Amino acid sequences of α-skeletal muscle actin isoforms in two species of rattail fish, Coryphaenoides acrolepis and Coryphaenoides cinereus

SUMMARY: The cDNA clones of α-skeletal actins were isolated from the skeletal muscle of two species of rattail fish, Coryphaenoides acrolepis and Coryphaenoides cinereus . The complete nucleotide sequences of the cDNA and their deduced amino acid sequences were determined. Each of the two species had two α-skeletal actin cDNA. The nucleotide sequences of the coding region of the two α-skeletal actin isoform genes within each species had 92.0 and 91.8% homology. From the cDNA sequences of the four α-skeletal actin isoforms in the two species, amino acid sequences of 377 amino acid residues were deduced. It was predicted that the two N-terminal amino acid residues of each protein are processed after translation. The amino acid sequences of α-skeletal actin 1 in the two Coryphaenoides species were identical, as were the amino acid sequences of α-skeletal actin 2 in the two species. The amino acid sequences of the two α-actin isoforms, α-skeletal actin 1 and α-skeletal actin 2, differed by only a single amino acid, Ala/Ser at the 155th position. Northern blot analysis showed that a similar amount of each of the two α-actin isoform mRNA was expressed in the skeletal muscle of the two Coryphaenoides species.     

奥利亚罗非鱼雌激素β受体两种亚型cDNA的克隆、组织分布及雌激素对其表达的影响

采用RT-PCR和RACE技术,克隆了奥利亚罗非鱼β雌激素受体基因(estrogen receptorβ,ERβ)两种亚型的cDNA全序列(ERβ1和ERβ2)。荧光定量PCR分析雌雄奥利亚罗非鱼两种亚型的组织分布,并观察注射外源雌激素对雄性奥利亚罗非鱼下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴雌激素受体ERα和β(β1/β2)基因表达的影响。序列分析表明,ERβ1cDNA全长为4262bp,其中包含239bp5′非编码区,2349bp3′非编码区和1674bp的开放阅读框,共编码557个氨基酸。ERβ2 cDNA全长为2506bp,包含5′非编码区393bp,3′非编码区109bp,阅读框为2004bp,共编码667个氨基酸。氨基酸序列同源性分析显示奥利亚罗非鱼ERβ1与尼罗罗非鱼的相似性高达99.1%,而与鲈形目其它鱼类的相似性为82.6%～94.2%。ERβ2氨基酸序列与尼罗罗非鱼的相似性为98.7%,与大口黑鲈、虹鳟、底鳉及斑马鱼的相似性分别为81.8%、76.3%、64.7%和55.0%。在系统进化树上奥利亚罗非鱼的ERβ1和ERβ2分别与尼罗罗非鱼的相应受体聚类。奥利亚罗非鱼ERβ1/β2基因在所检测的10种组织中均有...     

尼罗罗非鱼Xbp1-S基因克隆及表达分析

为了了解尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)细胞转录因子Xbp1-S(On Xbp1-S)的基因序列特征及其在无乳链球菌(Streptococcus alactolyticus)应激和在B细胞分化中的作用,应用RACE克隆技术获得的On Xbp1-S基因全长1380 bp,包括开放阅读框ORF为1155 bp,5?端非编码区(5?UTR)长127 bp,3?端非编码区(3'UTR)长98 bp。On Xbp1-S序列分析推测该基因编码384个氨基酸,分子量为41.32 k Da,理论等电点为4.36。同源性分析显示,On Xbp1-S基因与其他鱼类的聚为一支,其中,与南极鳕(Notothenia coriiceps)相似性最高。荧光定量PCR及Western-blot结果显示,On Xbp1-S在各组织中均有表达,m RNA水平上在肝脏中表达量最高,蛋白水平上在胸腺中表达量最高,而在肌肉中表达量最低。无乳链球菌应激后,On Xbp1-S基因在肝脏和脾脏中的表达趋势相似,均在应激期间出现表达量上调,在192 h出现峰值。另外,免疫组化分析发现,On Xbp1-S因子在不同分化程度B细胞亚类中的表达呈现差异,在成熟B细胞中呈现高表达,而在未成熟B细胞中几乎不表达。研究结果表明,On Xbp1-S参与尼罗罗非鱼对无乳链球菌的免疫防御,和在B细胞分化中起作用。本研究将为进一步研究On Xbp1-S因子应答病原菌侵染的机理及促进B细胞分化机制提供理论依据。     

Gonadotropins, gonadotropin receptors and their expressions during sexual maturation in yellowtail, a carangid fish

