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1.
Distribution of cranes in Hulunber Grassland and Daxing'an Mountains Forest Region in Inner Mongolia
lntroductionAnimaIResearchlnstituteoftheChineseAcademyofSciences.ForestProgramInstituteofDaxing'anMountain,InnerMongoliaUniversity,lnnerMongoIiaFarmingandAnimalHusbandryCoIlege,NortheastForestryUniversity,etc.haveconductedaseriesofinvestigationandstudiesonthefauna,popuIationofeconomic-valuedspeciesandmousepestcontrolinlnnerMongoIianD..i.gi..MountainsForestsandHulunberGrassIand.AfewmonographsandpapersonitwerepubIished.Butspecificstudiesandthor-Oughinvestigationhavenotbeendoneoncran… 相似文献
2.
Distribution of cranes in Hulunber Grassland and Daxing’an mountains forest region in inner Mongolia
The Daxing’an Mountains and Hulunber Grassland are located in the northeastern border area of China. This region covers a
large area of rich biodiversity. The natural environment here is well protected because of low pressure of human activity.
There are 5 species of cranes here. They are Red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis), White-napped crane (Grus vipio), Siberian White crane (Grus leucogeranus), Grey crane (Grus lifordi) and Demoiselle crane (Anthropoides virgo). Red-crowned crane is a breeding species that is widely distributed in this area. The main breeding population of this species
is in Heilongjiang Province. They migrate to the south of China in winter. White-napped crane, Grey crane, Demoiselle crane
are also summer birds. It remains unknown if Siberian White crane breeds here. Since the population of Red-crowned crane,
White-napped crane, Siberian White crane in China are at the edge of endangering, so they are listed in the namelist of national
protected species. But Grey crane, Demoiselle crane have a larger population, and are widely distributed.
(Responsible Editor: Zhu Hong) 相似文献
3.
白枕鹤(Grus vipio)是濒危鹤种之一,国家一级保护动物。白枕鹤分布于六国,在苏联、蒙古、中国繁殖,在中国、北朝鲜、南朝鲜、日本越冬。本文对白枕鹤在中国的分布范围有新的补充。通过对日本山阶鸟类研究所环志的白枕鹤“J17”的观察证明,在1984~1987年春季均从日本迁徙到中国黑龙江扎龙自然保护区沼泽湿地繁殖。1987年6月18日,中日环志合作调查组捕捉环志了“J17”的幼雏,环志号Q00-0663,红彩环“61”。10月7日“J17”的家族南迁,于12月3日到达日本出水鹤类越冬地,环志回收说明白枕鹤迁徙于中国繁殖地和日本越冬地,是确凿无疑。 相似文献
4.
【目的】研究兴凯湖不同栖息地水鸟特别是濒危鸟类如鹤鹳类群落组成差异,为兴凯湖水鸟保护管理提供科学依据。【方法】于2014年5月至2015年4月、 2017年12月采用直接计数法对湖岗、龙王庙、东北泡子以及青山水库4个区域6类栖息地水鸟群落进行系统调查,并对水鸟群落特征参数进行分析。【结果】兴凯湖湿地内共记录水鸟7目11科85种364 063只。湿地内水域面积最大,物种数最多,多样性指数最高,以雁形目和鸻形目鸟类最多;林地与灌丛面积最少,物种数最少;灌丛多样性指数最低,以鹭科鸟类为主。在4个区域,湖岗水鸟多样性最高,其次是龙王庙和东北泡子,青山水库多样性最低。由于不同区域的栖息地组成不同,水鸟数量存在着显著性差异。【结论】随着兴凯湖栖息地类型的改变与人类活动的加剧,特别是作为鹤鹳类主要的繁殖地龙王庙与东北泡子,农田耕地面积增多,而沼泽湿地与草甸面积减少,使得鸭类与鹤类数量大幅减少。建议需根据不同水鸟对栖息环境的适宜性需求,制定科学合理保护方案,进行有效保护。 相似文献
5.
