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1.
Ning Xia Depeng Wu Yuhang Zhan Yang Liu Mengyang Sun Xue Zhao Weili Teng Yingpeng Han 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(3):365-371
Soybean seed oil was valued in foods, animal feed and some industrial applications. Molecular marker‐assisted selection (MAS) for high‐oil‐content cultivars was an important method for soybean breeders. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) and epistatic QTL underlying the seed oil content of soybeans across two backcross (BC) populations (with one common male parent ‘Dongnong47’) and two different environments. Two molecular genetic maps were constructed. They encompassed 1046.8 cM [with an average distance of 6.75 cM in the ‘Dongnong47’ × ‘Jiyu89’ (DJ) population] and 846.10 cM [with an average distance of 5.76 cM in the ‘Dongnong47’ × ‘Zaoshu18’ (DZ) population]. Nine and seven QTL were identified to be associated with oil content in the DJ and DZ populations, respectively. The phenotypic variation explained by most of the QTL was usually less than 10%. Among the identified QTL, those stable ones across multiple environments and populations often had stronger additive effects. In addition, three stable QTL in the DZ populations were identified in the similar genomic region of the three QTL in the DJ population [qDJE and qDZE‐1 were located near Satt151 of Chromosome 15 (Chr15), qDJA1 and qDZA1 were located near Satt200 of Chr15 (LG A1), and qDJD2‐1 and qDZD2‐1 were located near Sat365 of Chr17]. In conclusion, MAS will be able more effectively to combine beneficial alleles of the different donors to design new genotypes with higher soybean seed oil content using the BC populations. 相似文献
2.
Huancheng Liu Guanglu Cao Depeng Wu Zhenfeng Jiang Yingpeng Han Wenbin Li 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(6):924-938
Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) seeds are a major source of tocopherols (Toc), which could significantly improve immune system health of human and prevent or treat many serious diseases. Selection for higher Toc contents of seeds could increase nutritional value of soybean‐derived food, laying on an important breeding goal for many soybean breeders. The present objectives of the work were to evaluate various genetic effects of QTL associated with individual and total Toc content based on a RIL population (“Beifeng 9” × “Freeborn”) in six environments to improve the efficiency of molecular marker‐assisted selection (MAS) for high‐Toc breeding. The results described that eighteen, thirteen, eleven and thirteen QTL were associated with α‐Toc, γ‐Toc, δ‐Toc and total Toc content, respectively, and have additive main effects (a) and/or additive × environment interaction effects (ae) in certain environments. Among them, four QTL for α‐Toc, two QTL for γ‐Toc, one QTL for δ‐Toc and four QTL for total Toc could increase α‐Toc, γ‐Toc, δ‐Toc and total Toc content via significant a effect, respectively, which have stronger stability in different years and locations. It implied a value for MAS. Additionally, twenty‐five, fifteen, eleven and twenty epistatic pairwise QTL associated with α‐Toc, γ‐Toc, δ‐Toc and total Toc contents, respectively, were detected. The genetic information of the QTL effects obtained here would be beneficial for breeding soybean variety with high‐Toc content by MAS. 相似文献
3.
Seed weight (SW) is the important soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.), yield component and also affected the quality of soybean‐derived foods. The aim of this study was to identify the quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying SW through 112 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross between “Zhongdou27” (G. max, designated by its bigger seed size, 21.9 g/100 seeds) and “Jiunong 20” (G. max, smaller seed size, 17.5 g/100 seeds). Phenotypic data were collected from this RIL population after it was grown in the sixteen tested environments. A total of eight QTL (QSW1‐1, QSW2‐1, QSW2‐2, QSW5‐1, QSW15‐1, QSW17‐1, QSW19‐1 and QSW20‐1) were identified, and they could explain 4.23%–14.65% of the phenotypic variation. Among these eight QTL, three QTL (QSW1‐1 located on the interval of Sat_159‐Satt603 of chromosome (Chr) 1 (LGD1a), QSW19‐1 located on the interval of Sat_340‐Satt523 of Chr 19 (LGL) and QSW20‐1 located on Sat_418‐Sat_105 of Chr 20 (LGI)) were newly identified and could explain 4.235%–10.08%, 8.45%–13.49% and 8.08%–10.18% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. Six of the eight identified QTL including QSW2‐2, QSW5‐1, QSW15‐1, QSW17‐1, QSW19‐1 and QSW20‐1 exhibited a significant additive (a) effect, while two QTL (QSW2‐1 and QSW19‐1) only displayed significant additive‐by‐environment (ae) effects. A total of four epistatic pairwise QTL for SW were identified in the different environments. These eight QTL and their genetic information obtained here were valuable for molecular marker‐assisted selection and the realization of a reasonable SW breeding programme in soybean. 相似文献
4.
