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1.
本试验旨在建立一种测定棉籽粕中游离棉酚含量的高效液相色谱(hPLC)法的优化方法.试验采用丙酮提取棉籽粕样品,经超声、离心、抽滤、旋转蒸发处理,用乙腈-0.2%磷酸(体积比为85∶15)溶液溶解;色谱条件为:色谱柱Agilent TC-C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.2%磷酸(体积比为85∶15)溶液,流速1.0mL/min,紫外检测波长235nm,进样量20μL,柱温25℃.结果得出,游离棉酚的回归标准曲线为y=189347x+24969(r=0.99999),在游离棉酚含量为0.1224~78.336 μg/mL范围内线性良好,最低定量限为0.52mg/kg;棉籽粕样品36h内4℃稳定性的相对标准偏差在1.51%~3.43%;平均回收率在94.72%~99.49%,相对标准偏差在1.72%~3.13%.可知,本方法稳定性好,准确度、灵敏度和回收率高.  相似文献   

2.
本试验通过制备棉籽饼粉脱毒饲料产品,采用感官鉴定法观察其物理性状,采用国标法测定其棉酚含量,采用凯氏定氮法测定其粗蛋白质含量,并通过肉鸭饲喂试验探讨其在肉鸭饲养过程中的应用效果.结果表明,脱毒后的棉籽饼粉中棉酚残存量不足10 mg/kg,与原始饼粕相比,粗蛋白质含量提高了4.35%,其颜色明显变浅,饼粕质地松软,硬度小,无硬块,无异臭,符合安全标准.经肉鸭饲喂试验发现,与对照组肉鸭相比,用制备的棉籽饼粉脱毒饲料代替常规饲料饲喂肉鸭其生长发育、器官发育、血液指标、饲料中营养成分利用情况均未发现异常,未发现棉酚中毒现象,说明脱毒后的棉籽饼粉饲料中棉酚含量符合饲用安全标准,达到脱毒目的.  相似文献   

3.
    
Gossypol is a toxic polyphenolic compound produced by the pigment glands of the cotton plant. The free gossypol content of cottonseed meal (CSM) is commonly determined by the American Oil Chemists’ Society (AOCS) wet chemistry method. The AOCS method, however, is laboratory-intensive, time-consuming, and therefore, not practical for quick field analyses. To determine if the free gossypol content of CSM could be predicted by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS), CSM samples were collected from all over the world. All CSM samples were ground and a portion of each analyzed for free gossypol by the AOCS procedure (reference data) and by NIRS (reflectance data). Both reflectance and reference data were combined in a calibration. The coefficient of determination (r2) and standard error of prediction (SEP) were used to assess the calibration accuracy. The r2 was 0.728, and the SEP was 0.034 for the initial calibration that included samples from all over the world. However, the r2 and SEP improved to 0.921 and 0.014, respectively, if the calibration was made using CSM samples only from the United States. These results indicate that a general prediction equation can be developed to predict the free gossypol content of CSM by NIRS. From a practical standpoint, NIRS technology provides a method for quickly assessing whether a particular batch of CSM has a free gossypol content low enough to be suitable for use in poultry diets.  相似文献   

4.
棉籽粕是一种非常有价值的蛋白质饲料,棉籽粕的有效脱毒可以提高饲料利用率。本试验建立了一种快速、准确测定棉籽粕游离棉酚的HPLC方法,并采用不同的脱毒方式对棉籽粕中的游离棉酚进行降解,筛选最优脱毒方法。结果显示:(1)HPLC法测定棉籽粕中棉酚含量,棉酚色谱峰出峰稳定性良好、分离效果好、峰型理想、灵敏度高,可以高效的检测棉酚含量;(2)不同处理方法对棉籽粕脱毒效果不同,棉酚脱毒率大小排序为:微生物法>硫酸亚铁法>尿素法>高温高压法。最优的方法为微生物法,酵母菌发酵48 h后的发酵棉籽粕棉酚降解率高达93.86%;化学法(硫酸亚铁法和尿素法)脱毒率为53.64%~78.18%,物理法(高温高压)脱毒率最低,为41.00%。  相似文献   

