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杉木无性系测定初步研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
黔东南州杉木遗传改良协作组 《贵州林业科技》1999,27(4):14-17,44
通过对杉木种子园优良家系193个无性系进行苗期测定,选择34个无性系进入林期测定。根据3年生高生长,结合扦插成活率、造林成活率、一次性合格萌条产量等因素综合评定,初选出7个生长量高、萌条产量高、造林成活率高的优良无性系为建立生产性采穗圃的入圃材料,进一步在营林生产中推广应用。7个无性系的3年生高生长平均大于对照ch1(为黎平东风林场种子园实生苗)39.40%,大于对照ck2(为黎平东风林场种子园8 相似文献
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泡桐萌芽更新造林苗期生长规律 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
泡桐萌芽更新造林苗期生长旺盛,发芽出土期比埋根育苗提前7-10天,生长高峰期到来早,时间长,生长量大,萌芽苗高为理根苗的147.52—162.23%,地径为112.20-123.93%。留桩萌芽更新造林又比留根萌芽更新造林苗期生长高峰期到来的早,时间长,生长量大,发芽出土期提前4—7天,苗高、地径分别为后者的113.83%、110.45%。 相似文献
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杜仲幼林综合抚育管理试验初报 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
试验分析表明:对杜仲幼林的早期管理应以松土除草,配合施肥为主,对2年生杜仲林每株施53.5g尿素、200g磷肥效果最佳,可使杜仲地径生长量提高100%,高生长量提高30%;3月上旬芽未萌动前,从距地面10cm处平茬,当年萌条高生长量平均达120.9cm,地径达1.1cm;树根基覆盖草灌能抑制杂草生长,减缓根系土壤水分损失;林地套种三叶草对杜仲生长有显著促进作用,套种黑麦草及白生蒿类杂草对杜仲生长有 相似文献
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本文报告了濒危植物秃杉在六盘水市场梅林场苗期试验情况。55℃水浸种14小时后,高锰酸钾3% ̄6%溶液浸种6小时,种子场圃发芽率最高,出苗最整齐。在未作任何施肥处理的情况下,一年生秃杉苗高7cm,地径0.18cm,当年生长量低于对照的杉木一年生苗(高12.3cm,地径0.26cm)秃杉单株年生长量最大者,高22cm,地径0.32cm。 相似文献
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银鹊树在武汉引种及其形态、适应性研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
银鹊树(Tapiscia sinensis)属中高山珍稀濒危树种,为了进一步认识该树种,扩大其生长范围及开发利用,于1987年引种育苗。用二年生大苗在沟边、台地、疏林地定植进行观察。1995年开始开花结实,并采种育苗,在苗期、成树期对其形态、生长量观察和调查,苗期首先出现的真叶不是复叶,而是一对单叶,且对生,然后才是复叶,互生。成树期主要是树皮变成花纹形,侧枝发达。通过花期、果熟期提前,不同立地成树生长量,不同产地酋期生长量,天然繁殖能力反映银鹊树在武汉的适应能力。 相似文献
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本文对Ⅰ-45杨的苗期、幼林物候及生长情况进行了观察。在长春、辉南Ⅰ-45杨能够完成正常的生育周期,顶芽形成期在8月末、9月实,较大青杨提前3-4天时间。苗期高生长集中在6-7月份,出现两个生长高峰期,日平均生长量可达4cm。幼林第4年生长开始加快,胸径最大年生长量为3.1cm,年生长主要在6月下旬至8月中旬,各旬生长量基本一致,平均为0.3cm。通过对Ⅰ-45杨生长规律的观察,可为林木速生丰产、 相似文献
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秃杉育苗技术及苗期生长情况试验结果表明:采用播种育苗芽苗移栽方法,温床出苗率达7.68%,第2年苗木移栽成活率在80%以上,高、径生长量分别为20.7和0.373cm。试验总结了育苗技术要点和苗木生长规律。 相似文献
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为给库尔勒香梨园合理施肥及氮肥利用率的提高提供参考,以6年生库尔勒香梨为研究对象,采用15N同位素示踪技术,研究萌芽前期至果实成熟期库尔勒香梨树体生长和氮素吸收、分配动态。结果表明:库尔勒香梨树体基径随着生育期的推移逐渐增大,于果实成熟期达到最大(8.71cm);库尔勒香梨叶片的叶面积指数、叶绿素SPAD值和叶片光合速率均随着香梨年生育期的推进呈现先增大后减小的趋势,均在第2个快速膨大期达到最大,分别为2.40、42.03和12.50μmol/(m^2·s);在年生育末期,库尔勒香梨单株树体的生物量为19958g,氮素积累量为199.44g,各器官中以当年新生器官果实的生物量和氮素积累量为最高,分别占整株树体生物量和氮素积累量的33.33%和25.08%。不同生育期15N在树体内的运转随生长中心的变化而变化。盛花期15N在1年生枝中的分配势最强,新梢旺长期和第2个快速膨大期15N在叶片中的分配势最强,果实成熟期15N在果实中的分配势最强。在果实成熟期库尔勒香梨树体当季15N肥料利用率为17.35%。 相似文献
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为了解Y形架不同整形方式对梨树生长结果的影响,研究了龙干式和二主枝2种Y形架整形方式下‘中梨1号’梨品种幼树树干直径、主枝直径、早期结果性能、果实品质等方面的差异。结果表明,龙干式整形的‘中梨1号’树干直径、主枝直径、40%以上节位结果枝条数、单株平均结果数等均显著高于二主枝整形的‘中梨1号’,表现出良好的幼树早期丰产性。但龙干式整形的树势相对中庸,果实平均单果质量略小于二主枝整形的‘中梨1号’。除了龙干式的果心占比稍大于二主枝‘中梨1号’,2种整形方式的‘中梨1号’果实在果形指数、果肉硬度和可溶性固形物含量等品质指标上并无显著差异。总体上,龙干式较二主枝式更容易整形,树势更中庸,幼树早期丰产性强,但需要强化水肥管理。 相似文献
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不同树体环境和管理水平对苹果树梨树腐烂病发生程度的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
苹果树梨树腐烂病是对果树危害严重的一种病害,对果树生产造成了较大的威胁。通过对苹果树梨树腐烂病发生程度的相关性因素的分析,结果表明,苹果树梨树腐烂病的发生程度与果树大小年、树龄、果树生长状况、冻害的发生、土壤管理制度、修剪程度等都有十分密切的相关性:树龄1~10a的发病轻,20a以上的发病重;枝条发育不充实,不能自然落叶的果园发病重,枝条充分成熟的树体发病轻;易遭冻害的果园发病重;清耕不间作的果园发病重,间作的发病轻;重修剪的发病重,轻修剪的发病轻。 相似文献