Seed protein and oil contents are important quantitative traits in soybean. Previously, quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with seed protein and oil were mostly identified in single genetic background. The objective of this work was to identify QTL and their epistatic effects underlying seed protein and oil contents in three recombinant inbred line populations (two of them used one common female parent) across eight environments by composite interval mapping. Forty QTL underlying protein content and 35 QTL underlying oil content were identified. Among them, nine were universal QTL underlying protein content and four were universal QTL underlying oil content. Epistatic interactions between QTL underlying seed protein/oil and different genetic backgrounds were detected. Different pairs of epistatic interactions were observed in diverse genetic backgrounds across multi‐environments. Common marker intervals were observed to simultaneously underlie seed protein and oil contents with different epistatic interactions. The results in this study suggested that a specific genotype with high oil content and low protein content might significantly affect the selection of soybean lines for high seed protein. 相似文献
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Junyi Gai Lei Chen Yinghu Zhang Tuanjie Zhao Guangnan Xing Han Xing 《Breeding Science》2012,61(5):495-510
“Breeding by Design” as a concept described by Peleman and van der Voort aims to bring together superior alleles for all genes of agronomic importance from potential genetic resources. This might be achievable through high-resolution allele detection based on precise QTL (quantitative trait locus/loci) mapping of potential parental resources. The present paper reviews the works at the Chinese National Center for Soybean Improvement (NCSI) on exploration of QTL and their superior alleles of agronomic traits for genetic dissection of germplasm resources in soybeans towards practicing “Breeding by Design”. Among the major germplasm resources, i.e. released commercial cultivar (RC), farmers’ landrace (LR) and annual wild soybean accession (WS), the RC was recognized as the primary potential adapted parental sources, with a great number of new alleles (45.9%) having emerged and accumulated during the 90 years’ scientific breeding processes. A mapping strategy, i.e. a full model procedure (including additive (A), epistasis (AA), A × environment (E) and AA × E effects), scanning with QTLNetwork2.0 and followed by verification with other procedures, was suggested and used for the experimental data when the underlying genetic model was usually unknown. In total, 110 data sets of 81 agronomically important traits were analyzed for their QTL, with 14.5% of the data sets showing major QTL (contribution rate more than 10.0% for each QTL), 55.5% showing a few major QTL but more small QTL, and 30.0% having only small QTL. In addition to the detected QTL, the collective unmapped minor QTL sometimes accounted for more than 50% of the genetic variation in a number of traits. Integrated with linkage mapping, association mappings were conducted on germplasm populations and validated to be able to provide complete information on multiple QTL and their multiple alleles. Accordingly, the QTL and their alleles of agronomic traits for large samples of RC, LR and WS were identified and then the QTL-allele matrices were established. Based on which the parental materials can be chosen for complementary recombination among loci and alleles to make the crossing plans genetically optimized. This approach has provided a way towards breeding by design, but the accuracy will depend on the precision of the loci and allele matrices. 相似文献
8.