To study the physiological roles of gonadotropins (GtHs) in the yellowtail, the cDNAs encoding each GtH subunit (GPHα, FSHβ and LHβ) and their receptors (FSHR and LHR) were isolated from the pituitary gland and gonads using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, thyrotropin (TSH) and its receptor (TSHR) cDNAs, were isolated from the pituitary gland, ovary and testis. The changes in the mRNA levels of each subunit were determined at different stages of maturation. The isolated cDNAs of GPHα, FSHβ, LHβ and TSHβ were 662, 545, 595 and 879 bp long, respectively. The amino acid sequence identity of the yellowtail GPHα, FSHβ, LHβ and TSHβ subunits was 85–63, 68–33, 93–65 and 74–46%, respectively, as compared with other fish species. Northern blot analysis showed that GPHα and FSHβ were strongly expressed in pituitary at the early vitellogenic stage and during spermatogenesis, whereas LHβ was expressed significantly in the late vitellogenic stage, and in both spermatogenesis and spermiation. Full-length cDNAs encoding FSHR, LHR, and TSHR were obtained from the testes and ovaries. The FSHR, LHR and TSHR cDNA encoded a protein of 680, 702 and 778 amino acids, and showed the highest identity with tilapia FSHR (76%), tilapia LHR (84%) and striped bass TSHR (94%), respectively. Northern blot analyses indicated that all of these receptors are expressed differently at different stages in the ovaries and testes.     

Expression of HSP70 in response to heat-shock and its cDNA cloning from Mediterranean blue mussel

Expression of HSP70 in response to heat-shock was investigated at the protein and mRNA levels in Mediterranean blue mussel. Western and Northern blot analyses revealed that HSP70 was expressed following heat-shock in the mantle at both protein and mRNA levels, suggesting that gene expression of HSP70 is implicated in the cellular response to heat-shock stress in mussel. It was then attempted to clone HSP70 cDNA in order to determine the primary structure of mussel HSP70. As a result, two full-length cDNA encoding HSP70 were isolated from a cDNA library prepared from the heat-shocked mantle. The isolated cDNA consist of single open reading frames of 2067 bp and 1911 bp which encode proteins of 689 amino acids and 637 amino acids, respectively. Both HSP70 cDNA encode an ATPase do main, and a substrate-binding do main in addition to a Glu-Glu-Val-Asp (EEVD) peptide motif that is specific for cytosolic HSP70. These findings suggest that the cDNA clones obtained in the present study encode cytosolic HSP70.     

Characterization and expression analysis of the transferrin gene in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and its upregulation in response to Streptococcus agalactiae infection

In this study, full-length tilapia transferrin (OnTF) isolated from liver cDNA of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was found to have an open reading frame of 2,091-bp encoding 696 amino acid residues. Two additional amino acids: Gly³⁶⁹ and Gly³⁷⁰ were observed compared with the reported Nile tilapia transferrin protein sequence. Pre-mature protein has a predicted molecular weight of 78.2 kDa, while mature protein is 73.28 kDa in size. Comparative sequence analysis with transferrin from other species revealed two major putative iron-binding domains designated as the N-lobe and the C-lobe in accordance with the transferrin protein characteristics. The predicted tertiary structure of tilapia transferrin confirmed the presence of iron and anion-binding sites on both lobes that are conserved among transferrins from other species. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed significantly higher expression of tilapia transferrin gene in liver than in other tissues (p < 0.05). Transferrin expression in tilapia experimentally infected with 10⁶ and 10⁸ colony-forming units mL^?1 of Streptococcus agalactiae was significantly upregulated at 24 and 12 h post-infection (hpi), respectively, and decreased afterward. Iron-deficiency in serum of bacterially infected fish was detected at 48 and 24 hpi, respectively. The expression pattern of the transferrin gene and the iron levels of infected tilapia in this study were consistent with the function of transferrin in innate immunity.     

多鳞铲颌鱼RPL34基因3’端序列的克隆与表达

采用同源克隆和cDNA末端快速扩增技术,从多鳞铲颌鱼雄生殖腺中首次克隆得到核糖体蛋白L34 3’末端cDNA序列。该3’末端cDNA序列长297bp,预测开放阅读框为162bp,编码53个氨基酸的蛋白质,经BLAST比对,该cDNA序列与斑马鱼、斑点叉尾鱼回、非洲爪蟾、大西洋鲑同源率达到82%～85%。利用实时定量RT-PCR检测核糖体蛋白L34mRNA在多鳞铲颌鱼组织中的表达,以及注射激素后在生殖腺中的表达。研究结果表明,核糖体蛋白L34基因在多鳞铲颌鱼雄生殖腺中特异性表达;核糖体蛋白L34在雌性生殖腺、心、脑、鳃、肠和肌肉中表达量较少,其中在雌性生殖腺表达量最低,雄性生殖腺表达量高于雌性生殖腺、肝、心、脑、鳃、肠、肌肉、脾,差异极显著(P0.01)。在雄性生殖腺注射甲基睾丸酮后,核糖体蛋白L34基因的表达量对照组高于注射组,差异显著(P0.05),在雌性生殖腺注射雌二醇后,核糖体蛋白L34基因表达量对照组高于注射组,差异极显著(P0.01)。     