5.
棉籽饼和棉籽壳对育肥羊尿结石发病率的影响   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
新疆某肉羊育肥场2007年春季因棉籽壳喂量过大,引起1岁龄育肥羊尿石病群发,经病原学与病理学诊断为因棉酚慢性中毒而导致尿路感染形成磷酸铵镁结石。经调整饲料配方后,病情得到控制。  相似文献   

6.
    
Due to its low nutrient density, cottonseed meal (CSM) may be a potential alternative feed ingredient for soybean meal (SBM) in broiler breeder pullet diets to improve flock BW uniformity. A major concern when utilizing CSM in poultry diets, however, is the presence of gossypol. It was determined in an initial experiment that when broiler breeder hens are fed a diet containing CSM, gossypol accumulates in the liver. When CSM is removed from the diet, however, hepatic gossypol levels dissipate within a few weeks. In a subsequent study, in order to achieve the breeder guideline ideal weight, broiler breeder pullets reared with a diet containing CSM from 2 to 18 wk of age had to be fed a larger amount than birds consuming a standard SBM diet. The CV of bird weight was significantly lower during the rearing period for birds reared with the corn and CSM diet. This difference in uniformity was maintained as the hens entered the breeding period. Egg weight, hatchability, and fertility were equivalent for hens reared with a diet containing CSM and those reared with a standard diet throughout the growing period. The results suggest that broiler breeder pullets reared on a diet containing CSM as the major protein source have improved flock BW uniformity and normal subsequent reproductive performance.  相似文献   

7.
以初始平均体重为(7.01±0.05)g的青鱼为研究对象,配制5种等氮等能的试验饲料,以含40%豆粕的饲料作为豆粕对照饲料,含41%棉籽粕的饲料作为高棉籽粕饲料,并在高棉籽粕饲料中分别用0.342%的晶体赖氨酸(有效含量79%)、0.115%的七水硫酸亚铁以及0.342%的晶体赖氨酸+0.115%的七水硫酸亚铁等量替代面粉,以研究高棉籽粕饲料中补充赖氨酸和铁对青鱼幼鱼生长、免疫力及组织中游离棉酚含量的影响。每组设3个重复,每个重复30尾,试验期为8周。结果表明:与豆粕对照组相比,高棉籽粕组青鱼的特定生长率、血液红细胞数量以及血清补体4含量和总超氧化物歧化酶、溶菌酶活力均显著降低(P<0.05),血清谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活力显著升高(P<0.05),同时肝脏游离棉酚累积,但在高棉籽粕饲料中同时补充铁与赖氨酸可显著提高青鱼的特定生长率和血液红细胞数量(P<0.05),并与豆粕对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。此外,高棉籽粕饲料中补充铁可显著提高青鱼血清补体4含量(P<0.05),补充赖氨酸或铁可显著提高血清溶菌酶活力(P<0.05)并显著降低血清谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活力(P<0.05),且单一补充铁时血清谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活力与豆粕对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。高棉籽粕饲料中补充铁可显著降低肌肉和肝脏中游离棉酚含量(P<0.05),补充赖氨酸可显著升高血清中总超氧化物歧化酶活力(P<0.05)。由结果可知,高棉籽粕饲料中补充铁和赖氨酸能促进青鱼幼鱼的生长,提高机体免疫力,降低肌肉和肝脏中游离棉酚含量,同时补充铁和赖氨酸效果更明显。  相似文献   

8.
棉籽饼饲料中棉酚生殖毒性的研究进展   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
棉籽饼作为一种优质、廉价的动物饲料蛋白得到广泛的应用。但是,棉籽饼中含有的棉酚在一定程度上限制了其使用量。动物长期采食含有棉酚的饲料易引起生殖毒性。对棉酚的理化性质、限量使用及其对动物生殖毒性的研究现状进行了综述。  相似文献   