航空调查越冬水鸟在鄱阳湖的数量与分布 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
鄱阳湖不仅是我国最大的淡水湖,也是十分重要的候鸟越冬地,每年的冬天至翌年的春天,在鄱阳湖栖息有大量越冬水鸟,在方圆千余平方公里的范围内,采用航空调查的方法是快速、全面地对越冬水鸟数量及分布情况进行调查的有效方法。2005年的1~2月及2009年2~3月在鄱阳湖地区开展环鄱阳湖的越冬水禽航空调查,2005航调共统计到水禽30种共计321 044只;2009年航调共发现了水禽44种,409 077只。调查发现白鹤、东方白鹳等5个全球受胁种高比例地分布于鄱阳湖区;调查还发现水鸟集中的地点20余处。 相似文献
6.
宣威市森林病虫害危害现状及治理对策 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
据调查,宣威市目前有森林病害18种,虫害52种。从1986年至2003年全市累计发生森林病虫害6.7万hm^2,累计经济损失2814万元。造成病虫害严重发生的原因:人为活动导致生物链破坏、生态失衡;冬春气温偏高使越冬虫基数增大;综合防治措施不力。据此提出了今后治理对策。 相似文献
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对安庆市南埂林场长江沿岸滩地3年、8年和20年生人工杨树林地上空间昆虫群落的种群组成和多样性进行了调查观测。结果表明,在3种不同林龄林分之间,地上空间昆虫种群组成的差异表现为:在目一级分类单元组成上,3种不同林龄林分具有很高的共性;在科和种的单元上,不同林龄林分之间的差异表现为3年生与20年生林分之间〉3年生与8年生林分之间〉8年生与20年生林分之间。随着林分林龄的增加,林内地上空间昆虫丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener指数明显降低。不同林龄林分地上空间昆虫种群的均匀度指数与林分林龄没:哿明显的相关性,其中20年生林分昆虫种群的均匀度指数显著低于8年生和3年生的林分,而8年生和3年生林分:之间没有显著差异。 相似文献
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Nest-site selection patterns of Red-crowned cranes(Grus japonensis) and the effects of environmental variables were studied during the years of 2002-2008 in Zhalong Nature Reserve,Qiqihar city,northeast China.The nest-site selection pattern of Red-crowned cranes included two orders and three choices:the choice of nest-site habitat type within the macro-habitat order,nest zone selection and nest-site micro-habitat selection within the micro-habitat order.Various habitats(such as Carex swamps and reed fire districts) can be selected as the nest sites for Red-crowned cranes,of which reed swamps(93.15%) are given a preference.Factor Analysis reveals that the micro-habitat selection are affected by four main factors:fire,security(concealment /disturbance),incubation(conditions,nest-material),and food.Further analysis reveals that Red-crowned cranes have certain adaptability to the changes of nesting habitat quality in the Zhalong wetlands.In conclusion,fire,reeds,and water were the most important variables for nest-site habitat selection of Red-crowned Cranes in Zhalong Nature Reserve. 相似文献
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沙地不同密度樟子松林地土壤水分的垂直变化 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
通过在辽宁省章古台试验区对沙地不同密度樟子松林地土壤水分垂直变化规律的研究,结果表明:该地区樟子松林分不论密度大小,雨季土壤含水量整体上明显高于春季;不同林分密度的樟子松林土壤水分含量在不同时期不同层次有所不同,春季试验地各层土壤的含水量从上到下大体上呈下降趋势,北试验地0~60cm层次土壤含水量下降的比较明显,南试验地在60~100cm层次间出现了急剧下降的情况;雨季0~40cm土层间,试验地土壤水分含量都呈上升趋势,40~150cm这几个层次间,试验地土壤含水量均呈下降趋势,且在40~100cm的层次上2试验地下降的幅度都比较大。 相似文献
11.