Immunohistochemical localization of rainbow trout androgen receptors in the testis

SUMMARY: We examined the distribution of two rainbow trout androgen receptors (rtAR: rtAR-α and rtAR-β) in the testis immunohistochemically using a specific antibody to clarify the target cells of androgen in spermatogenesis. Positive rtAR immunoreactivity in paraffin-embedded sections was revealed using microwave treatment, and was detected in the nuclei of Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, and other interstitial cells. The presence of rtAR in Leydig cells suggested that fish androgens regulate Leydig cell activity in an autocrine fashion similar to mammalian androgens. In addition, we found that not all Leydig cells exhibited rtAR immunoreactivity in the mature testis by double staining using anti-3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) antibody. Furthermore, rtAR immunoreactivity was also detected in the nuclei of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatids. The intensity of rtAR immunoreactivity in the nuclei of spermatogonia seemed to be weaker than those of spermatocytes and spermatids. These results suggested that androgens act directly on both germ cells and somatic cells in the regulation of spermatogenesis in the rainbow trout.     

日本沼虾C型凝集素结构域家族3的cDNA克隆、原核表达和定位分析

C型凝集素(C-type lectin)是一类能与糖类结合的非抗体的蛋白质或糖蛋白家族,为了研究C型凝集素基因在日本沼虾组织分布、细胞定位和细菌感染过程中的表达情况,本研究应用cDNA末端快速克隆(rapid-amplification of cDNA ends,RACE)技术首次克隆了日本沼虾C型凝集素结构域家族3基因(MnLec3)的全长序列,通过实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)分析MnLec3基因在不同组织、细菌感染后不同时间的表达水平,Western blot和免疫荧光分别分析蛋白的表达水平和细胞定位。结果显示,MnLec3基因cDNA全长1 357 bp,包括125 bp的5′末端非翻译区(UTR)、1 026 bp的开放阅读框(ORF)和206 bp的3′UTR,其中开放阅读框编码341个氨基酸。氨基酸序列比对显示,日本沼虾MnLec3基因含有保守钙结合点(Met 1-Glu17)和糖识别结构域(CRD)。同源性分析结果显示,MnLec3与罗氏沼虾C型凝集素3相似度较高;邻接法(Neighbor-Joining,NJ)进化树分析结果显示,MnLec3与其他甲壳动物C型凝集素聚为一支。通过构建原核表达载体获得体外重组蛋白rMnLec3,并将纯化重组蛋白免疫大鼠获得抗血清,免疫荧光结果显示,绿色荧光信号主要在肝胰腺细胞核中表达。qRT-PCR结果显示,MnLec3在日本沼虾所检测组织中均表达,其中肝胰腺中表达量最高,血细胞次之;与对照组相比,在嗜水气单胞菌刺激12～48 h时MnLec3表达量显著升高,48 h表达量最高,Western blot分析结果显示,MnLec3蛋白表达丰度与基因表达模式基本相似,提示克隆得到的MnLec3参与日本沼虾抵御细菌入侵的免疫过程。     

Immunological detection of translation products of type V/XI collagen α1 gene and their degradation products in red sea bream muscle

We previously cloned cDNA of type V/XI collagen α1 chain (ColVa1) gene from cultured cells derived from red sea bream embryo. We raised an antibody against the deduced C-telopeptide of ColVa1 in order to detect the translation products of this cDNA and their degradation products in red sea bream muscle. To improve its specificity, the antibody was purified from rabbit antiserum by use of an affinity column cross-linked with recombinant C-terminal peptide of ColVa1 produced by Epicurian coli. The purified antibody recognized a band corresponding to the α chain of type V/XI collagen in western blot analysis of the extract of cultured cells. The antibody also recognized two bands in acid-soluble and pepsin-solubilized collagens, indicating that the translation products of the ColVa1 gene are present in muscle and that bands correspond to α and β chains of type V/XI collagen. A band corresponding to a molecular weight of approximately 65 k was detected in the NaOH extracts of muscle, suggesting that type V/XI collagen α1 chain is restrictedly digested in red sea bream muscle.     