9.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加全棉籽对奶牛生产性能及血清生化指标影响.试验采用4×4拉丁方设计,选择8头泌乳早期的经产中国荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为4组,每组2个重复,每个重复1头牛.A组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮;B、C和D组分别饲喂含5%、10%和15%全棉籽的试验饲粮.共进行4期试验,每期试验28 d,其中预试期7d,正试期21 d.结果表明:1)随着全棉籽比例的增加,奶牛产奶量有提高趋势,奶牛的乳脂率和4%标准乳产量显著提高(P<0.01),但全棉籽对乳蛋白率、乳糖率和乳非脂固形物率无显著影响(P>0.05).2)全棉籽对粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率无显著影响(P>0.05),但含有全棉籽饲粮的中性洗涤纤维的表观消化率均高于对照组(P<0.05),其中C组比对照组提高了8.4%(P<0.05).3)全棉籽对奶牛血清中白蛋白、血糖含量无显著影响(P>0.05),对血清胆固醇和尿素氮含量影响显著(P<0.05).C组奶牛血清中胆固醇含量显著低于其他各组(P<0.01).B、C组的血清尿素氮含量显著低于对照组和D组.4)随着饲粮中全棉籽比例的提高,血清和乳中游离棉酚含量也显著提高(P<0.01),乳中游离棉酚含量在各试验组间差异不显著(P>0.05).结果提示,全棉籽在奶牛泌乳早期饲粮中的最适添加量为10%.  相似文献   

10.
棉籽粕化学脱除棉酚的试验研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本试验旨在探讨棉籽粕化学脱毒的最佳方法。试验1,通过研究不同水分、温度和作用时间对棉酚脱毒率的影响,确定棉籽粕的脱毒作用最佳水热条件。结果发现,在60~100℃、水分8%~16%和时间20 min~8 h条件范围内,随着温度、水分添加量、作用时间增加,棉籽粕脱毒率越高。试验2,比较10种常见单一化学脱毒剂的脱毒效果。研究发现,硫酸亚铁(Fe SO_4)、硫酸铜(Cu SO_4)和双氧水(H_2O_2)脱毒效果较佳,脱毒率均达到40%以上,然而,Fe SO_4脱毒棉籽粕颜色发黑并带有铁锈味,故Cu SO_4和H_2O_2为较优的单一棉酚脱毒剂。试验3,将Cu SO_4和H_2O_2制成混合脱毒剂,研究其最佳反应条件,并验证其脱毒效果。结果发现,80℃、16%脱毒剂添加量和烘1 h为最佳脱毒条件,且此混合脱毒剂的游离棉酚和结合棉酚的脱毒率均在84%以上;虽然脱毒后脱毒棉籽粕粗蛋白质含量稍微降低(P0.05),但粗蛋白质消化率显著提高(P0.05)。因此,水分、温度、作用时间都是影响棉籽粕化学脱毒的重要因素,在控制好这3个条件的情况下(80℃、16%脱毒剂添加量和密闭烘1 h时间),选用H_2O_2、Cu SO_4配制成一种混合脱毒剂,能有效脱除棉籽粕棉酚并且提高棉籽粕粗蛋白质消化率和仿生消化能,为棉籽粕脱毒加工提供良好的理论和技术支持。  相似文献   

