鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒TaqMan real-time PCR检测方法的建立

为建立鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒(ILTV)TaqMan Real-time PCR检测方法,本研究根据GenBank中登录的ILTV gB基因序列设计了2对引物与一条特异性TaqMan探针,通过对反应体系和反应条件的优化,特异性、敏感性以及重复性试验,证明该方法在核酸含量108拷贝/μL～101拷贝/μL范围内具有良好的线性关系;能够检测初始模板中10-3EID50的病毒核酸及16拷贝的标准品;与其它相关的鸡源病毒均无交叉反应,并且批内、批间变异系数均小于2%,具有良好的重复性。该检测方法的建立为ILTV的临床检测和定量分析提供了一种快速、准确的技术手段。     

实时荧光定量TaqMan-PCR检测鸭瘟病毒方法的建立

根据GenBank中鸭瘟病毒UL6和UL7基因的序列,设计了一对特异性引物及TaqMan探针,扩增位于UL6和UL7基因第891￣991位长度为101bp片段。以DPV标准强株DNA为模板,建立了实时荧光定量PCR检测鸭瘟病毒的方法。该方法只能在鸭瘟病毒DNA样本中检出荧光信号,最小检出量为1.57×102copies(23.7fg);线性范围达8个数量级;平行复管检测,组内变异系数为0.84%(n=20),同一组样本(n=6)间隔30d重复检测,结果无显著性差异;对试验感染鸭肝脏和脑组织中鸭瘟病毒的检出率为100%(40/40),对临床病例的检测结果与病毒分离鉴定结果一致;从核酸提取到报告检测结果仅需3h;对鸭正常组织、鸡传染性喉气管炎病毒、鸭病毒性肝炎病毒、鸡源大肠杆菌、鸭源多杀性巴氏杆菌、鸭副伤寒沙门氏菌等非鸭瘟病毒DNA检测,不出现非特异性荧光信号。     

实时荧光定量PCR快速检测鸭病毒性肠炎标准方法的建立

根据GenBank(登录号:EF417996)中鸭病毒性肠炎病毒U31基因的序列,设计了1对特异性引物及TaqMan探针,扩增片段长度为76 bp.以鸭病毒性肠炎弱毒疫苗株DNA为阳性标准品模板,建立了实时荧光定量PCR检测鸭病毒性肠炎病毒的方法.该方法能在鸭病毒性肠炎病毒DNA样本中检出荧光信号,定量范围为:2.1×109～2.1×100个拷贝数,最小检出量为2.1×100个拷贝;用该方法对人工感染试验的4只鸭组织器官、粪便、血液等样品重复测定3次,病毒模板DNA的检出率为100%,对鸭正常组织、巴氏杆菌、大肠杆菌、沙门菌和鸭病毒性肝炎、鹅源禽流感H5毒株、新城疫、小鹅瘟病毒等DNA检测不出现特异性荧光信号.经过重复性和实际临床样本检验证实,该方法真实可靠,而且从核酸提取到报告检测结果耗时不超过4 h,不仅实现了对鸭病毒性肠炎的快速诊断,也实现了对该病毒DNA由定性到定量的检测.     

Quantitative real-time PCR assays for the concurrent diagnosis of infectious laryngotracheitis virus,Newcastle disease virus and avian metapneumovirus in poultry

Newcastle disease (ND), infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) and avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) can be similar making it critical to quickly differentiate them. Herein, we adapted pre-existing molecular-based diagnostic assays for NDV and ILTV, and developed new assays for aMPV A and B, for use under synchronized thermocycling conditions. All assays performed equivalently with linearity over a 5 log₁₀ dynamic range, a reproducible (R² > 0.99) limit of detection of ≥ 10 target copies, and amplification efficiencies between 86.8%–98.2%. Using biological specimens for NDV and ILTV showed 100% specificity. Identical amplification conditions will simplify procedures for detection in diagnostic laboratories.     

检测猪戊型肝炎病毒的荧光定量PCR方法的建立

根据GenBank中猪戊型肝炎病毒的ORF2核苷酸序列的保守区域设计合成一对特异性引物,建立了一套SYBRGreen Ⅰ荧光定量PCR检测猪源戊型肝炎病毒(swHEV)的方法,并评价了该方法的灵敏度、稳定性和特异性,同时与常规的RT-nPCR进行对比分析.结果表明,建立标准曲线的相关系数为0.998,斜率为-3.039,Ct值变异系数(CV)在0.17％～1.41％之间,有良好的稳定性.同时在检测猪群常见病中显示出很好的特异性,并且比RT-nPCR更灵敏,适合于swHEV的检测.     

