NaCl和NaHCO3胁迫下马蔺生长与光合特性的反应

采用室内水培实验,以马蔺(Iris lactea Pall.var.chinensis(Fisch.)Koidz.)为研究对象,探讨盐(NaCl)、碱(NaHCO3)胁迫对植株生长、水分状况、质膜透性、叶片叶绿素含量和光合特性的影响,初步比较盐碱胁迫效应的差异。结果表明,在相同Na+浓度下,NaHCO3胁迫组对马蔺生长的抑制、细胞质膜透性的破坏以及叶绿素含量的减少程度均明显大于NaCl胁迫组,这可能是因为碱性盐胁迫下特有的高盐和高pH的共同作用。同时,盐碱胁迫对茎叶生长的抑制作用大于根系,对鲜重的影响大于干重。随着胁迫浓度的增加和胁迫时间的延长,马蔺叶片叶绿素含量显著降低。同时,叶片的电解质外渗率与植株含水量呈显著负相关。碱性盐胁迫下马蔺光合速率下降主要受非气孔限制,而中性盐胁迫下既有气孔限制,又有非气孔限制。     

外源 GSH 对 NaCl 胁迫下番茄幼苗叶片及根系离子微域分布的影响

【目的】盐胁迫是限制新疆番茄生长的重要障碍因子之一,而外源喷施谷胱甘肽 (GSH) 是解决这一问题的有效措施。探讨外源 GSH 缓解番茄盐胁迫的效应和作用机制,可为该措施的有效应用提供理论依据。 【方法】采用营养液栽培法,选用番茄品种‘中蔬四号’为试材。在营养液中加入 NaCl 100 mg/L,使其产生盐胁迫,以不加 NaCl 作为对照 (CK),试验处理包括不喷施 GSH (NaCl)、喷施 GSH (+ GSH)、喷施 GSH 合成酶抑制剂 (+ BSO) 以及喷施 GSH 和 BSO (+ BSO + GSH)。测定番茄幼苗叶片和根系中与耐盐性相关的 K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Na+ 和 Cl– 的离子微域分布状态和平衡。 【结果】NaCl 胁迫下番茄叶片和根系所有组织细胞中 Na+ 和 Cl– 相对含量显著提高,K+ 相对含量和 K+/Na+、Ca2+/Na+、K+/Cl– 比值降低,说明 NaCl 胁迫使细胞中 Na+ 和 Cl– 有害离子积累及胞内离子稳态严重破坏;外源 BSO 施用进一步加剧了 NaCl 胁迫下番茄叶片和根系细胞的 K+/Na+ 失衡。而外源 GSH 施用抑制了 NaCl 胁迫下番茄叶片和根系对 Na+ 的吸收,降低了 Cl– 的相对含量,提高了 K+/Na+、Ca2+/Na+、K+/Cl– 比值。外源 GSH 亦使 NaCl+BSO 胁迫下番茄叶片各组织及根系中皮层、内皮层和中柱的 Na+ 未检出,根系和叶片各组织中 Cl– 相对含量显著降低,K+ 和 Ca2+ 相对含量及 K+/Na+、Ca2+/Na+、K+/Cl–、Ca2+/Cl– 比值显著提高。 【结论】外源 GSH 通过抑制盐胁迫下番茄叶片和根系对 Na+ 的吸收,降低 Cl– 吸收,改善细胞中离子的微域分布和维持离子平衡, 从而缓解了盐胁迫对番茄的毒害作用,提高了番茄的耐盐性。     

几种花卉植物对铅富集特征的研究

通过水培试验.研究了Pb投加浓度为0～1 000 mg/L条件下,8种花卉植物(包括紫茉莉、紫花玉簪、鸭跖草、马蔺、石碱花、石竹、波斯菊、福禄考)的生长反应和富集特征.结果表明:供试花卉植物中.鸭跖草对Pb胁迫的耐性较强,其次为紫茉莉、紫花玉簪和马蔺,而石竹、波斯菊、福禄考和石碱花的耐性较弱.但Pb胁迫通常使植株生长受到了一定程度的抑制;紫茉莉和紫花玉簪的地上部最大Pb含量分别达到了1 320.9,1 033.2 mg/kg,满足超富集植物的临界含量标准.同时紫茉莉、紫花玉簪和鸭跖草在各个Pb处理浓度下的地上部Pb含量和富集系数均显著高于其它花卉植物;紫茉莉、紫花玉簪和鸭跖草的Pb转移系数最高值可达到0.8以上.并且在1 000mg Pb/L时的转移系数仍显著高于100 mg Pb/L时的转移系数.综合本研究结果可知,紫茉莉、紫花玉簪和鸭跖草不仅对Pb胁迫具有较强的耐性.而且具有较高的Pb富集和转移能力;考虑到紫花玉簪还具有较大的生物量,因此可作为修复Pb污染水体和土壤的首选花卉植物.     

