猪瘟诊断方法研究进展

猪瘟是危害养猪业发展的重要传染病 ,给养猪业带来巨大的经济损失。随着对猪瘟研究的深入 ,人们建立了许多用于检测猪瘟病毒的方法 ,文章综述了病毒的分离、动物接种、荧光抗体检测、鸡新城疫病毒加强实验、血清中和实验、间接血凝试验、免疫酶测定技术、各种 EL ISA方法及分子生物学方法等     

猪瘟诊断和防制研究进展

猪瘟(Classical swine fever，CSF)是严重威胁养猪业、具有重要经济意义的病毒性疾病之一，被国际兽疫局(OIE)列为A类的15种传染病之一。其特征是小血管壁变性，内脏器官多发性出血、坏死和梗塞。该病的病原是猪瘟病毒(CSFV)，CSFV在分类上属于黄病毒科(Flaviviridae)瘟病毒属(Pesti-virus)，同属的还有牛病毒性腹泻病毒(Bovine viral diarrhea virus，BVDV)和绵羊边界病病毒(Border disease virus，BDV)，     

猪瘟诊断方法研究进展

作者从抗原和抗体两方面对国内外相关猪瘟诊断方法的报道进行全面概述,并对各种方法的优缺点进行评价,最后提出对猪瘟诊断方法研究的一些展望.     

猪瘟实验室诊断技术研究进展

本文介绍了几种猪瘟的实验室诊断方法,包括病毒分离和动物接种、血清学及分子生物学等诊断技术,尤其对近年来新出现的诊断技术作以阐述,并对每种诊断技术的优劣加以探讨.     

猪瘟诊断技术研究进展

猪瘟是传染病流行的猪瘟病毒感染引起的一种急性、热性、接触猪,也被称为"烂肠瘟".目前尚无有效的猪瘟药物,因此早期诊断猪瘟是减少该病造成的损失的有效措施.本文综述了猪瘟诊断技术的研究进展,为猪瘟的及时诊断提供参考.     

温和性猪瘟的诊断报告

1993年4月邵阳市郊某集约化猪场中流行一种热性、接触性传染病．病程长，死亡率高．用青、链霉素、氯霉素等抗菌素和磺胶类药物多次治疗无效，后通过实验室诊断，诊断为温和性猪瘟．王发病情况该场共有良种母猪230头，公猪6头，哺乳仔猪180头，据畜主介绍．3月底30日龄断奶1个星期的s窝29头仔猪开始拉稀，发病9天后出现死亡现象。20天后这29头猪全部死亡，后又蔓延到分娩舍，致使4南件头拉稀，大约只有20天，使分娩舍480头15一叩日龄的仔猪，发病38D头，发病率为79％，死亡324头，死亡率为“％，流行时间达3个月，后对新生仔猪卖。，超政免…     

猪瘟、猪蓝耳病、猪口蹄疫免疫抗体检测分析

为了实时掌握伊州区猪瘟(Classical swine fever, CSF)、猪蓝耳病(Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, PRRS)、口蹄疫(Foot-and-mouth disease virus,FMD)抗体免疫状况,研究采用ELISA方法对该区的156份血样进行了猪瘟(CSF)、猪蓝耳病(PRRS)、口蹄疫(FMD)抗体检测。结果表明:规模场猪群猪瘟、猪蓝耳病、口蹄疫抗体合格率分别69.23%、70.51%、79.49%,其中猪瘟免疫效果不理想,必须实施紧急补免;散养户猪群猪瘟、猪蓝耳病、口蹄疫抗体合格率分别80.77%、79.49%、96.15%,免疫效果均较理想。此次检测为更进一步做好全区猪群CSF、PRRS和FMD的有效防控提供了基本参考和科学依据。     

猪瘟诊断技术的研究进展

猪瘟(CSF)作为养猪业的大敌已肆虐百年以上，有关CSF的研究也已开展多年，使其在一定程度上得到有效控制。但值得注意的是，近些年来，世界各养猪国家流行的CSF在流行病学、临床症状和病理变化等方面出现了一些新的变化，CSF防制出现了许多新情况。我国在80年代以后，随着规模化养猪业的迅速发展，大量生猪和肉品频繁的供需调动，隐性感染猪在全国范围内频繁流动，     

