A potent greenhouse gas identified in the atmosphere: SF(5)CF(3)

We detected a compound previously unreported in the atmosphere, trifluoromethyl sulfur pentafluoride (SF(5)CF(3)). Measurements of its infrared absorption cross section show SF(5)CF(3) to have a radiative forcing of 0.57 watt per square meter per parts per billion. This is the largest radiative forcing, on a per molecule basis, of any gas found in the atmosphere to date. Antarctic firn measurements show it to have grown from near zero in the late 1960s to about 0.12 part per trillion in 1999. It is presently growing by about 0.008 part per trillion per year, or 6% per year. Stratospheric profiles of SF(5)CF(3) suggest that it is long-lived in the atmosphere (on the order of 1000 years).     

5种澄清剂对半固态发酵苹果醋的澄清效果

采用5种澄清剂对苹果醋进行澄清试验,结果表明,各澄清剂对苹果醋的澄清均有一定效果,琼脂和2种复合澄清剂效果接近,但经琼脂和复合澄清剂处理过的苹果醋有少量悬浮物。硅藻土和明胶的澄清效果均较好,但明胶对苹果醋的风味有一定影响。根据对比和感官评定,确定的最佳澄清剂为硅藻土,添加质量浓度为0.4g/L,处理时间为24 h,处理后的苹果醋上清液澄清透亮,透光率达到96.62%,分界面明显,无悬浮物,口感良好、口味协调。     

Molecular architecture of the multiprotein splicing factor SF3b

The splicing factor SF3b is a multiprotein complex essential for the accurate excision of introns from pre-messenger RNA. As an integral component of the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) and the U11/U12 di-snRNP, SF3b is involved in the recognition of the pre-messenger RNA's branch site within the major and minor spliceosomes. We have determined the three-dimensional structure of the human SF3b complex by single-particle electron cryomicroscopy at a resolution of less than 10 angstroms, allowing identification of protein domains with known structural folds. The best fit of a modeled RNA-recognition motif indicates that the protein p14 is located in the central cavity of the complex. The 22 tandem helical repeats of the protein SF3b155 are located in the outer shell of the complex enclosing p14.     

山萸肉澄清汁澄清工艺研究

本试验对山萸肉澄清汁的澄清工艺进行了研究,结果表明,山萸肉澄清汁最佳澄清工艺条件为：０,１０％果胶酶液化山萸肉所得浸提汁应直接于４５℃下保温澄清４ｈ;水直接浸提山萸肉所得浸提汁应添加０．０４％果胶酶于４５℃下保温澄清６ｈ。     

鱼胶在干红葡萄酒中的下胶效果研究

[目的]了解国产东易鱼胶(DOEST)在干红葡萄酒中的下胶效果。[方法]以2011年烟台产区赤霞珠、蛇龙珠、梅鹿特干红原酒为试样,首先以透光率、澄清度及热稳定性为依据确定鱼胶在干红葡萄酒中适宜的下胶浓度,然后再与明胶、蛋清、皂土进行下胶效果的综合比较。[结果]东易鱼胶(DOEST)在干红葡萄酒中使用浓度在40～60 mg/L时可获得令人满意的澄清效果,下胶综合效果可与蛋清相近,优于明胶和皂土。[结论]研究为国产东易鱼胶(DOEST)在干红葡萄酒下胶中的应用提供了参考。     

17S U2 snRNP中不可或缺的剪接因子SF3a的研究进展

剪接体由snRNPs(small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles)和非snRNPs蛋白质组成,能通过剪接作用对内含子进行精确切除,形成成熟有活性的mRNA。SF3a是哺乳动物U2型主要剪接体中不可或缺的成分,参与形成有活性的17S U2 snRNP,由SF3a60、SF3a66、SF3a120构成。SF3a120与SF3a60和SF3a66互作,但SF3a60与SF3a66并不互作。文中对17U2 snRNP中的剪接因子SF3a的研究进展进行了阐述,证明了SF3a对于细胞的形态、分化、正常的生长发育具有重要作用。     

明晰集体土地产权 促进农村税费改革

本文在分析农村集体土地产权制度不足及影响基础上，提出明晰集体土地产权，促进农村税费改革的措施，即明确集体准土地所有权主体权利，明晰土地产权结构，界定租税费，并完善法制上的保障。     

1994年采自新疆的真菌鉴定报告

记述了１９９４年采自新疆布尔津，贾登玉，南山林场等地部分植物寄生真菌的３５个种。从采集的标本中初步鉴定出３５个种，其中白粉菌１６种，锈菌１３种，其他菌类６种。其中有５个种为新疆新记录，并对其进行了较详细的特征描述。     

豫西地区杨树有害昆虫及植食螨类发生种类记述——鞘翅目

报道了豫西地区杨树鞘翅目长蠢科、叶甲科、天牛科、象甲科、吉丁虫科、鳃金龟科、丽金龟科、叩甲科8个科的28种害虫的危害方式与症状、发生世代、越冬形式及危害时期,愿通过此能给防治工作提供依据.     