This paper presents results from a survey of border hedges on farmland in western Kenya. The survey covered 160000 ha of high
potential land in eastern Siaya District and Vihiga District of western Kenya. The survey attempted to widen the knowledge
of the typology, the biomass and the parameters influencing the spatial distribution of hedge types. Spatial analysis was
used to delimit hedge type sub-regions (using cluster analysis) and to identify the variables influencing the spatial distribution
of hedge types (using discriminant analysis). It is demonstrated that a complex association of variables is influencing the
subdivision of the two districts in hedge type sub-regions in which ethnicity, population density, area in woodlots and ecological
variables like elevation, rainfall and soil fertility are important variables. These variables are influencing each other
and are responsible for the contrasting situation in Vihiga and Siaya District. Border hedges have similar functions in both
districts (demarcation of land, to prevent cattle from entering), nevertheless species composition and dimensions differ remarkably
in both districts. Border hedges in Siaya District are poorly managed or not managed at all. In Vihiga District people are
used to manage their hedges. Agroforestry techniques, for example techniques based on frequent pruning of border hedges, have
a high chance in being successful in this district because no additional investment in labour or time is required. The spatial
distribution in the amount of biomass is strongly correlated with the distribution in the per cent area ground cover of border
hedges. This means that secondary data on the area in hedges derived from aerial photographs can serve as a useful indicator
of the biomass present. As a result, the most difficult part of the field survey, the destructive sampling for the determination
of the biomass, can be eliminated, making general surveys considerably easier.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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冀南山地飞播造林试验初报 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在冀西、冀北飞播造林取得了好的效果。冀南山区气候、立地条件与冀西、冀北部都有差别,对飞播造林能否成功争论很大。我们从1984年起连续4年在冀南山区的武安、涉县进行了试验。本文通过1984、1985两年的飞播成苗效果调查,对冀南山区飞播造林成败因素进行了分析,对推广飞播造林技术,加快冀南山区绿化步伐,有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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本文从5个方面论述了最近10多年来,苏联传统的森林经理工艺的进展与改革:(1)伐区工艺改革(包括伐区拨交与验收);(2)各种森林资源调查方法的研究与使用;(3)全苏小班数据库的建立及自动化检索系统的研制;(4)森林经理制图自动化系统的开发与应用;(5)遥感与电算技术发展迅速。文章还介绍了苏联森林经理技术发展的新动向。 相似文献
16.
浙北马尾松人工林鸟类群落结构和多样性指数的季节变化 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
浙江省北部马尾松人工林春季鸟各丰富度最高(47种),秋季最少(31种),冬、夏季分别为35种和36种。留留种类秋季最多是(677%),春季的迁徙鸟种类最多(57.4%)。冬、春、夏、秋,鸟类平均密度分别为56.87、56.81、47.25及49.35只/10hm^2。春季留鸟的平均密度最高(43.10只10/hm^2),依次是夏、秋、冬季,分别为41.47、39.05和36.76只/10hm^2。 相似文献
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IntroductionSables(Marfes.zibellina),rarefur-bearinganimal,belongedtocarnivore,andscatteredinNorth-Asiacontinentanditsisland,suchasfRussiaMongoIiaandKorea,etc.TherewerefoursubspeciesinNorth-eastandXinjiangofChinafM.ZprincePs,Birula,M.ZLiRkouensisMaEtWu,M.Zhamenensis.KiskidaandM.ZaltaiCa(Ma1981).Sables,asatypicalanimalofsub-frigidzoneconif-eroustrees,wasknownasoneofthreetreasuresinNortheastforitsfur.Now,itwaslookedasthefirstclassprotectedanimalinourcountry.OursabtewasmainlyinDaxing… 相似文献
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松褐天牛是促使松材线虫病广泛传播的主要媒介,如何压低林间种群是当前防控的主要挑战之一。近年来,林区飞机喷雾防治(飞防)松褐天牛兴起,覆盖我国12个省份27个市,以喷施噻虫啉为主。飞防速度快、覆盖面大,较常规方法优势明显。然而,噻虫啉飞防效果与风险仍备受关注。文中简要回顾国内外林区飞防发展历程;基于前期噻虫啉药效、残留实验结果,结合飞防自身问题与我国噻虫啉飞防现状,及松褐天牛与美国白蛾等林业害虫飞防案例对比,综述噻虫啉飞防松褐天牛所面临的挑战与问题,提出后续研究中需结合林区飞防实际,在剂型选用、种群长期压制、生物多样性风险等方面深入研究,以出台专门技术规程,促使噻虫啉飞防技术改进,实现科学飞防。 相似文献
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收音机播种造林是我国造林绿化的重要方式之一,在交通不便,人烟稀少的山区和沙漠地区更具特殊意义。在收音机播种造林中,如何使空,地勤合理配合引导飞机在播区内均匀撒番种子是飞播造林的关键技术之一。 相似文献