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In this study, the frequency of European pear rust (Gymnosporangium fuscum) lesions on Juniperus excelsa was investigated both on seedlings in a nursery and on forest trees in six juniper stands located in south‐western Turkey. In the nursery, lesions occurred on 0.7% of 5510 1‐year‐old seedlings and 29% of 200 2‐year‐old potted seedlings. In each of the juniper forests, 50 trees were chosen within a square of approximately 400 m2 in size. In general, rust lesions were common on the trees. On average, 49.0% of the trees had lesions; on 17.3% of the trees, the lesions were located on the trunk, on 43.3% on the branches and on 11.7% on both. In lesion‐bearing trees, the average number of lesions was 1.47–3.59 and the maximum number of lesions per tree were six to 11. Most of the lesions (85.1%) were on branches. There were significant differences between the stands, which can be attributed to different age of the trees, site factors and the presence of alternate hosts. The rust identified from stem lesions in forest trees and from nursery seedlings was European pear rust (G. fuscum), but possible co‐occurrence of other Gymnosporangium spp. cannot be excluded. 相似文献
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研究刻芽和扭枝对梨不同优系幼树成枝力和成花数的影响,为实现其早果、丰产和省力化栽培提供理论依据。研究方法上采用以6个2年生不同优系为试材,于早春对其主干进行刻芽处理,并对当年发生的侧枝在半木质化时从基部进行扭枝处理,调查统计刻芽后幼树成枝力和扭枝后树体生长和成花状况。研究结果表明,刻芽后,6个优系发枝量分别比对照样本增加了225%、116%、160%、122%、136%、150%,处理样本与对照样本之间差异显著。扭枝对6个优系树高、枝长的影响未达显著性差异,但6个优系均比对照样本的花芽量多,相对而言,杂交优系Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ成花量少,平均每株有花芽2个,处理样本与对照样本之间差异显著,花芽量分别是对照样本的7.0倍、1.6倍、4.0倍;杂交优系Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的花芽量多,平均每株有花芽4.4个,处理样本与对照样本之间差异不显著。综上所述,刻芽能显著地提高梨幼树成枝力,西洋梨×东方梨比东方梨×东方梨杂交优系的成枝力高;扭枝对梨幼树的生长发育影响小,但能提高幼树的成花数,尤其对不易成花的含有西洋梨基因的优系效果更加显著。 相似文献
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We studied the relief of water stress associated with fruit thinning in pear (Pyrus communis L.) trees during drought to determine what mechanisms, other than stomatal adjustment, were involved. Combinations of control irrigation (equal to crop water use less effective rainfall) and deficit irrigation (equal to 20% of control irrigation), fruit load (unthinned and thinned to 40 fruits per tree) and root pruning (pruned and unpruned) treatments were applied to pear (cv. 'Conference') trees during Stage II of fruit development. Daily patterns of midday stem water potential (Psi(stem)) and leaf conductance to water vapor (g(l)) of deficit-irrigated trees differed after fruit thinning. In response to fruit thinning, gl progressively declined with water stress until 30 days after fruit thinning and then leveled off, whereas the effects of decreased fruit load on Psi(stem) peaked 30-40 days after fruit thinning and then tended to decline. Soil water depletion was significantly correlated with fruit load during drought. Our results indicate that stomatal adjustment and the resulting soil water conservation were the factors determining the Psi(stem) response to fruit thinning. However, these factors could not explain differences in daily patterns between g(l) and Psi(stem) after fruit thinning. In all cases, effects of root pruning treatments on Psi(stem) in deficit-irrigated trees were transitory (Psi(stem) recovered from root pruning in less than 30 days), but the recovery of Psi(stem) after root pruning was faster in trees with low fruit loads. This behavior is compatible with the concept that the water balance (reflected by Psi(stem) values) was better in trees with low fruit loads compared with unthinned trees, perhaps because more carbon was available for root growth. Thus, a root growth component is hypothesized as a mechanism to explain the bimodal Psi(stem) response to fruit thinning during drought. 相似文献