尼罗罗非鱼Smoothened的鉴定、表达模式及在精巢中的作用

为探究Smoothened (Smo)信号在精巢不同细胞增殖与存活中的作用,实验分离鉴定了尼罗罗非鱼smo (命名为Onsmo),检测了其在不同组织中的表达分布及在精巢中的细胞表达模式,在尼罗罗非鱼精巢组织的体外培养体系中,用Smo特异性激动剂SAG或抑制剂环巴胺分别进行处理,EdU掺入法及TUNEL法检测了处理后生殖细胞(Vasa⁺)、Sertoli细胞(Amh⁺)与Leydig细胞(Cyp17a1⁺)增殖或凋亡情况。结果显示,Onsmo开放阅读框全长2 478 bp,编码825个氨基酸,含有7次跨膜结构域,与人SMO氨基酸一致性达77%;Onsmo表达于包括精巢在内的多个组织;在精巢中,Onsmo在多种不同类型细胞表达,包括精原细胞、精母细胞、Sertoli细胞以及Leydig细胞;在精巢组织的体外培养体系中,SAG处理对精原细胞增殖具有显著促进作用,而环巴胺处理对Sertoli细胞、Leydig细胞凋亡具有显著促进作用。研究表明,On Smo信号在尼罗罗非鱼精巢精原细胞增殖与体细胞存活中具有重要作用。该研究首次证实...     

青虾冷休克蛋白Y-box编码基因的cDNA全长克隆与表达分析

为研究冷休克蛋白Y-box基因在青虾应答环境胁迫过程中所起的调控作用,实验应用RACE PCR技术首次克隆了青虾的冷休克蛋白Y-box基因全长c DNA序列,并利用在线软件对其序列特征进行生物信息学分析;采用实时荧光定量PCR技术对其在青虾不同组织及环境胁迫过程中的表达变化特征进行分析。青虾冷休克蛋白Y-box基因c DNA全长1501 bp,包括84 bp的5′末端非翻译区(UTR),876 bp的开放阅读框(ORF),541 bp的3′UTR,开放阅读框编码291个氨基酸。氨基酸相似度比对显示,青虾冷休克蛋白Y-box基因富含高度保守的冷休克结构域。系统进化树分析显示,青虾冷休克蛋白Y-box基因与水蚤等节肢动物冷休克Y-box聚类一支,具有最近的亲缘关系。荧光定量PCR检测显示,冷休克蛋白Y-box基因在青虾不同组织中均有表达,其表达量在肝胰腺组织中最高,使用荧光定量PCR检测青虾冷休克蛋白Y-box基因在低温胁迫和恢复条件下在肝胰腺中的m RNA时空表达情况,结果显示,与对照组相比冷休克蛋白Y-box在肝胰腺中的表达量分别在低温和低氧胁迫3,6和12 h出现了显著上调,而在恢复刺激后其表达量与对照组差异不显著。此外,本实验对Y-box进行了原核表达,为进一步研究Y-box基因的功能奠定了基础。     

达氏鲟gdf11基因cDNA的克隆及组织表达特征分析

本研究克隆了达氏鲟(Acipenser dabryanus)生长转化因子gdf11(growth differentiation factor 11)基因cDNA。达氏鲟gdf11基因cDNA序列全长1 298 bp(不包括Poly A),开放阅读框为1 191 bp,编码396个氨基酸,5非编码区长19 bp;3非编码区长88 bp。通过Signal P软件预测含有N端21aa的信号肽。组织表达特征分析结果显示,gdf11在7种组织中均有表达,在眼和鳃中的表达量较高;不同水流条件下,鳃和心脏gdf11的表达量有显著性差异,静水中鳃gdf11表达量是流水(流速27.0±3.0 cm/s)的4.70倍,而心脏中的表达量是流水的2.72倍。这暗示了gdf11可能在呼吸代谢中发挥功能。     

Cloning, tissue distribution and hormonal regulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase in tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus

The stearoyl-CoA desaturase cDNA in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) was cloned by RT-PCR and RACE, and it was compared with those in grass carp, common carp and milkfish. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the full length of cDNA (1172 bp) clone encompasses 1008 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 336 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence shares 78–82% identity with the teleosts and 64–66% with mammals compared, and like these fish, the cloned tilapia stearoyl-CoA desaturase amino acid sequence conserves three histidine cluster motifs (one HXXXXH and two HXXHH), which functioned as non-heme iron binding sites, essential for stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity. RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis reveal that tilapia stearoyl-CoA desaturase is expressed only in liver, but the stearoyl-CoA desaturase expression in multiple tissues was observed in milkfish, grass carp and carp. Further, the hormonal regulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase gene expression was investigated by a single injection of 17β-estradiol and testosterone. The results showed that the administration of 17β-estradiol to tilapia led to a greater increase in desaturase activity than testosterone, and higher doses of steroids produced greater increases in enzyme activity. The comparative RT-PCR analysis showed that the stearoyl-CoA desaturase mRNA level increased significantly in 17β-estradiol treated animals, especially in the groups receiving a single injection of 50 mg 17β-estradiol. This was reflected in the decrease in the saturated fatty acids and the increase in the monounsaturated fatty acids. The proportion of the polyunsaturated fatty acids was not affected.