猪瘟弱毒疫苗对免疫母猪亲代仔猪“割(善刂)免疫”的效果观察

多年来,我市的猪瘟免疫工作,一直采取仔猪割(善刂)同时进行免疫、常年集市补针及春秋两季定期普遍预防注射相结合的方法。实行这一免疫程序以来,对控制猪瘟的发生收到了显著效果。但是,这一免疫程序,重复注射的机率较高,人力和物资的浪费较为严重。根据我市各县、区的     

猪瘟免疫制度的改革及其推广应用

1982年以来,我们在防制猪瘟工作中,认真分析疫情发生情况与规律,改进春、秋两季免疫的传统制度,实行“春季一次全面预防注射、月月补针”新制度。一、改革的依据第一,我国猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗具有良好的免疫原性,安全可靠。注射有效的疫苗后可获得90%以上的保护率。第二,猪瘟兔化     

仔猪猪瘟免疫程序与免疫效果的研究

用猪瘟免化弱毒疫苗以不同的免疫程序对仔猪采取免疫保护期仔猪血液分离血清,用常规微量间接血凝试验（MIA）,对免疫效果进行监测。结果表明：制定合理有效的免疫程序,按计划免疫、其免疫效果优于春秋两季突击防疫、春季防疫并常年补针和随意适时免疫。疫区制定科学免疫程序,可有效提高仔猪猪瘟免疫效果。     

繁殖障碍型猪瘟的控制

1999年 1 1月我师某团猪场发生了一种繁殖障碍型猪瘟 ,经采取综合防制措施 ,得到了有效控制。报告如下。1　流行病学调查该场为商品猪场 ,年存栏生产母猪 5 0 0头左右 ,自繁自养。附近为某连居民区 ,连队居民 5 0 %以上家庭养猪 ,年出栏商品猪 2 0 0 0头以上。1 999年以前 ,该场猪瘟免疫程序为 :公母猪及体重 70 kg以上后备猪每年春秋两季免疫 ;仔猪 30、60日龄二次免疫。免疫剂量均为猪瘟弱毒苗 1头份。自 1 996年以来 ,本地区时有猪瘟疫情发生 ,于是在 1 999年将免疫程序和免疫剂量做了调整 ,并付诸实施。公猪、仔猪免疫程序同调整前 ;母…     

养猪场主要传染病免疫程序和寄生虫病控制程序

1　主要传染病免疫程序1 .1　猪瘟　 种公猪 :每年春、秋季用猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗各免疫接种一次。种母猪 :于产前 30天免疫接种一次 ;或春秋两季各免疫接种一次。仔猪 :2 0日龄、70日龄各免疫接种一次 ;或仔猪出生后不吃初乳前立即用猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗接种一次 ,免后 2小时可哺乳 (即常称为乳前免疫或超免 )。后备种猪 :产前一个月免疫接种一次 ;选留作种用时立即免疫接种一次。1 .2　仔猪副伤寒　 仔猪断奶后上网时 ( 30～ 35日龄 )口服或注射一头份仔猪副伤寒菌苗 ,有条件的猪场 ,仔猪也可不注射。1 .3　仔猪大肠杆菌病 (仔猪黄痢 )　 妊娠母…     

仔猪猪瘟免疫程序与免疫效果观察研究

用猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗以不同的免疫程序对仔猪免疫，采取免疫保护期仔猪血液分离血清，用常规微量间接血凝试验（ＭＩＡ），对免疫效果进行监测，结果表明：制定合理有效的免疫程序，按计划免疫，其免疫效果优于春秋两季突击防疫、春季防疫并常年补针和随意适时免疫。疫区制定科学免疫程序，可有效提高仔猪猪瘟免疫效果。     

应用ELISA试验检测猪瘟免疫抗体

猪瘟在我省流行比较严重，曾造成较大的经济损失，从1988年后全省采取每年春秋两防，并随时补针的免疫措施，使我省的猪瘟疫情得到了全面的控制。但是，我省由外地引入仔猪的猪瘟病例时有发生。为了掌握我省猪瘟免疫状况，海南省动物疫病诊断中心于2005年7月应用猪瘟ELISA试验方法在省内6个市县进行了猪瘟免疫抗体检测。     

谈我县猪传染病的防制问题

我县猪瘟预防注射的密度及强度近几年来都达到了很高的水平,全县几乎再无明显猪瘟发生。过去采取的是每年春秋两季普打,月月补针的办法。这种免疫程序确实存在着战线长、浪费大、投资多等弊病。在这种新的情况下,根据我县自然地形和防疫人员少的特点,     

因疫苗质量引发猪瘟的报告

多年来 ,我县猪瘟的免疫以某省生物药厂生产的猪瘟单苗(以下简称Ｚ苗 )为主 ,按春秋两季集中免疫注射和月月补注的方式开展工作 ,使猪瘟病得到了有效的控制。猪瘟苗的免疫量为断奶后仔猪 (按厂家说明量 ) 1个剂量 ,母猪及种公猪每年免疫 1次 ,为 2个剂量。但自 1999年秋季用该苗进行免疫以来一直有零星猪瘟病例发生 ,至 2 0 0 0年 2月份猪瘟的发病达到了高峰 ,经统计 ,截止 2 0 0 0年 3月中旬全县有长岭、新桥、鸦滩、麦元、太葱、沈冲等乡镇 40多个行政村 3 0 0 0余户、 5 0 0 0余头猪先后发病、死亡或急宰处理。在 2 0 0 0年春季生猪防疫…     

新田县推行窝边注射基本消灭猪瘟

猪瘟是流行广、发病多、病死率高的急性传染病．仔猪出生从第三周起，母原抗体急剧下降，至五周龄已基本消失，只能靠自身产生的抗体抵抗病毒的攻击，过去推行的春秋两季防疫注射虽然可以遏止猪瘟病的大量危害，但由于两季防疫注射相间或间出生的小猪无法得到及时的免疫保护，常年免疫密度无法保证，猪瘟病始终侵扰着养猪生产．为了提高猪瘟的常年免疫密度，我们从1984年起逐步在全县推行，并逐步完善尽周龄仔猪窝边注射猪瘟疫苗的制度，从］987年至今10年来全县猪瘟的发病率一直控制在猪饲养量的0．5／以厂，并且继续呈下降趋势；猪饲养量…     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.