非洲猪瘟病毒实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立

根据GenBank公布的非洲猪瘟病毒(ASFV)P72基因序列,设计了一对特异性引物和探针,使用含有选定检测序列的重组质粒标准品绘制标准曲线,建立了非洲猪瘟病毒实时荧光定量PCR检测方法。结果表明:该方法的敏感性可达100个拷贝值,具有良好的敏感性和重复性。     

猪博卡病毒G1基因群和猪流行性腹泻病毒双重TaqMan荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立及应用

为建立同时快速定量检测猪博卡病毒(PBoV)G1基因群和猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)的方法,本研究参照GenBank登录的PBoV的NP1基因和PEDV的M基因保守序列,设计了引物和探针,经优化反应条件后,建立了能够同时检测PBoVG1基因群和PEDV的双重TaqMan荧光定量PCR方法。特异性试验结果显示该方法与PCV2、PRV、PDCoV、PRoV和TGEV无交叉反应,敏感性试验结果显示该方法对PBoV、PEDV的质粒标准品检测下限分别为21.8拷贝/μL和31.7拷贝/μL;且组内、组间变异系数均小于4%,重复性好。应用本实验建立的方法对2017年5月~2018年8月,河北省部分地区采集的142份仔猪腹泻样品检测结果显示,PBoVG1阳性率为18.3%(26/142),PEDV阳性率为62.7%(89/142),其中PBoVG1与PEDV共感染率为10.6%(15/142),该方法优于常规PCR方法。本研究建立的双重TaqMan荧光定量PCR方法对PBoV和PEDV的准确检测、病原监测、流行病学调查等均具有重要意义。     

A geographic study of West Nile virus in humans,dead corvids and mosquitoes in Ontario using spatial scan statistics with a survival time application

Surveillance of West Nile virus (WNv) in Ontario has included passive reporting of human cases and testing of trapped mosquitoes and dead birds found by the public. The dead bird surveillance programme was limited to testing within a public health unit (PHU) until a small number of birds test positive. These dead corvid and mosquito surveillance programmes have not been compared for their ability to provide early warning in geographic areas where human cases occur each year. Spatial scan statistics were applied to time‐to‐event survival data based on first cases of WNv in found dead corvids, mosquitoes and humans. Clusters identified using raw data were compared to clusters based on model‐adjusted survival times to evaluate whether geographic and sociodemographic factors influenced their distribution. Statistically significant (p < .05) space–time clusters of PHUs with faster time to detection were found using each surveillance data stream. During 2002–2004, the corvid surveillance programme outperformed the mosquito programme in terms of time to WNv detection, while the clusters of first‐positive mosquito pools were more spatially similar to first human cases. In 2006, a cluster of first‐positive dead corvids was located in northern PHUs and preceded a cluster of early human cases that was identified after controlling for the influence of geographic region and sociodemographic profile.     

Application of a real-time PCR assay for the detection of Ascaris suum DNA in the liver of experimentally infected chickens

This study aimed to evaluate the sampling method for the detection of Ascaris suum larval DNA in chicken livers using real-time PCR. Chickens were inoculated with A. suum eggs of a single dose (Group A) or repeatedly low doses (Group B). White spots (WSs) were continuously observed on liver from day 3 after the last infection in Group B and day 14 in Group A. In Group A, larval DNA was detected in WS lesions (78.6%) at a significantly higher rate than in the remaining tissue samples (31.3%). In conclusion, applying WS lesions to the assay improved the detection rate of A. suum DNA in chicken livers, especially in the case of a single infection.     

禽流感H5、H7、H9亚型多重实时荧光RT-PCR检测试剂盒灵敏性试验

为了确定深圳出入境检验检疫局和深圳太太基因工程有限公司联合研制的禽流感H5、H7、H9亚型多重实时荧光RT-PCR检测试剂盒对H5和H9亚型禽流感的灵敏度，通过测定已知鸡胚半数致死量（ELD50）的标准毒株的进行了定量。利用9～11日龄SPF鸡胚，对深圳出入境检验检疫局保存的H5和H9亚型标准禽流感毒株进行了鸡胚半数致死量（ELD50）的测定，结果为H5亚型禽流感毒株的半数致死量为10^-7.75/0．2mL，H9亚型禽流感毒株的半数致死量为10^-8.5／0．2mL。用所研制的禽流感H5、H7、H9亚型多重实时荧光RT-PCR检测试剂盒对H5和H9亚型标准禽流感毒株原液进行10倍连续稀释，进行实时荧光RT-PCR灵敏度的测定，结果发现：试剂盒检测H5亚型标准禽流感毒株的灵敏度为标准毒株10^-5倍稀释液，该稀释液含有281ELD50病毒量；检测H9亚型标准禽流感毒株的灵敏度为标准毒株10^-8倍稀释液，该稀释液含有15．8ELD50病毒量。同时检测H5和H9时，试剂盒的灵敏度要比单独检测一个亚型时的灵敏度增加一个数量级。本灵敏度已经能够检测到感染鸡的喉拭子和（或）泄殖腔拭子所采集的病毒量，能够满足检验检疫的实际需要。