11.
日粮添加棉酚对哈萨克羊水代谢影响的研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
试验选用5只2岁、体重约40 kg的健康雄性哈萨克羊,单笼饲养。试验共4期(每期18 d,共72 d),第1期不添加棉酚,第2、3、4期在混合精料中分别添加984、1353、1722 mg/d棉酚。结果表明,随着棉酚添加量的增加,试验羊的饮水量、排尿量、麦秸采食量、排粪量及粪中含水量无明显变化(P>0.05);抗利尿激素、肾素、皮质酮水平无显著变化(P>0.05),促肾上腺皮质激素、醛固酮水平在前3期呈下降的趋势,第4期与第3期相比显著上升(P<0.05);血清中Na+水平在2、3期明显下降(P<0.05),第4期恢复到第1期水平,血清中Cl-水平呈下降趋势,Ca2+水平也呈下降趋势,在4期试验中K+、无机磷、Mg2+含量无明显变化(P>0.05);尿中Na+、无机磷含量无变化(P>0.05),Cl-含量前3期上升,第4期恢复到第1期水平,K+、Mg2+、Ca2+含量第4期较前3期均显著下降(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

12.
棉籽壳作为绵羊饲料营养特性的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
通过消化代谢试验研究绵羊对棉籽壳(含仁棉籽壳、无仁棉籽壳)和粉碎玉米秸秆的自由采食量和表观消化率,旨在对棉籽壳的营养价值和消化特点进行评价.试验选择12只成年新疆美利奴公羊,随机分为2组(n=6),在饲喂300 g/(只·d)混合精料的基础上分别喂给400(试验1组)、800(试验2组)g/(只·d)无仁棉籽壳,用差数法测定绵羊对棉籽壳的表观消化率.另外,选择18只成年新疆美利奴公羊,随机分为3组(n=6),在饲喂300 g/(只·d)混合精料的基础上,分别自由采食含仁棉籽壳(试验3组)、无仁棉籽壳(试验4组)和粉碎玉米秸秆(试验5组),研究绵羊对其的消化代谢情况.结果表明,绵羊对无仁棉籽壳干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质、纤维素、半纤维素和能量的表观消化率分别为46.71%、47.37%、-53.40%、66.60%、62.48%和42.59%.饲喂含仁棉籽壳、无仁棉籽壳和粉碎玉米秸秆时,饲喂含仁和无仁棉籽壳组的干物质、有机物、纤维素、半纤维素、能量和钙等的采食量均无明显差异(P> 0.05),但采食含仁棉籽壳组粗蛋白质和磷的采食量极显著高于无仁棉籽壳组(P< 0.01),木质素采食量极显著低于无仁棉籽壳组(P< 0.01).饲喂含仁棉籽壳日粮和无仁棉籽壳日粮绵羊间干物质、有机物和能量的表观消化率均无明显差异(P> 0.05),但无仁棉籽壳组绵羊的纤维素和半纤维素的表观消化率却分别显著和极显著高于含仁棉籽壳组(P< 0.05;P< 0.05),含仁棉籽壳组粗蛋白质的表观消化率极显著高于无仁棉籽壳组(P< 0.01);饲喂玉米秸秆时绵羊的干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质、纤维素和能量的表观消化率均极显著高于饲喂含仁或无仁棉籽壳的绵羊(P< 0.01),但钙和磷的表观消化率却低于饲喂棉籽壳的绵羊(P> 0.05).饲喂含仁棉籽壳日粮绵羊的氮摄入量和氮保留率极显著高于无仁棉籽壳日粮绵羊(P< 0.01);饲喂玉米秸秆日粮绵羊和饲喂无仁棉籽壳绵羊在氮保留上无明显差异(P> 0.05).因此,棉籽壳是一种特殊的粗饲料,绵羊对其采食量大,纤维素类物质和能量的消化率较高,但存在着严重的蛋白质消化障碍;无仁棉籽壳日粮与玉米秸秆日粮的营养价值基本相当,但绵羊对无仁棉籽壳日粮的氮消化率较低.  相似文献   

13.
    
