三例鸡住白细胞原虫病的防治——三、肉鸡住白细胞原虫病的防治

一、发病情况 广西省玉林市某养殖户饲养AA肉鸡2500只，24日龄时发现部分鸡精神沉郁，食欲减退或废绝，羽毛松乱．冠和肉髯苍白，腹泻、排青绿色稀便，发病率约在15％左右，畜主自己解剖两只病死鸡，发现胸肌和腿肌出血，便怀疑是传染性法氏囊病，遂用法氏囊血清注射，病情未见好转，且死亡160只左右，2003年7月25日该养殖户到笔者处就诊。     

蛋鸡住白细胞原虫与传染性鼻炎混合感染的诊治

山东省邹平县李某饲养的5000只产蛋鸡2011年9月15日开始发病,3天后蔓延全群,发病鸡占全群五分之一左右。2011年9月19日接到李某送检的病鸡。根据临床症状,流行病学,结合细菌学,血清学检验,病理剖检变化,诊断为鸡住白细胞原虫与传染性鼻炎混和感染。     

易与新城疫混合感染的禽病

由于新城疫(ND)发病率不断升高，加之临诊上又有不少禽病常常与新城疫混合感染，从而致使病情复杂化，对诊断治疗禽病带来了难度，严重影响了禽业生产的健康发展。作者经多年门诊调查，归纳有如下几种禽病易与ND混合感染。     

禽住白细胞原虫病的防治

禽住白细胞原虫病多在夏、秋季节发病，一般在每年的10月中、下旬在138—225日龄的鸡群中暴发。因此，一定要认真地加以防治。     

禽住白细胞原虫病的防治

禽住白细胞原虫病多在夏、秋季节发生,一般在每 年的10 月中、下旬易暴发此病。因此,一定要认真地 加以防治。 1 症状 1.1 从外观看,患鸡精神不振,食欲减退,冠和肉髯苍 白,严重贫血、瘫痪,产软壳蛋。 1.2 从消化道看,口流粘液,个别咯血,泻痢,排青绿 色粪便。 1.3 从剖检看,皮下、胸、腿肌肉有出血点,肝脾肿大 2 ～3 倍。肝脏出血、肠道充血,腹部脂肪、胸系膜脂肪有针尖状出血点。肾脏被血覆盖,…     

鸡住白细胞原虫病

一、危害性本病通常导致幼雏出血死亡或生长发育迟缓,中雏和大雏生长发育迟缓,成年鸡贫血和产蛋下降。在急性爆发病例中,死亡率可达10～80%。在我国,发病鸡群的死亡淘汰率约5～12%左右,产蛋下降15～20%左右;首次发病和发病年龄     

雏鸡葡萄球菌病与鸡住白细胞虫病混合感染的诊治

2006年5月，涿州市某养殖户饲养500只京白雏鸡，6日龄用鸡新城疫-传染性支气管炎（H120）疫苗饮水免疫，7日龄用IBD疫苗饮水免疫．用量均按0．5毫升／只。23天时发病。当天死亡6只．经用综合防治措施，3天后死亡停止。至28号鸡群精神、采食基本正常。本次发病共死亡雏鸡65只．死亡率为13％。现将诊治情况报告如下：     

鸡住白细胞原虫病与大肠杆菌混合感染的诊治

(一)发病情况河北省鸡泽县曹庄镇张某饲养的1200只蛋鸡,常规饲养,按正常的免疫程序进行免疫。72日龄时,鸡群突然发病,3天死亡100只,病鸡占全群1/3左右。(二)临床症状病鸡精神萎顿,鸡冠苍白,羽毛松乱,腹泻,粪便呈黄白色或黄绿色稀粪。有的病鸡两腿发软,     

鸡球虫和住白细胞虫混合感染的诊治

球虫病是由艾美耳球虫寄生在鸡的小肠或盲肠内引起的肠道组织损伤、出血导致患鸡急性死亡的寄生性原虫病；住白细胞原虫病又名白冠病，是由库蠓(小黑蚊)和蚋为媒介的原虫寄生在血细胞和内脏器官的组织细胞中，造成贫血、内脏肿胀和出血。它们都能引起鸡的死亡。曾多次遇到球虫与住白细胞虫混合感染，现将其中一例诊治情况报道如下。     

蛋鸡传染性喉气管炎与传染性鼻炎混合感染的诊治

发病情况2007年3月5日。某养殖户购进伊沙蛋鸡雏4000只,鸡群按免疫程序对新城疫、传染性法氏囊病、传染性支气管炎、产蛋下降综合征进行了疫苗接种预防,但未接种传染性喉气管炎和传染性鼻炎疫苗。育雏期和育成期发育正常。育成产蛋鸡3700只,成活率达92.5％。10月下旬,33周龄鸡群开始咳嗽、呼吸困难,鼻孔流出浆液性分泌物,     

产蛋种鸡爆发卡氏住白细胞原虫病的诊断与防治

鸡卡氏住白细胞原虫病是由卡氏住白细胞虫引起的一种细胞内寄生虫病，临床上以鸡冠苍白，内脏和肌肉组织广泛出血为特征，又称鸡白冠病。本病在广东常发生于雨水较多的炎热季节，好发月份在每年的5月至8月份之间，给广东的养鸡业造成一定的经济损失。2006年6月下旬广东某一种鸡场暴发了该病，死亡共计3000余只，给该场造成巨大的经济损失，通过采取灭蚊措施以及使用磺胺嘧啶、磺胺甲基异嚼唑和三甲氧苄氨嘧啶等药物进行治疗，病情很快得到了控制，现将该病发病情况、临床症状、剖检变化、实验诊断及综合防治等情况报告如下。     