猪瘟诊断技术研究进展

猪瘟（Swine fever,SF或Hog cholera,HC）是由猪瘟病毒（Classical swine fever virus,CSFV）引起的猪的一种急性、致死性、高度接触性传染病,是阻碍养猪业发展的主要疫病之一。国际动物卫生组织（OIE）将其列入A类传染病,我国将其定为一类传染病。我国每年由猪瘟导致的直接经济损失有数十亿元,造成了巨大的资源浪费。自20世纪70年代末开始,全世界猪瘟以温和型猪瘟为主,呈周期性、     

猪瘟病毒及其致病机制研究进展

猪瘟(CSF)是猪的一种高度接触性传染病,该传染病可分为急性、亚急性、慢性、非典型性和不明显型.急性CSF由强毒株引发,一般导致高发病率和死亡率,而弱毒病毒感染则表现不明显.由于疫苗的广泛应用,有效地控制了猪瘟的大流行,减少了急性死亡.但从20世纪80年代以后,临床症状不典型且病程变长的非典型性猪瘟(或慢性猪瘟)成为该病的主要发生形式,持续感染普遍存在,疫苗的预防效果明显下降,使猪瘟防制遇到了新的困难.以目前人类对猪瘟的认识水平,尚难以从分子水平解释这一新变化的成因,这是因为对猪瘟病毒致病机理及其分子基础的认识深度不够.就此,文章综述了猪瘟及猪瘟病毒研究进展,主要涉及CSFV生物学特性、致病机制及其防控,希望能为猪瘟防控提供新的思路和对策.     

泉州市洛江区猪瘟抗体水平检测效果分析

结合实验室每年的检测工作,2013-2014年对洛江区辖区内20个生猪规模养殖场和89个散养户的856份猪血清进行猪瘟疫苗免疫抗体检测。结果表明:洛江区猪瘟疫苗免疫抗体合格率呈现上升趋势,规模场猪瘟疫苗免疫抗体合格率明显高于散养户,免疫2次的抗体合格率明显高于1次。抗体检测工作的开展,对制定科学合理的免疫程序,有效防控猪瘟疫情的发生发挥了积极的作用。     

猪瘟病毒荧光定量RT—PCR检测方法的建立及其初步应用

针对CSFV基因组5＇端非编码区序列设计并合成了高度特异的一对引物和一条探针,用于猪瘟病毒实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立。将提取的病毒的总RNA做为模板进行反转录和PCR,将PCR产物克隆到pMDl8-T载体后进行大肠杆菌转化,提取阳性质粒做为标准品绘制标准曲线,成功地建立了特异性检测CSFV的荧光定量RT-PCR方...     

猪全血溶血对猪瘟抗体检测的影响

为研究猪全血溶血是否对猪瘟抗体效价产生影响,在明溪县某规模养殖场选择注射过2次猪瘟疫苗的肉猪20头,抽取全血各2份,共40份,相同条件保存,使其中1份溶血。将进行溶血处理和未处理的全血离心出的血清进行物理性状观察和ELISA检测,并对检测的OD值进行比较分析。结果发现,是否溶血对ELISA检测的OD值无统计学差异,表明短期内只要保存得当,是否溶血不会造成猪瘟抗体效价的显著降低。     

种猪场猪瘟和伪狂犬病净化策略浅析

猪瘟和伪狂犬病作为两种不同类别的重要动物疫病在我国种猪场仍普遍存在,直接或间接影响着种猪行业的健康发展。近年来,随着猪瘟和伪狂犬病的综合防控措施及诊断技术的不断突破与革新,为猪瘟和伪狂犬病的净化工作奠定了基础,同时两病净化作为一项重要项目前已被列入国家中长期动物疫病防治规划。本文结合监测技术同疫病防控,旨为种猪场猪瘟和伪狂犬病的净化提供相适应的技术路线。     

河源某猪场两种猪瘟疫苗田间免疫效果对比试验

通过在河源某猪场,对不同厂家两种猪瘟疫苗单独使用及混合使用后的的免疫效果对比,得出以下结论：首免和二免均使用猪瘟传代细胞苗免疫的效果最好;首免使用猪瘟脾淋苗,二免使用猪瘟传代细胞苗免疫的效果次之;首免和二免均使用脾淋苗免疫的效果最差。     

Laboratory decision-making during the classical swine fever epidemic of 1997-1998 in The Netherlands

The National Reference Laboratory for classical swine fever (CSF) virus in the Netherlands examined more than two million samples for CSF virus or serum antibody during the CSF epizootic of 1997–1998. The immense amount of samples and the prevalence of border disease (BD) virus and bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) virus infections in Dutch pig herds necessitated the diagnostic efforts of the laboratory to be focused on generating CSF specific test results throughout the eradication campaign.