Three hundred and sixty Hy‐Line Brown hens, 40 week of age, were allocated to five treatments, each of which included four replicates of 18 hens. After an expanded process of cottonseed meal (CSM), free gossypol content in CSM was decreased from 1.24 to 0.40 g/kg. The dietary treatments were corn‐soybean meal based diets including 6% CSM and 6%, 8% and 10% expanded cottonseed meal (ECSM). Hens fed 8% ECSM had higher (P < 0.05) laying rate and average egg weight than those fed 6% CSM. The albumen height and Haugh unit in the control group, 6% and 8% ECSM groups were superior (P < 0.05) to other treatments. Hens fed 6% CSM resulted in severe (P < 0.05) egg yolk discoloration. Free gossypol (FG) concentrations in yolk and albumen and tissues of the 6% CSM group were greater (P < 0.05) than those in any ECSM treatments. Hens fed 6% CSM and 10% ECSM had the highest (P < 0.05) FG concentrations in the liver compared with those in the kidney and muscle, and higher (P < 0.05) FG residues in yolk than those in albumen. In conclusion, FG in CSM can be reduced by 68% through an expanded process and ECSM can be available in laying hens at up to 10% of the total diet and an appropriate replacement of soybean meal with ECSM may improve performance in laying hens.  相似文献   

14.
    
In this paper through digestive and metabolic experiments studied the voluntary intake and apparent digestibility of cottonseed hulls (kernel-contained CH,kernel-free CH) and cornstalk on sheep to evaluate the nutrition value and digestion characteristics of cottonseed hulls.12 of adult Xinjiang merino rams were selected and divided into two groups (n=6 each group),and on the basis of 300 g/(head·day) of mixed concentrate,fed with kernel-free CH by 400 (group 1) or 800 (group 2) g/(head·day) respectively,to estimate the digestibility of CH by difference method;As well,another 18 of adult Xinjiang merino rams were selected and divided into three groups (n=6 each group),and on the basis of 300 g/(head·day) of mixed concentrate,cafeteria feeding with kernel-contained CH (group 3),kernel-free CH (group 4) or ground cornstalks (group 5) respectively,to study the effects of three diets on the voluntary intake,digestion and metabolism of sheep.The results showed that the apparent digestibility of the DM,OM,CP,cellulose,hemicellulose and energy of kernel-free CH by sheep were 46.71%,47.37%,-53.40%,66.60%,62.48% and 42.59%,respectively.There were no significant differences in the intake of DM,OM,cellulose,hemicellulose,energy and Ca between kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P> 0.05);Intake of CP and P in kernel-contained CH group were extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01);Intake of lignin in kernel-contained CH group was extremely significantly lower than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01).There were no significant differences in the apparent digestibility of DM,OM and energy between kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P> 0.05).The apparent digestibility of cellulose and hemicellulose in kernel-free CH group were significantly and extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-contained CH group (P< 0.05;P< 0.01),respectively.The apparent digestibility of CP in kernel-contained CH group was extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01).The apparent digestibility of DM,OM,CP,cellulose and energy in ground cornstalks group were extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P< 0.01),however,the apparent digestibility of Ca and P were lower than that in kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P> 0.05).Intake and retention of nitrogen in kernel-contained CH group were extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01);The was no significant difference in the retention of nitrogen between kernel-free diet group and cornstalk diet group (P> 0.05).It was concluded that CH was a kind of special forage with larger intake,higher digestibility on the fiber substances and energy,but with a serious obstruction on protein digestion;The nutritional value between kernel-free diet and cornstalk diet was almost equal,and with lower nitrogen digestibility on kernel-free diet.  相似文献   

