具,推广方格蔟是快速提高茧质的有效途径。但是,方格蔟的推广确实存在一定难度。仙居1998年之前方格蔟茧仅占1O％左右,是茧质较差的县市之一。最近几年,我们通过典型示范、宣传指导和政策引导等多方面工作,取得了相当好的经济效益和社会效益。去年方格蔟茧的比例已超过92％,茧质因此显著提高。     

方格蔟推广难的原因及其对策

方格蔟 (尤其是纸板方格蔟 )是一种理想的家蚕营茧蔟具 ,它具有结构合理、保管方便、上车茧率高 ,劳动强度低、使用寿命长等优点。为提高蚕茧质量 ,不少蚕区都已普遍推广应用 ,效果十分显著。而我县断断续续推广了十五、六年 ,效果却仍不理想 ,目前多数蚕农仍在使用草笼蔟。 2 0 0 1年 ,我们在朱码、大东、唐集、小李集等蚕桑重点乡 (镇 )推广方格蔟 1 0万片 ,取得了一定的效果 ;2 0 0 2年 ,进一步扩展到徐集、集滩等乡 (镇 ) ,共推广方格蔟 2 5万片 ,并实行方格蔟茧单收单烘 ,取得了很好的效果。1　推广中的问题1 1　蚕农对方格蔟的认识不…     

地蚕推广应用方格蔟自动上蔟技术

地蚕推广应用方格蔟自动上蔟技术湖州市农业局陈兰霞目前蚕茧生产、推广应用纸板方格蔟上蔟，是提高蚕茧质量的重要措施。我市于１９８２年开始搞试点，１９９１年开始大面积推广使用方格蔟上蔟技术，生产实践证明，方格蔟茧的内在质量明显优于蜈蚣蔟茧质量。蚕茧质量的提...     

方格蔟室外结茧与蚕茧质量的关系

根据金湖县多年推广使用方格蔟经验,通过对方格蔟使用方式的对比调查,方格蔟室外结茧对鲜茧含水率、干壳量、蚕茧上茧率、蚕茧解舒率等具有一定的影响,实践证明,方格蔟室外上蔟结茧是提高蚕桑经济效益,提升蚕茧质量的潜力所在。     

浙江省方格蔟推广的现状与思路

一、方格蔟推广与生产现状我省于１９７３年从日本引进回转蔟，１９７４年省农林局、商业局、轻工业局联合发出《关于进一步搞好方格蔟试验的通知》，由浙江农业大学、省农科院负责技术指导，进行方格蔟试验。由于使用方格蔟的茧质比蜈蚣蔟和伞形蔟好，为鼓励蚕农推广使用...     

原蚕区种茧育方格蔟试用初报

纸板方格蔟是目前蚕茧生产中一种较为先进的优良蔟具,近年来在丝茧育上已广泛推广使用,且应用多年。用方格蔟上蔟的蚕茧,茧色洁白、茧层厚、上茧率高、次下茧少、上车率高、效益高。方格蔟作为一种较为理想的蔟具。在种茧育上由于陈年方格蔟粘有多层丝质和吸附蚕儿排泄物,种场担心消毒不彻底而很少使用。笔者为了探索方格蔟在种茧育上使用的效果,于2007年春期在金华天宝蚕种有限公司的原蚕区进行了初次试用,现将试用情况总结如下。     

种茧育使用方格蔟技术

自1995年开始,我们在如东掘西原蚕区尝试使用方格蔟作为上蔟工具;2000年春季又在泰兴、苏南的4个原蚕区推广使用.实践证明,种茧育中使用方格蔟能最大限度地减少不结茧蚕的发生,增加横营茧降低死笼率,有利于种茧保护,较其它蔟具能显著提高茧产量、公斤茧制种量.     

推广方格蔟营茧 提升产业综合效益

方格蔟作为目前最为先进的蚕桑营茧技术,对提高蚕茧质量有着非常明显的作用。近几年,杭州市各级政府极力推广方格蔟的使用,无论财政还是政策上都是大力支持,为标准化方格蔟营茧技术的推广,提升蚕桑产业的综合经济效益打下坚实基础。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。