弯囊苔草对Pb2+胁迫的响应及其Pb富集能力

通过水培实验研究不同Pb2+浓度(0,250,500,1 000,1 500,2 000μmol/L)下和不同时间(1,5,9,13,17d)Pb2+对弯囊苔草生长、生理指标及富集能力的影响。结果表明:(1)株高、最长根长、新增根数、新分蘖数、鲜重和地上与地下部分的干重比均随着Pb2+浓度增大明显下降。(2)3种抗氧化酶活性均随着胁迫时间延长呈现先上升后下降的趋势。随着Pb2+胁迫浓度增加,CAT和POD活性显著升高,SOD活性呈现先上升后下降的趋势。(3)MDA含量、Pro含量和质膜透性均随着Pb2+处理浓度的增加和胁迫时间延长而显著增加。(4)叶绿素含量在胁迫初期时明显增加,胁迫时间长时含量显著下降。(5)弯囊苔草体内Pb含量随Pb2+浓度增大而增加,根系对Pb的富集能力明显高于地上部分。根系对Pb的平均滞留率为84.62%,弯囊苔草对Pb的转移系数小于1。因此,研究表明弯囊苔草对Pb胁迫有一定的耐受性和适应性。     

Zn胁迫对黑麦草幼苗生长、生理生化及Zn吸收的影响

采用营养液培养法,研究了不同Zn浓度(0,0.25,0.50,1.00,2.00 mmol/L)对黑麦草幼苗生长、过氧化物酶活性、脯氨酸、根系活力及Zn吸收的影响。结果表明,低锌胁迫对黑麦草幼苗生长无抑制,过度锌胁迫(Zn≥2 mmol/L)将降低黑麦草地上部干质量。幼苗叶内游离脯氨酸含量随锌胁迫时间、锌浓度增加而增加。随Zn胁迫时间增加幼苗POD活性先降后升、根系活力先升后降,锌处理的植株地上部POD活性随锌浓度增加先降低,然后增加,而根系活力随锌浓度增加而增加。黑麦草幼苗地上部和根系Zn含量随Zn浓度的增加而增加,当Zn浓度为2.00 mmol/L时,地上部Zn含量最大值为775.0 mg/kg。     

土壤盐分离子对乌鲁木齐小白菜Pb含量的影响研究

为研究土壤中盐分离子对小白菜Pb含量的影响,采取正交试验L_(16)4~5和盆栽试验方法,分析了5种阳离子(Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、K~+、Na~+、Pb~(2+))和3种阴离子(SO_4~(2-)、Cl~-、NO_3~-)对小白菜地上部和根系中Pb含量的影响。结果表明,试验条件下小白菜地上部Pb含量为0.215~0.930 mg·kg~(-1),根系中Pb含量为1.648~24.33 mg·kg~(-1),可食用部分超标率达81.3%。土壤盐分离子对小白菜地上部Pb含量影响顺序为:Ca~(2+)Mg~(2+)Na~+Pb~(2+)K~+。根据相关性分析,土壤中Ca~(2+)与小白菜地上部Pb含量呈显著负相关(r=-0.540 3,P0.05),Na~+和Pb~(2+)呈正相关但不显著。Mg~(2+)和K~+呈负相关,也不显著。Cl~-和NO_3~-与小白菜地上部Pb含量呈显著负相关(r=-0.540,P0.05),SO_4~(2-)呈正相关,但不显著。对小白菜根系Pb含量影响顺序为:Pb~(2+)K~+Na~+Ca~(2+)Mg~(2+),土壤中Pb~(2+)对小白菜根系Pb的含量呈显著正相关(r=0.483,P0.05),Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、K~+、Na~+、SO_4~(2-)、Cl~-和NO_3~-相关性不显著。乌鲁木齐土壤中固有的盐分离子对小白菜可食用部分Pb的吸收没有抑制作用。     