15.
高效降解游离棉酚并改善棉籽粕营养品质的菌株筛选   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本试验旨在利用枯草芽孢杆菌和植物乳酸菌发酵棉籽粕,研究其对棉籽粕中游离棉酚降解率的影响,并对发酵前后棉籽粕的营养品质指标如活菌数、中性蛋白酶活性、酸溶蛋白质含量、pH、游离棉酚含量等进行比较。结果发现:可高效降解棉籽粕中游离棉酚的枯草芽孢杆菌菌株为BLCC1-0039,可有效改善发酵风味的植物乳酸菌菌株为BLCC2-0092。综合上述2株益生菌的优点,筛选出最优复配发酵方式为植物乳酸菌BLCC2-0092与枯草芽孢杆菌BLCC1-0039按照1∶1比例接种,37℃需氧发酵24h再厌氧发酵。与空白对照组相比,最优复配发酵组各发酵阶段发酵棉籽粕的pH显著降低(P0.05),厌氧发酵72h时pH降至5.27;酸溶蛋白质含量显著提高(P0.05),厌氧发酵72h时酸溶蛋白质含量达到23.54%;游离棉酚含量显著降低(P0.05),需氧发酵24h时游离棉酚降解率达到52.12%,厌氧发酵72h时游离棉酚降解率达到61.58%。由此可知,植物乳酸菌BLCC2-0092与枯草芽孢杆菌BLCC1-0039复配发酵可有效降低发酵棉籽粕中的游离棉酚含量并改善其营养品质。  相似文献   

16.
文章以枯草芽孢杆菌属、酵母菌属和乳酸菌属的6株菌为出发菌株,通过单因素试验和正交试验,确定了6株菌复合培养的最佳培养基配方为:糖蜜40 g/l、蛋白胨10 g/l、葡萄糖1 g/l、磷酸氢二钾0.5 g/l;并对复合菌固态发酵棉籽粕工艺条件进行了研究,确定了复合菌固态发酵棉籽粕的最适工艺条件为:料水比1:0.8,接种量为3%,发酵温度为30℃p,H值自然,发酵时间为48 h。在以上条件下,棉籽粕经过复合菌固态发酵后,物料的pH值降低到4.5以下,有益菌总数达到6.2×108 cfu/g,粗蛋白含量提高了1.76%,游离棉酚含量从618.52 mg/kg降低到274.16 mg/kg,降低了55.7%。  相似文献   

17.
蒸汽爆破技术对棉籽粕中游离棉酚脱毒效果研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本试验旨在研究蒸汽爆破技术对棉籽粕中游离棉酚的脱毒效果。采用市售棉籽粕,对其进行7种不同的蒸汽爆破处理,蒸汽压强均固定为2.0 MPa,以水料比为0时进行维压30 s的蒸汽爆破处理为对照,水料比为30%、50%时分别进行维压10、20、30 s的爆破处理,每处理重复3次,以游离棉酚含量、蛋白质溶解度为指标,筛选出较佳的处理测定氨基酸含量和营养物质猪仿生消化率数据。结果表明:固定蒸汽压强时,游离棉酚的脱毒率与蛋白质溶解度随着蒸汽维压时间延长而增加,随着水料比的增加先增大后减少。以游离棉酚的脱毒效果与蛋白质溶解度为指标,筛选出的适宜蒸汽爆破处理为蒸汽压强2.0 MPa,水料比30%,维压时间30 s。此时棉籽粕中游离棉酚含量达85.0 mg/kg,脱毒率达87.0%,蛋白质溶解度为42.3%。与对照组相比,蒸汽爆破可极显著降低棉籽粕中赖氨酸含量和精氨酸含量(P0.01),对体外干物质消化率和总能消化率无显著影响(P0.05),极显著降低体外粗蛋白质消化率和赖氨酸消化率(P0.01)。由此可见,蒸汽爆破处理可降低棉籽粕游离棉酚含量、蛋白质溶解度、赖氨酸含量、精氨酸含量、体外粗蛋白质消化率和赖氨酸消化率。筛选出的适宜蒸汽爆破处理为蒸汽压强2.0 MPa,水料比30%,维压时间30 s。  相似文献   

18.
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of including cottonseed cake in rations for weaned growing pigs. Thirty-two Landrace x Large White pigs, weighing 20-24 kg, were included in four blocks formed on the basis of initial weight within sex in an otherwise completely randomized block design. The pigs were killed when they reached a live weight of 75.0 +/- 2.0 kg and the half carcases were analysed into cuts and the weights of the organs were recorded. An estimate of the productivity of the pigs on each diet was calculated. Cottonseed cake reduced the voluntary feed intake (p < 0.001) and live weight gains p < 0.001) and increased the heart, kidney and liver weights (p < 0.01). The pigs on the soya bean-based control diet took the shortest time to reach slaughter weight. The result was probably in part due to lysine deficiency and in part to the effect of free gossypol. It was found that it is at present cost-effective to include cottonseed cake in pig weaner-grower diets up to 300 g/kg in Cameroon.  相似文献   