Detection of 82% of the 429 outbreaks was achieved through the combined use of a direct immunofluorescence and peroxidase assay (FAT/IPA) with samples (tonsils) collected from clinically-suspected pigs. This suggests that in the majority of the outbreaks, the pigs had clinical signs that were recognised by the farmer and/or veterinarians, indicating the presence of CSF virus in a pig herd. A positive diagnosis of 74% of all the tissue samples (tonsils) collected at infected pig holdings was established by FAT. More than 140,000 heparinised blood samples were examined by virus isolation, resulting in the detection of 4.5% of the infected herds. CSF virus was isolated in approximately 29% of all the blood samples collected from pigs at infected or suspected farms.

Several serological surveys — each done within a different framework — led to the detection of 13.5% of the total number of outbreaks. The detection of CSF virus antibody in serum was carried out by semi-automated blocking ELISA. Approximately 28.5% of the sera which reacted in the ELISA were classified as CSF virus-neutralising antibody positive and 26.5% as positive for other pestiviruses following the virus neutralisation test (VNT).

We concluded that two of the CSF laboratory diagnostic methods described were determinative in the eradication campaign: first, the FAT for the screening of diseased pigs; and second, the ELISA and VNT when millions of predominantly healthy pigs needed to be screened for the presence of CSF serum antibody. Decision-making on the basis of results generated by either method can, however, be seriously hindered when samples are examined from pig herds with a high prevalence of non-CSF pestiviruses.     

Generation and efficacy evaluation of a recombinant adenovirus expressing the E2 protein of classical swine fever virus

Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is the causative agent of classical swine fever (CSF), which causes significant economic losses to the pig industry worldwide. The E2 glycoprotein of CSFV is the main target for neutralizing antibodies. This study was aimed to develop a recombinant human adenovirus type 5 expressing the CSFV E2 gene (rAdV-E2) and evaluate its efficacy in rabbits and pigs. The results showed that the rabbits and the pigs immunized with the rAdV-E2 developed high-level CSFV-specific neutralizing antibodies. The rAdV-E2-immunized rabbits were protected from fever induced by infection with C-strain, which is pathogenic to the rabbit, and the rAdV-E2-immunized pigs were protected from lethal challenge with highly virulent Shimen strain. This indicates that the recombinant adenovirus can be an attractive candidate vaccine for preventing CSF.     

Comparing the epidemiological and economic effects of control strategies against classical swine fever in Denmark

In 2006, total Danish pork exports were valued at €3.8 billion, corresponding to approximately 5% of the total Danish exports, and an outbreak of a notifiable disease would have dramatic consequences for the agricultural sector in Denmark. Several outbreaks of classical swine fever (CSF) have occurred in Europe within the last decade, and different control strategies have been suggested. The objective of this study was to simulate the epidemiological and economic consequences of such control strategies in a CSF epidemic under Danish conditions with respect to herd demographics and geography and to investigate the effect of extra biosecurity measures on farms. We used InterSpread Plus to model the effect of nine different control strategies: the minimum measures required by the EU plus depopulation of contact herds (EUplus), extra depopulation of neighbouring herds, extra surveillance within the protection and surveillance zones, extra biosecurity in SPF herds—or in all herds, vaccination of all pigs in the 1 or 2 km zones using live vaccine as a protective measure (vaccination-to-kill), vaccination of all weaners and finishers in the 1 or 2 km zones using an E2 marker vaccine as a suppressive measure (vaccination-to-live). Each epidemic was simulated to start in four different index herds: production herds located in low, medium and high pig density areas, respectively; and a nucleus herd in an area of high pig density. For each control strategy and index case, we calculated the size and duration of the epidemic, the number of depopulated and/or vaccinated herds and animals, the control costs borne by the public and the pig industry, respectively, as well as the loss of exports associated with the epidemic.The simulations showed that the EUplus strategy is the most effective of the evaluated strategies with respect to limiting the size, duration and cost of the epidemic, regardless of the index case. However, regarding the number of slaughtered animals, the vaccination-to-live strategies appeared to be more effective.Epidemics become larger and last longer if the index case is a nucleus herd. This implies that biosecurity in nucleus herds is extremely important to avoid transmission of CSF to these herds.Simulations showed that a Danish CSF epidemic will be moderate in most cases and will include fewer than 10 cases and last less than 2 weeks on average. However, for some iterations, long-lasting and large epidemics were observed. Irrespective of the size and duration, an epidemic is expected to be very costly due to the export losses.