Xiaomin Wei Xiaobo Wang Shulei Guo Jinlong Zhou Yong Shi Huitao Wang Dandan Dou Xiaoheng Song Guohui Li Lixia Ku Yanhui Chen 《Plant Breeding》2016,135(6):671-676
Leaves play important roles, including in photosynthesis and transpiration, during plant development. Therefore, studying the genetic mechanisms affecting leaf size may contribute to improving plant architecture through molecular design. However, the genetic mechanisms that underlie these traits remain poorly understood. In this study, quantitative trait loci (QTL) for traits related to leaf area were identified using a set of recombinant inbred lines evaluated in three environments by 1226 single nucleotide polymorphic markers. In total, 16 QTL were detected with four QTL showing effects of greater than 10%. Five of the QTL explained 46.02%, seven of the QTL explained 46.77%, and four of the QTL explained 30.03% of the phenotypic variance of leaf length, width and area, respectively. Additional epistatic effects were identified for all of the maize chromosomes, except for chromosomes 7, 8 and 9. All of the epistatic effects involved pairs of loci on different chromosomes. Thus, a complex network controlling these traits was found in maize. These results provide useful information for understanding the molecular mechanisms controlling maize leaf size. 相似文献
9.
X12是具有超强致病力的大豆胞囊线虫(SCN)新小种,于2012年在山西省古交市邢家社首次发现,该小种对大豆生产有巨大威胁。定期调查X12生理小种分布,对有目的地采取防治措施阻止X12小种扩散有重要意义。本研究于2019—2020年调查古交市土样,利用Riggs模式鉴定生理小种,绘制古交市X12生理小种分布图,探讨其周围生理小种类型及分布规律。结果表明,在采集的受SCN感染的33份样本中,26份鉴定出生理小种类型,占采集样本的78.8%;2号和4号生理小种在该地区分布广泛,2号小种检出频率为57.7%;4号小种检出频率为42.3%。4号小种群体能够侵染优异抗源兴县灰皮支(ZDD2315)且胞囊指数(female index,FI)大于10,即被认定为X12小种,在此次鉴定为4号小种的11份样本中,有2份进一步鉴定为X12小种,含重复采集2012年在邢家社发现的X12样本;另有3份鉴定为4号小种的样本,其SCN群体能在兴县灰皮支上寄生,但FI未达到10。这26份样本的SCN群体能在Peking和PI88788上寄生,且FI>50的分别占73.1%和57.7%。表明,除邢家社发现有X12小种,在河口镇也发现了X12小种;在邢家社周围810 km2仅检测到2号和4号小种;有3份样本的SCN群体有可能会优先由4号小种进化为X12小种。建议在古交市采取有力、有效措施减缓SCN的致病力升级及X12小种扩散。 相似文献
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Theresa K. Herman Jaeyeong Han Ram J. Singh Leslie L. Domier Glen L. Hartman 《Plant Breeding》2020,139(5):923-931
The genetic base for soybean cultivars is narrow compared to most other crop species. Twenty-seven wild perennial Glycine species comprise the tertiary gene pool to soybean that may contain many genes of economic importance for soybean improvement. We evaluated 16 accessions of G. argyrea, G. clandestina, G. dolichocarpa, and G. tomentella for resistance to Heterodera glycines (HG), also known as the soybean cyst nematode, and to multiple isolates of Phakopsora pachyrhizi, the causal fungus of soybean rust. All 16 accessions were classified as resistant to H. glycines HG Type 2.5.7, based on number of cysts per root mass with plant introductions (PIs) 483227, 509501, 563892, and 573064 (all G. tomentella) void of any cysts indicating no reproduction by this pest. All 16 accessions had an immune reaction to one isolate of P. pachyrhizi. Regardless of isolate, no sporulating uredinia were observed on G. argyrea (PI 505151) and G. tomentella (PIs 483227, 509501, and 573064). These results demonstrate that some accessions within the perennial Glycine species harbour resistance to both H. glycines and P. pachyrhizi and would be good candidates for wide hybridization programs seeking to transfer potentially unique multiple resistance genes into soybean. 相似文献