19.
本试验旨在研究添加醋酸棉酚后绵羊瘤胃微生物数量、瘤胃液代谢指标、水解酶活性的变化,探究醋酸棉酚对绵羊瘤胃微生物数量及消化代谢的影响。试验选用8只3岁左右、平均体重为(49.13±4.70)kg的健康哈萨克羊,安装永久性瘤胃瘘管后随机分为2组(每组4只),分别为对照组和试验组,试验分为2期,每期25 d。所有羊只饲喂同一营养水平粉状精料,每只羊每天粉状精料饲喂量为体重的1.50%,小麦秸秆及苜蓿为体重的1.00%,玉米青贮为体重的0.05%(干物质基础),混合饲喂,自由饮水;在此基础上,试验Ⅰ期试验组饲粮每天每只添加600 mg醋酸棉酚,试验Ⅱ期饲粮每天每只添加1 200 mg醋酸棉酚。结果表明:添加醋酸棉酚对绵羊瘤胃液pH及细菌总数量无显著影响(P>0.05),饲喂前(即0h)试验组绵羊瘤胃液氨态氮浓度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),饲喂后6.0、9.0、12.0 h,试验组绵羊瘤胃液挥发性脂肪酸浓度显著低于对照组(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ期各时间点试验组绵羊瘤胃原虫总数量极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),饲喂后3.0h,试验组绵羊瘤胃液纤维素酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),饲喂后9.0、12.0 h,试验组绵羊瘤胃液蛋白酶活性极显著低于对照组(P<0.01);试验Ⅱ期,饲喂后6.0 h,试验组绵羊瘤胃液蛋白酶活性显著低于对照组(P<0.05),饲喂后12.0h极显著低于对照组(P<0.01);添加醋酸棉酚后瘤胃液中棉酚的浓度在饲喂后1.5、3.0 h最高。综上,醋酸棉酚在初期摄入后显著降低绵羊瘤胃原虫数量;醋酸棉酚通过抑制绵羊瘤胃液蛋白酶活性,降低瘤胃液中戊酸、异戊酸及异丁酸的浓度而对瘤胃内蛋白质消化代谢产生影响,这种作用主要发生在摄入醋酸棉酚6.0 h后;醋酸棉酚对绵羊瘤胃液中的纤维素酶、淀粉酶的活性整体没有显著影响。  相似文献   

20.
两种游离棉酚检测方法对常规棉粕检测的比较   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
主要针对常规棉籽粕(游离棉酚含量200~1000mg/kg)中游离棉酚含量的检测,用美国油化学家学会官方方法AOCSBa7-58和国标GB13086方法作对比检测,以比较2种方法的差异和对结果的影响。参照AOCSBa7-58制定标准曲线,计算换算因子F1,AOCSBa7-58和GB13086的回收率检验,并选择3种游离棉酚含量梯度的常规棉粕测定游离棉酚含量。AOCSBa7-58标准曲线换算因子F1=0.370,R2=0.999,回收率101.14%,RSD=2.56;GB13086质量吸收系数,游离棉酚为62.5L/(cm·g),回收率104.98%,RSD=9.85。结果表明,AOCSBa7-58对棉酚及其衍生物的提取充分,检测结果稳定,重复性好;而GB13086对棉酚及其衍生物的提取不稳定,时高时低,造成检测结果的不稳定性,重复性差。建议饲料行业应由AOCSBa7-58代替GB13086检测棉粕及饲料中游离棉酚含量,更能体现棉粕及饲料中棉毒素的含量。  相似文献   

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