铅胁迫下小花南芥与玉米间作对根系分泌物 有机酸的影响

为了揭示Pb胁迫对间作和单作的超累积植物和作物根系分泌低分子有机酸的影响,研究设置400 mg·L?1Pb胁迫,采用水培曝气法试验,以玉米和小花南芥单作为对照处理,研究Pb胁迫下玉米和小花南芥间作对植物根系形态、根系分泌有机酸及Pb吸收的影响。结果表明:与单作相比,间作小花南芥情况下,玉米根系分泌物检测到乳酸;玉米分根条数、根表面积和根密度与单作相比分别增加60%、15%和42%,地下部和地上部干重生物量分别增加108%和75%,玉米地下部Pb含量下降44%;与单作相比,间作玉米条件下,小花南芥根系分泌物检测到乙酸和乳酸,小花南芥根系分泌物量与单作相比增加103%~1 700%,小花南芥地下部和地上部Pb累积量分别比单作增加49%和75%,转运系数增加22%。相关分析结果表明,单作小花南芥只有地上部Pb累积量与草酸显著相关,而间作小花南芥地下部和地上部Pb累积量与草酸、柠檬酸和苹果酸显著相关。研究表明超富集植物小花南芥与玉米间作体系,根系分泌的有机酸改变了Pb在小花南芥和玉米体内的累积特征,促进超累积植物小花南芥累积Pb,减少农作物玉米植株体内Pb含量。Pb胁迫下超累积植物小花南芥与玉米间作是一种可行的修复模式。     

异质Pb胁迫对超富集植物金丝草根系生长及生物量分配的影响

以Pb超富集植物金丝草（Pogonatherumcrinitum）为试验材料,设置不同Pb浓度的土壤异质胁迫室内模拟试验,定量测定不同Pb胁迫浓度和斑块中金丝草的根长、体积、表面积、平均直径等形态指标,以及根系和地上部分的生物量,比较不同异质Pb胁迫下金丝草根系形态指标及生物量分配的差异。结果表明,异质Pb胁迫对金丝草根长、根体积、表面积影响较明显,但对根平均直径的影响较小;随Pb胁迫浓度的增加,金丝草在Pb胁迫斑块和无Pb斑块的根长、根体积和表面积均呈逐渐增大的趋势,但无Ph斑块均大于Pb胁迫斑块;无Pb左室、Pb胁迫右室及整株根冠比均随Pb胁迫浓度的增加表现为先增大后减小的变化规律,表明轻度Pb胁迫条件下金丝草根系生物量分配较多,但随Pb胁迫浓度的增大,地上部的生物量所占比例逐渐增大。     

马蔺苗期耐镉性分析及鉴定指标筛选

为探讨马蔺苗期耐镉特性,筛选耐镉性快速鉴定指标并建立耐镉性数学评价模型,本研究通过盆栽砂培试验,以16份马蔺种质材料为试验材料,设置5个镉(Cd)浓度处理(0、50、100、200、300mg·kg-1),胁迫40d后测定马蔺种质材料的8项形态和生理指标,即株高(PH)、叶绿素(Chl)含量、地上干重(DWS)、根系干重(DWR)、叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量及可溶性蛋白(SP)含量,以各单项指标的耐性指数作为衡量耐镉性的依据,运用主成分分析、隶属函数法分析和逐步回归分析等方法进行综合评价及分类。结果表明,主成分分析将镉胁迫处理下马蔺苗期的8项形态和生理指标转换成3个彼此独立的综合指标;利用隶属函数法对3个综合指标分析,得到不同种质苗期耐镉性综合评价值(D值);通过对D值聚类分析,将16份马蔺种质材料分为3个耐镉群体,其中强耐镉材料6份,中等耐镉材料7份,弱耐镉材料3份;进一步运用逐步回归法建立耐镉性预测回归模型:D=-1.414+1.076DWS+0.744SP+0.266SOD,筛选出显著影响马蔺苗期耐镉能力的3个单项指标(DWS、SOD、SP);ML018、ML019等6份强耐镉材料具有较强的吸收、忍耐和转运能力,可作为Cd污染土壤修复的备选植物。本研究为马蔺种质资源评价及新品种选育奠定了基础。     

2,4-表油菜素内酯对NaCl胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗根系生长抑制及氧化损伤的缓解效应