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LIAN Yun WANG Jin-She WEI He LI Jin-Ying GONG Gui-Ming WANG Shu-Feng ZHANG Jing-Peng LI Mao-Lin GUO Jian-Qiu LU Wei-Quo 《作物学报》1962,47(2):237-244
X12 was a new race of soybean cyst nematode (SCN) with super strong pathogenicity and it was first detected in Xingjiashe county, Gujiao city, Shanxi province, China in 2012, which was a huge threat to soybean production. The research of race X12 distribution is meaningful for developing management strategies to prevent race X12 population from spreading. Therefore, a survey for the distribution of soybean cyst nematode race X12 in Gujiao city was conducted in 2019 and 2020. A distribution of races was constructed based on Riggs model. The race distribution was discussed in this study. A total of 33 soil samples infected soybean cyst nematode were collected. Twenty-six were identified as physiological subtypes, accounting for 78.8% of the samples, in which race 2 and race 4 accounted for 57.7% (15 samples) and 42.3% (11 samples), respectively. In general, race X12 was determined if race 4 population virulent on ZDD2315 accession with female index (FI) > 10. In 11 samples determined as race 4, including two samples were further determined as race X12 including the sample collected from Xingjiashe location, which was the original location detected as race X12 in 2012. There were three other SCN populations which determined as race 4 could virulent on ZDD2315 but with FI < 10. There were 73.1% and 57.7% of populations with FI > 50 among 26 evaluated populations on Peking and PI88788, respectively. The results showed that race X12 population were also detected in Hekouzhen except Xingjiashe. Only race 2 and race 4 were detected around Xingjiashe, covered 810 km2. SCN populations with 3 samples were likely to preferentially evolve from subspecies 4 to subspecies X12. The results showed that strong and effective measures should be taken in Gujiao city to slow down the virulence escalation of SCN and the spread of X12 species. 相似文献
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Plant architecture is important for cotton cultivation and breeding. In this study, two mapping generations/populations F2 and F2:3 in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), derived from ‘Baimian1’ and TM‐1, were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for 10 plant architecture traits. A total of 55 main‐effect QTLs (M‐QTLs) were detected. Four common M‐QTLs, qTFB‐10(F2/F2:3) for total fruit branches, qFBL‐26b(F2)/qFBL‐26(F2:3) for fruit branch length, qFBA‐5(F2/F2:3) for fruit branch angle and qFBN‐26b(F2)/qFBN‐26(F2:3) for fruit branch nodes, were found. The synergistic alleles and the negative alleles can be utilized in cotton plant architecture breeding programmes according to specific breeding objectives. Altogether 54 pairs of epistatic QTLs (E‐QTLs) exhibiting the interactions of additive‐by‐additive (AA), additive‐by‐dominant (AD), dominant‐by‐additive (DA) and dominant‐by‐dominant (DD) were detected. The epistasis appeared to be an important contributor to genetic variation in cotton plant architecture traits. Therefore, the identified markers associated with E‐QTLs as well as M‐QTLs will be of importance in future breeding programmes to develop cotton cultivars exhibiting desirable plant architecture. 相似文献