ZTC-Ⅱ型澄清剂对肉苁蓉总皂苷提取液澄清工艺的研究

[目的]寻求用ZTC—Ⅱ型澄清剂澄清肉苁蓉总皂苷提取液的最佳工艺。[方法]以加入ZTC-Ⅱ型天然澄清剂后所形成絮状物的重量为指标,在单因素分析的基础上应用正交试验设计优化澄清条件,研究澄清剂的添加顺序、使用量、作用温度和作用时间的影响。[结果]ZTC-Ⅱ型澄清剂对肉苁蓉总皂苷提取液的最佳澄清条件为：ZTC—Ⅱ天然澄清剂2种组分的加入顺序为先加组分A再加组分B,澄清剂组分B和组分A的用量分别为1．00和0．50g／L,澄清剂的作用温度为50℃,澄清剂的作用时间为50min,即可达到澄清效果。[结论]与其他提取办法相比,该法的澄清效果好,具有生产成本低,可操作性强等优点。     

黑盘孢属1中国新纪录种

研究了白桦枝干上的分生孢子盘和分生孢子的形态,通过形态学比较和鉴定,表明该真菌种为双色黑盘孢,为国内新纪录种。     

木层孔菌属——国内新记录种——Phellinus wahlbergii(Fr.)Reid

本文报道了采自云南省屏边县大围山自然保护区的一种木层孔菌一瓦伯木层孔Phellinus wahlbergii(Fr.)Reid.文中描述了该种为国内新记录种的主要形态特征,并与易混淆的相近种一广布木层孔P.extensus(Lev.)Pat.作了比较。     

提高日照记录质量的重要性与方法

从积累精准资料并利用连续历史资料准确分析气候变化规律为农业生产、相关科研提供科学参考依据的角度,指出气象台站加强日照观测、提高日照记录质量的重要性。全面总结影响日照记录准确性的各种原因,详述避免日照异常记录的方法,旨在于引起业内同仁对日照观测的高度重视,以期与之共同提高日照观测技能。     

木层孔菌属——国内新记录种——Phellinus wahlbergii(Fr.) Reid

 本文报道了采自云南省屏边县大围山自然保护区的一种木层孔菌一瓦伯木层孔Phellinus wahlbergii(Fr.) Reid。文中描述了该种为国内新记录种的主要形态特征,并与易混淆的相近种一广布木层孔P.extensus(Lev.) Pat.作了比较。     

硫代硫酸钠在四甲基联苯胺贮液保存中的应用

为解决试剂四甲基联苯胺(TMB)贮液在储藏时容易变色的问题,本研究改良了TMB贮液的配方,即在原有每毫升TMB贮液中加入3μL 2 mg/mL的抗氧化剂五水硫代硫酸钠(Na2S2O3.5H2O)溶液。试验结果表明,新配方TMB贮液至少能在4℃下贮存3个月不变色且不影响显色效果。同时,对照原有配方中已经变色的TMB贮液,发现根据变色深浅,每毫升中加入2~6μL 2 mg/mL Na2S2O3.5H2O溶液,3~6 h后会变回无色,颜色消失的TMB贮液可重新利用而不影响显色效果。     

X-ray Damage to CF3CO2-Terminated Organic Monolayers on Si/Au: Principal Effect of Electrons

The relative importance of x-rays alone and of x-ray-generated primary and secondary electrons in damaging organic materials was explored by use of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on multilayer thin-film supports. The substrates were prepared by the deposit of thin films of silicon (0, 50, 100, and 200 angstroms) on thick layers of gold (2000 angstroms). These systems were supported on chromium-primed silicon wafers. Trifluoroacetoxy-terminated SAMs were assembled on these substrates, and the samples were irradiated with common fluxes of monochromatic aluminum K(alpha) x-rays. The fluxes and energy distributions of the electrons generated by interactions of the x-rays with the various substrates, however, differed. The substrates that emitted a lower flux of electrons exhibited a slower loss of fluorine from the SAMs. This observation indicated that the electrons-and not the x-rays themselves-were largely responsible for the damage to the organic monolayer.     

5HZ-3型水稻种子烘干机

北方水稻成熟较晚，收获时水分较大，一般为17％～30％，水稻种子冬季贮存时除受发霉腐烂危害之外，还有受冻害的威胁。水稻种子水分在15％以时下，低温对稻种发芽率影响很小，而超过15％，冻害就会发生；当水分超过16％时，发芽率明显下降，当水分达到16．8％时，越冬后发芽率受到严重影响，发芽率指标已达不到国家标准，不能再作种子     

中国壳针孢属一新记录种

本文报道了在安徽省岳西县大别山五针松,针叶上的壳针孢属－新记录种,该菌能引致国家二级保护树种－大别山五针松叶枯病,是影响该树种成林的重要原因之一。     

贵州省异绒螨属一新记录种

记述了分布于贵州省的异绒螨属Allothrombium Berlese一新记录种小枕异绒螨Allothrombium pulvinum Ewing,1917。标本保存在贵州大学昆虫研究所（GUGC）。