为探讨外源2,4-表油菜素内酯(2,4-epibrassinolide,EBR)提高紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)耐盐性的生理调控机制,采用营养液水培法,以紫花苜蓿品种‘中苜3号’和‘陇中苜蓿’为材料,研究Na Cl胁迫下添加外源EBR对紫花苜蓿幼苗根系生长、渗透调节物质含量、抗氧化酶活性、非酶抗氧化物质、活性氧及MDA含量的影响。结果表明:150 mmol·L?1 Na Cl胁迫下,‘中苜3号’、‘陇中苜蓿’幼苗根系的生长显著受到抑制,根系干重和根系活力显著降低,幼苗根系中的可溶性蛋白含量和抗氧化酶活性显著降低,活性氧和MDA含量显著增加,根系脂质过氧化程度加剧,细胞质膜完整性受到破坏。添加0.1μmol·L?1外源EBR显著增加了2个品种苜蓿幼苗的主根长、根系总长度、根系总表面积、根体积、根尖数、根系干重和根系活力,幼苗根系中的可溶性蛋白含量、抗氧化酶(SOD、APX、GPX、CAT、GR)活性、非酶抗氧化物质(As A、GSH)含量均显著增加,超氧阴离子自由基(O2·?)产生速率、羟自由基(OH·)浓度、H2O2含量和膜脂过氧化产物MDA含量显著降低,有效缓解了根系脂质过氧化程度,提高了细胞质膜的完整性。说明外源EBR能够有效缓解Na Cl胁迫对紫花苜蓿幼苗根系生长的抑制作用,增强紫花苜蓿幼苗根系的渗透调节能力和抗氧化系统活性,降低活性氧的积累和膜脂过氧化水平,减小Na Cl胁迫对紫花苜蓿幼苗根系造成的氧化伤害,促进根系生长,增强苜蓿幼苗的抗盐性。     

土壤、蔬菜的铅污染相关性分析及土壤铅污染阈限值研究

为探求土壤重金属污染和蔬菜污染的相关性,为绿色蔬菜生产提供技术支持,以郑州市常见的5种叶菜类蔬菜[油麦菜（Lactuca sativa var．Asparagina）、荆芥（Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq）、蕹菜（Lpomoea aquelica）、生菜（Lactuca sativa）、苋菜（Amaranthus hypochondriacus）]为试验材料,采用温室盆栽土培的方法研究了土壤Pb浓度与蔬菜污染的相关性,并对绿色蔬菜生产要求的土壤Pb污染阈限值进行了预测。研究结果表明：低浓度Pb污染的土壤对蔬菜生长、产量无明显影响;随着施Pb浓度的增加,5种蔬菜中的Pb含量均呈增加趋势,且与土壤中的Pb含量相关性显著;模拟得出的Pb阈限值油麦菜为39．9092±2．4469mg·kg^-1,荆芥43．8986±3．5855mg·kg^-1,蕹菜35．2934±1．7872mg·kg^-1,生菜33．6964±2．1512mg·kg^-1,苋菜34．5396±2．4254mg·kg^-1;对Pb富集能力由大到小排序为生菜〉苋菜〉蕹菜〉油麦菜〉荆芥。     

Pb adsorption by soils

Pb adsorption for 12 soils from Tuscany was studied. The data fitted the Langmuir and the Freundlich isotherms over a large range of concentrations. Results showed that organic matter and clay content were responsible for adsorption maxima. The effect of Mn oxides, explained independently of organic matter and clay, was negligible. The adsorption maxima were generally found to be greater than CEC; the possible mechanisms are discussed.     

湿地植物铅的富集特征及根际铅移动性的影响因素研究

【目的】 揭示湿地植物铅的富集特征及根际铅移动性影响因素的作用机理,为人工湿地修复重金属污染水体提供理论指导和依据。 【方法】 通过根箱法研究了五种挺水湿地植物 (大叶皇冠草、黑籽荸荠、圆币草、草龙、小婆婆纳) 根际 pH、氧化还原电位 (Eh)、Fe2+ 和 Fe3+ 浓度、铅 (Pb) 的化学形态及移动性的变化。 【结果】 与非根际相比,五种植物根际pH下降,Fe2+ 和 Fe3+ 浓度显著下降,Eh显著升高,Pb的移动性显著降低 (P<0.05)。与非根际相比,根际pH下降幅度为 0.1～0.4个单位,根际Fe2+和 Fe3+浓度下降幅度为0.6～2.7 mmol/kg。土壤中铅的存在形态主要以残渣态为主 (36.39%～47.54%),其次是铁锰氧化物结合态 (30.16%～41.64%)、有机质结合态 (8.85%～15.08%) 和碳酸盐结合态 (6.89%～12.46%)。五种湿地植物根际Pb的移动性降低的主要原因是根际碳酸盐结合态Pb含量显著下降,其中大叶皇冠草受根际pH、Eh、Fe3+和Fe2+的影响导致其根际Pb移动性降低效应最为显著。 【结论】 五种供试植物Pb主要分布在根部;根表富集的铁膜数量显著高于锰膜数量;供试植物根际Fe3+含量与Pb的移动性因子呈极显著正相关,湿地植物根系铁氧化能力对降低其根际重金属的移动性有重要作用。本研究为人工湿地修复重金属污染水体提供了有力的理论依据。      