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由大豆胞囊线虫(Soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, SCN)引起的病害是一种世界性大豆病害。随着强致病力大豆胞囊线虫群体X12的出现及LY1线虫群体的合成, 国际通用的Riggs和HG type 2种大豆胞囊线虫生理小种鉴别模式已不能将4号生理小种、X12线虫群体、LY1线虫群体有效区分, 本研究提供了一种区分这3个线虫群体的简易鉴定方法, 为SCN相关研究提供技术支撑。包括以下步骤: 利用感病品种在病土中繁殖备用接种的胞囊; 用兴县灰皮支(ZDD2315)和PI567516C作为鉴别寄主, Lee为感病对照, 接种鉴定; 若兴县灰皮支和PI567516C均表现感病, 表明该病土感染的是X12线虫群体; 若兴县灰皮支表现抗病而PI567516C表现感病, 表明该病土感染的是4号生理小种; 若PI567516C表现抗病, 表明该病土感染的是LY1线虫群体。以上结果表明, 利用我国优异抗源兴县灰皮支和PI567516C 作为鉴别寄主, 能有效区分目前报道的具有强致病力的大豆胞囊线虫4号生理小种、X12和LY1线虫群体。本研究结果对筛选抗源、调查大豆胞囊线虫生理小种分布、线虫致病基因研究有重要意义。 相似文献
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选择综合性状较好、脂肪含量23%以上的大豆品种与具有Peking、Hartwig抗线虫基因的抗线虫品种（系）,有性杂交。杂交后代的低世代,在大豆胞囊线虫病圃进行抗线虫鉴定、选择;高世代,进行大豆胞囊线虫病土盆栽鉴定及品质跟踪分析,定向选择。选育出庆农05-1028、05-1009、05-1071、07-1115、07-1568、08-2535等6个兼抗大豆胞囊线虫1、3号生理小种,脂肪含量22%以上的新的种质资源。该种质聚合了国内外抗线虫病、高脂肪、高产品种（系）的优良基因,遗传基础广泛,可做为大豆抗胞囊线虫兼高脂肪育种的亲本材料,这些品系将对推动大豆生产起到一定作用。 相似文献
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为了定位控制主茎节数的QTL并明确其遗传效应,利用100对SSR引物,并采用Mapmaker Exp 3.0和复合区间法,研究构建了一张包括3个连锁群的连锁图谱。以‘黑农37’（栽培大豆）×ZYD581（野生大豆）组合的亲本、F2、F3为试材,分别在chr1连锁群上定位了一个影响大豆主茎节数的QTL,2007年QTL位于Satt238—Satt242这个区间内,与Satt238的遗传距离是0.01 cM,与Satt242的遗传距离是24.69 cM,其遗传贡献率为17.22%,加性效应为-3.2608;2008年QTL位于Satt238—Satt240之间,与Satt238的遗传距离为0.59 cM,与Satt240的遗传距离为6.01 cM,其遗传贡献率为6.68%,加性效应为-1.4965。2年大豆主茎节数QTL分析表明,在chr1连锁群上Satt238附近确定了1个控制大豆主茎节数QTL位点。 相似文献
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大豆胞囊线虫(Heterodera glycines Ichinohe)是严重危害世界范围大豆生产的害虫, 采用合理轮作和种植抗病品种可有效控制损失。为了开展分子标记辅助选择以加速抗病品种培育, 本研究针对前期发现的与大豆胞囊线虫3号小种(SCN3)抗性显著关联的非同义变异SNP位点Map-5149, 开发高通量、低成本的新型分子标记—竞争性等位基因特异PCR标记(kompetitive allele specific PCR, KASP), GmSNAP11-5149。利用GmSNAP11-5149鉴定了来自8个国家的202份代表性大豆抗感资源, 发现141份材料携带抗病基因型GmSNAP11-5149-AA, 平均雌虫指数为6.2%, 极显著低于58份携带感病基因型GmSNAP11-5149-GG材料的雌虫指数(61.1%), 方差分析表明, GmSNAP11-5149与胞囊线虫的抗性显著相关(F=44.18, P<0.0001), 对抗病材料的选择效率达到92%, GmSNAP11-5149可作为一个实用的分子标记应用于辅助抗大豆胞囊线虫品种选育和抗病种质资源鉴定。 相似文献
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大豆胞囊线虫3号生理小种在我国已发现的8个小种中分布最为广泛,严重影响大豆生产。中品03-5373(ZP03-5373)是对3号小种免疫的优良抗源。本研究以中品03-5373为母本,与感病品种中黄13(ZH13)杂交建立包含254个家系的重组自交系群体,利用SSR、EST-SSR、In Del和SNP等506个分子标记对该分离群体进行基因型鉴定,构建全长为2651.90 c M的遗传图谱,标记间平均距离为5.24 c M。结合抗性鉴定数据,在中品03-5373中检测到3个控制大豆胞囊线虫3号生理小种的QTL区间,分别位于Gm07(SCN3-7)、Gm11(SCN3-11)和Gm18(SCN3-18)。其中SCN3-18可解释29.5%的抗性变异,为主效抗性位点;SCN3-7和SCN3-11分别控制6.2%和5.5%的抗性变异,为微效位点。SCN3-7与SCN3-18间存在显著的上位性互作。通过对中品03-5373祖先亲本2个QTL区间(SCN3-7和SCN3-11)侧翼标记的系谱追踪,进一步证明SCN3-7和SCN3-11与大豆胞囊线虫3号抗性相关。 相似文献
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蛋白质含量是大豆重要的品质性状, 受多基因控制, 定位大豆蛋白质含量相关位点并挖掘候选基因, 对定向培育高蛋白含量大豆品种具有重要意义。本研究以优良品种黑农88作为母本与高蛋白优异种质P73-6B作为父本杂交, 构建了一个由265个单株组成的F2群体, 利用中豆芯1号对F2群体进行基因型鉴定并构建图谱, 结合蛋白质含量表型数据, 采用IciMapping 4.2软件在20号染色体上定位了一个QTL, 物理距离为2.46 Mb, 在区间附近筛选出11个多态性SSR标记并分析群体, 将定位区间从2.46 Mb缩小至100.8 kb。增加Gm20_28349696、Gm20_30805913、Gm20_31341532和Gm20_31483719共4个SNP位点, 进一步将区间缩小到95.8 kb。对区间内包含的4个基因的9个不同组织在Phytozome v13.1和PPRD RNA-seq 2个数据库中的表达量分析得到了2个候选基因, 分别为Glyma.20g081800和Glyma.20g082000基因, 本试验结果为大豆蛋白质含量基因克隆及蛋白质调控机制研究提供了理论基础, 为大豆高蛋白分子标记育种提供材料和技术支撑。 相似文献