产蛋鸭禽霍乱的诊断与治疗

一发病经过 二养鸭户饲养的860只开产才一个月的蛋鸭于2008年4月3日突然发病,3天来发病个体逐渐增多,现在约有70%的发病.鸭群的采食量和产蛋量大幅度下降,发病前日喂全价颗粒料120千克,发病后降至30～40千克;产蛋率从90%锐减至30%左右.并有少数鸭死亡.据户主介绍,大约10天前,村里农户散养的鸡突然发病,病程很短,发病后立即死亡.村里只有小部分鸡幸存下来.由于农户每家的饲养数量都不多,疫情并没有引起重视,也没有对死鸡进行无害化处理.该鸭群都在村前的河水中放牧,与散养的鸡平时多有接触.     

Vaccination of turkey breeder hens and toms for fowl cholera with CU strain

Unvaccinated laying breeder hens and semen-producing toms were susceptible to the CU strain of Pasteurella multocida and highly susceptible to a virulent strain of P. multocida. Laying breeders vaccinated with CU strain when environmental temperatures were low ceased egg production during the first week after vaccination and had 29% mortality, whereas those vaccinated when temperatures were moderate had only a 25% decrease in egg production and 17% mortality. Comparable nonlaying breeders vaccinated during moderate temperatures did not die. Although few semen-producing toms died postvaccination and the quantity and quality of semen was not affected, 21.7% developed torticollis. Laying breeders were protected against CU vaccine and challenge with virulent P. multocida if vaccinated every 4 weeks beginning when 7 weeks old. Potential breeders vaccinated before laying with combinations of 3 vaccinations via drinking water, wing-web puncture, or inoculation into the air spaces of the head through the auditory tube were protected against challenge after the onset of laying. However, vaccination via wing-web puncture at 25 weeks of age resulted in abscesses that failed to resolve. The combination of vaccinations most effective in protecting laying breeders was vaccination in the drinking water at 7 and 11 weeks and inoculation into the air spaces of the head at 15 weeks.     

Progress on control of northern fowl mites on caged laying hens

Recent research on methods for controlling the northern fowl mite (NFM) on caged laying hens is reviewed. On inanimate objects, NFM may be controlled by fumigation with methyl bromide, increased temperature (49 degrees C for 1 h), or decreased temperature (-20 degrees C for 5 days). dipping chickens in aqueous suspensions of carbaryl or stirofos controlled NFM for 6 weeks without exceeding current egg tolerance residues. Feeding chickens reasonable concentrations of systemic pesticides registered for use on dairy cattle in the U.S.A., registered anticoccidials, zinc bacitracin, avermectins, and diflubenzuron did not produce systemic control of NFM. Chickens do develop immunity to NFM. The potential for further development and adoption of these techniques should provide the poultry industry with effective alternatives to existing chemical sprays and dusts.     

The use of chlordimeform against northern fowl mites on caged laying hens

Trials were conducted to evaluate the efficiency of chlordimeform (N′-(4-chloro-o-tolyl)-(N,N-dimethylformamidine)) in controlling northern fowl mites on commercial caged laying hens. Chlordimeform (0.03% active ingredient (A.I.)) applied as a high pressure spray was as effective (P < 0.05) as stirofos (2-chloro-1-(2,4,5-tri-chlorophenyl) vinyl dimethyl phosphate) (0.5% A.I.) for 63 days post-treatment. Twenty-one days after treatment, chlordimeform (0.06% A.I.) was shown to be more effective (P < 0.05) than stirofos when applied as a low pressure spray.     

Protection conferred by a live Salmonella Enteritidis vaccine against fowl typhoid in laying hens

Fowl typhoid is under control in poultry farms of developed countries, but it still endemically subsists in commercial laying hen farms of some countries. It has been demonstrated that Salmonella live vaccines can elicit cross-immunity against members of the same Kauffmann-White scheme serogroup. In this work, we explored the protection conferred by TAD Salmonella vac E, a live Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis vaccine, against fowl typhoid. Three groups of laying hens were vaccinated with different vaccination schedules starting on the first day of life, and afterwards were infected with 2 x 10(5) CFU of a virulent Salmonella Gallinarum strain, either at wk 28 or wk 52. Mortality, fecal shedding, and organ invasion of Salmonella Gallinarum were assessed. In this work we demonstrated that this Salmonella Enteritidis vaccine is able to cross-immunize against Salmonella Gallinarum. At wk 28, hens vaccinated with three oral doses or with two oral doses combined with one subcutaneous dose were protected by the vaccine. At wk 52, when hens were infected 36 wk after the final immunization, the vaccine was not able to confer protection. Thus, revaccination every 3 mo would be highly recommended. In countries where Salmonella Gallinarum subsists together with Salmonella Enteritidis, control programs should include vaccination of laying hens using safe attenuated Salmonella strains.     

家禽肠道疾病及其预防措施专栏(五) 产蛋母鸡的慢性肠炎

目前处理慢性肠炎的方法,是在不知病因的情况下通过增强母鸡的抵抗力和提高其康复率来控制疾病.这是荷兰两位家禽疾病研究人员的结论.