土壤中铅锰复合污染对烟草生长及其吸收铅和锰的影响

采用盆栽试验方法研究Pb与Mn复合污染对烟草生长及其吸收积累Pb、Mn的影响,以便弄清在Pb与Mn复合污染条件下烟草的生长情况.试验结果表明:Pb与Mn复合污染可影响烟草的生长发育,在土壤中Pb浓度(500 mg/kg)不变的情况下,随着土壤中Mn浓度的提高,烟草株高、根长、根系和茎叶的干重不断减少,当土壤中Mn浓度达到2500 mg/kg时,烟草的株高、根长和烟草的产量减少分别达到极显著水平(p＜0.01).Pb与Mn复合污染也影响烟草对Pb和Mn的吸收与积累,当土壤中Pb浓度不变时,随着土壤中Mn浓度的增加,烟草各部分中Pb含量和Mn含量都在不断的提高.此外,Mn可促进烟草对Pb的吸收与积累.     

Historical change of soil Pb content and Pb isotope signatures of the cultural layers in urban Nanjing

Soils in urban areas are often artificially formed and preserved as cultural layers in which soil materials are mixed with artifacts. The vertical change of soil properties denotes the historical change of human activities, and therefore, urban soil can be considered as a record of history of urban development. We studied a deep profile of urban soil (600 cm) in Nanjing, China, by intensively sampling at every 5 cm. Soil samples were analyzed for lead content. Charcoal from several layers was found and was dated using ¹⁴C to recognize archaeological cultural layers that might be formed in different Chinese dynasties. Pb isotope ratios were determined by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) technology. The study found that artificial deposition, i.e., the formation of cultural layer started about 1700 years ago and lasted until recently. All cultural layers above the original loess were heavily contaminated by Pb with total content varying from 100 mg kg^− 1 to more than 2000 mg kg^− 1. There were several historical periods in which Pb content peaked, indicating significant contamination by human activities, such as ancient ore smelting for various purposes and use of Pb-containing materials for handicraft manufacture. Various Pb isotope ratios of the cultural layers differed substantially from that of the original undisturbed loess in the deepest position. ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb value decreased gradually from the bottom layer to top layer, although with occasional exceptions, indicating a long-lasting mixing of extraneous sources of Pb during the entire history since ca. 300 A.D. In comparison with the isotope ratios of lead ores of different sources and that of aerosols, it was illustrated that the source of Pb in cultural layers might come from lead ores of southern China in the earlier dynasties, while Pb from north China might have contributed to the Pb source in the more recent years, suggested by the lowering of ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb ratio in the near-surface cultural layers. However, the impact of petrol burning on cultural layers was basically excluded, considering the relatively short history of petroleum use in this area.     

Pb胁迫对红椿（Toona ciliata Roem）生长发育及Pb富集特性的影响

采用盆栽试验研究了酸性紫色土、钙质紫色土和冲积土上生长的一年生红椿实生苗暴露在不同浓度Pb胁迫（0、200、450mg·kg-1和2000mg·kg-1）条件下的叶长、叶面积、生物量、各器官Pb含量特征和富集程度,并分析了红椿对Pb污染的耐性和转移效率。3种土壤下红椿都能生长,但相同浓度Pb胁迫下其在钙质紫色土中生长状况最佳,在冲积土中生长状况最差。随Pb浓度增大红椿叶片生长受到明显抑制,当土壤中Pb浓度在2000mg·kg-1时,其叶长和叶面积与对照差异极显著（P〈0.01）;Pb胁迫使得红椿根茎比发生明显的变化,还加大其叶的凋落程度,同时整株生物量随着Pb胁迫浓度的增大呈极显著降低趋势（P〈0.01）,但在土壤Pb浓度最大时其生物量仍达到对照的81.47%以上。红椿体内Pb含量与土壤Pb浓度成正相关（P〈0.01）,其6个器官中细根Pb含量最高,粗根次之,而地上部分的Pb含量较低且差异不大。红椿耐性指数值在0.67~1.06之间,表现为随Pb胁迫浓度增大,其耐性呈下降趋势。红椿富集系数与转移系数都较小且小于0.3。这些结果表明,红椿能在Pb污染较严重的土壤中较好的生存,可作为Pb污染区域潜在的土壤修复树种。     