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The branch number is one of the important factors influencing soybean yield, which is directly related to pod setting rate. At the same time, it is also an important component of soybean plant type, and further affects the yield by adjusting the population structure and planting density. At present, there is few report related to map-based cloning of genes related to branch number. Therefore, the discovery of genes/QTL involved in the regulation of soybean branching is of great significance for the basic research on the establishment of plant type and the applied research on the development of high-yielding varieties. In this study, based on the F2 of crossing low-branched variety Kenfeng 19 (KF19) and high-branched variety Kennong 24 (KN24), we developed the F7:8 recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, consisting of 606 lines, and two backcrossing populations consisting of 1486 individuals for KF19-BC3F2 and 1150 individuals for KN24-BC2F2. Within the localization interval of the new QTL of the branch number of chromosome 18 (qBN-18), 11 polymorphism SSR markers were screened out to identify the RIL population, and region of qBN-18 was reduced from 1.6 Mb to 113 kb. After developing two InDel markers BR69 and BR77 in the mapping region, the backcross population was used to screen the exchange individuals, the interval of qBN-18 was further reduced to 63.7 kb, including 9 genes. Those results provide the information for gene map-based cloning and molecular marker assisted breeding of branch number in soybean. 相似文献
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Langlang Ma Zhongrong Guan Zhiteng Zhang Xiaoxiang Zhang Yanling Zhang Chaoying Zou Huanwei Peng Guangtang Pan Michael Lee Yaou Shen Thomas Lübberstedt 《Plant Breeding》2018,137(2):127-138
Leaf‐related traits (leaf length, leaf width, leaf area and leaf angle) are very important for the yield of maize (Zea mays L) due to their influence on plant type. Therefore, it is necessary to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for leaf‐related traits. In this report, 221 doubled haploid lines (DHLs) of an IBM Syn10 DH population were provided for QTL mapping. In total, 54 QTLs were detected for leaf‐related traits in single environments using a high‐density genetic linkage map. Among them, only eight common QTLs were identified across two or three environments, and the common QTLs for the four traits explained 4.38%–19.99% of the phenotypic variation. qLL‐2‐1 (bin 2.09), qLW‐2‐2 (bin 2.09), qLW‐6‐3 (bin 6.07) and qLA‐5‐2 (bin 2.09) were detected in previous studies, and qLL‐1‐1, qLAr‐1‐1, qLAr‐2‐1 and qLA‐7‐1 may be new QTLs. Notably, qLW‐6‐3 and qLA‐5‐2 were found to be major QTLs explaining 19.99% and 10.96% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. Interestingly, we found three pairs of QTLs (qLW‐2‐2 and qLAr‐2‐1, qLW‐8‐1 and qLL‐8‐2, qLL‐3‐3 and qLAr‐3‐3) that control different traits and that were located on the same chromosome or in a nearby location. Moreover, nine pairs of loci with epistatic effects were identified for the four traits. These results may provide the foundation for QTL fine mapping and for an understanding of the genetic basis of variation in leaf‐related traits. 相似文献