In this study, the effect of maternal age on prepupae diapause of progeny in sexual (Wolbachia free) and asexual (Wolbachia infected) Trichogramma brassicae was studied at two temperatures. Maternal generation (G1) of both populations was reared at 10L:14D photoperiod, 14 and 20 °C, separately. Mated females from G1 were supplied with eggs of Ephestia kuehniella, each 48 h from one day after emergence to death. The tendency to diapause in progeny (G2) was determined by rearing at 10 °C. According to the results, reproductive modes, maternal temperature and age have significant effect on the mean number of eggs laid by G1 and the diapause percentage of G2. Offspring whose maternal generation was reared at 20 °C had higher diapause percentage than those reared at 14 °C. Diapause percentage in sexual population was higher than the asexual, which demonstrates a negative effect of Wolbachia on this process. Wolbachia infection modifies the effect of maternal age on the diapause percentage in the offspring at 20 °C but not at 14 °C. The result can be due to lower Wolbachia density at 14 °C and greater Wolbachia density at 20 °C. 相似文献
The cabbage root fly (Delia radicum) is a major pest of cruciferous crops in temperate regions of the world. A model using weather data has been developed to forecast the timing of D. radicum attacks. The model simulates development of a field population of D. radicum, commencing with the overwintering stage (diapause pupa) and following development through the first, second and, where appropriate, third generation until autumn. The model is based on a series of rate equations which describe the relationship between the rate of development of D. radicum and temperature. The model uses soil temperatures in the simulation of the development of the egg, larval and pupal stages, and air temperatures with the adult-fly stage, taking account of periods of summer dormancy (aestivation) and the onset of winter dormancy (diapause). Using local weather data or standard measurements of air and soil temperatures taken at agrometeorological stations, the model can forecast D. radicum activity in any region. 相似文献
为探究牧草优势寄生性天敌伞裙追寄蝇Exorista civilis滞育的分子调控机制,利用同位素标记相对和绝对定量(isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation,iTRAQ)蛋白组学技术对滞育和非滞育伞裙追寄蝇蛋白进行定量检测及功能注释,筛选差异蛋白,并对其进行KEGG通路富集分析和GO功能富集分析。结果显示,滞育和非滞育伞裙追寄蝇共鉴定到1 055个蛋白;伞裙追寄蝇滞育后95个蛋白差异表达,其中24个差异蛋白表现为下调,71个差异蛋白表现为上调。KEGG通路富集分析显示滞育伞裙追寄蝇的差异蛋白在脂质、氨基酸及碳水化合物代谢等代谢通路显著富集。GO功能分析结果发现与代谢相关的蛋白显著表达,与昆虫抗寒性相关的热休克蛋白也表现为显著上调。表明物质代谢在伞裙追寄蝇滞育过程中起重要作用。 相似文献
The front cover image is based on the Original Article A sticky situation: honeydew of the pear psylla disrupts feeding by its predator Orius sauteri by Wang‐Peng Shi et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.5498 .
A field study onKaltenbachiola strobi (Winnertz) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), was carried out between 1987 and 1993 in the highest mountain range in the Western Carpathians
located within the Tatra National Park, in southern Poland. Rearing and analysis of 5 780 cones ofPicea abies (L.)Karst., collected from trees growing at different altitudes, yielded 30,478 individuals ofKaltenbachiola strobi, which infested 89.10% of the cones. In case of 29.81% of cones there were more than 20 larvae ofK. strobi per cone. It was shown thatK. strobi in the Tatra Mts. is more abundant in spruce stands of the upper mountain forest zone. Significant connections between the
time of cone infestation byK. strobi and its parasitoids and characteristic phenophases in spruce foliage and cone development, and also the development of selected
vegetation of the forest floor at different heights above sea level were determined. It was shown that the population dynamics
ofK. strobi had tendency to alternate the increase and decrease in numbers every two years. It was also discovered that every two years
spruce cones were inhabited by the population ofK. strobi with increased percentage of individuals having prolonged diapause. In total, the parasitoids reduced the population ofK. strobi by about 16–22.63%. Parasitism ofK. strobi in the lower mountain forest zone was higher than in the upper zone.Triplatygaster contorticornis
Ratz. (Hymenoptera: Platygasteridae),Torymus azureus
Boheman (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) andTetrastichus strobilanae
Ratz. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) were most effiecient in reduction of the population ofK. strobi, and in the lower mountain forest zoneT. azureus was the dominant parasitoid species, while in the upper zoneT. contorticornis andT. strobilanae. It was shown that a considerable part of the populations ofT. azureus, T. contorticornis andT. strobilanae have their diapause prolonged and highly synchronized with the diapause of their host. 相似文献