Tracing Pb Pollution Penetration in Temperate Podzols

We combine high‐resolution soil sampling with lead (Pb) analyses (concentrations and stable isotopes) in two temperate podzols, together with previous data obtained with selective Al and Fe dissolution techniques. We aim to assess how atmospheric Pb is incorporated into the soils during pedogenesis. Partial least squares modelling for Pb concentrations shows that the podzolization process has the largest effect on Pb concentration (80·3% of the variance). The proportion of inorganic secondary compounds, the input of fresh organic matter from the soil surface and the relative abundance of Fe versus Al are responsible for a small part of the Pb concentration variance. Lead isotopic composition (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁷Pb ratios) depends on soil organic matter content either fresh/poorly humified (57·3% of the variance) or humified (24·7% of the variance). The Pb linked to inorganic compounds and the overall podzolization process play a minor role in isotopic signature (5·3 and 3·7% of the variance respectively). Soil pH appears to be the controlling variable of the different transport and retention mechanisms. The relatively low isotopic ratios observed in spodic horizons result from geogenic Pb released through the preferential dissolution of the isotopically distinct most weatherable minerals of the parent material in the eluvial horizons, which undergoes downward mobilization. An accurate knowledge of soil reactive components and formation mechanisms is essential to a correct diagnose of the scope of Pb pollution and a more effective design of remediation strategies. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Pb(铅)富集植物品种的筛选

为选择和筛选富集重金属或对重金属具有耐性的植物，为利用植物修复重金属污染土壤提供参考，该研究通过温室砂培和土培的方法，对生长于铅锌尾矿区的36种植物进行了筛选，以叶片叶绿素含量、株高、植株含Pb量为Pb富集植物的筛选指标。同时满足下列条件，即：植物叶片中叶绿素含量：处理/对照＞0.90；株高：处理/对照≥1.00和含Pb量＞500 mg/kg的植物可以用做进一步的耐性试验。按以上标准筛选出6个富集Pb的植物品种，分别是香根草、绿叶苋菜、裂叶荆芥、羽叶鬼针草、紫穗槐和苍耳。     

Historical rates of atmospheric Pb deposition using210Pb dated peat cores: Corroboration,computation, and interpretation

Lead-210 dating of peat cores is one approach that has been used to arrive at historical rates of heavy metal deposition. Despite concerns regarding the validity of²¹⁰Pb dating due to Pb mobility,²¹⁰Pb dating can be used if the dates are corroborated with some other independent dating technique. In this study, based on analyses of²¹⁰Pb dated, pollen corroborated peat cores from two sites in the Czech Republic (Jezerní sla and Bo?í Dar Bog), we illustrate a previously unexplored problem concerning the computation of metal deposition, using Pb as an example. When peat cores are collected, sectioned into depth intervals,²¹⁰Pb dated and analyzed for metal contents, the²¹⁰Pb dates most appropriately correspond to the midpoint depth for each interval, whereas the metal contents correspond to the interval between the top and bottom of each section. Thus the²¹⁰Pb dates and metal content values throughout the core are offset by half the distance of each depth interval. In calculating historical rates of heavy metal deposition two approaches are available for correcting for the depth interval offsets, the traditional approach of date interpolation and our newly proposed metal content interpolation. We see noa priori reason for choosing one approach over the other, and suggest simultaneous use of both date and metal content interpolation. Additionally, acid-insoluble ash (AIA), which has been proposed as a dating technique in and of itself, may be more useful as an interpretive tool which may provide insights into the nature or sources of atmospherically deposited Pb. For example, plots of Pb content per core section versus AIA content per core section for Jezerní slat, located in a relatively pristine area, reveal increased Pb content without increased AIA contents in depths shallower than 6 cm, indicating deposition of gasoline-derived Pb after its introduction in 1922. Similar plots for Bo?í Dar Bog, located in a polluted industrialized region, indicate greater inputs of Pb than would be predicted from AIA, based on the Jezerní sla analyses. We interpret the apparent excess Pb deposition at Bo?í Dar Bog as being contributed by soil-derived dust from local metal mining. Elevated rates in Pb deposition at Bo?í Dar Bog are consistent with the history of local mining known to have occurred in the vicinity. Finally, magnetic susceptibility measurements identify combustion of fossil fuels as a source of atmospheric Pb deposition at Bo?í Dar Bog, but not at Jezerní sla