“棘防C”预防山羊甘肃棘豆中毒初探

经瘤胃瘘管每天给５只山羊投服甘萧棘豆粉末，同时饮用本课题组研制的“棘防Ｃ”溶液，以探索其对山羊甘萧棘豆中毒的预防作用。结果试验羊在第２６￣３１ｄ出现甘肃棘豆中毒的临床症状，对照组羊（不预防组）在第１５￣１８ｄ出现甘肃棘豆中毒的临床症状。     

英得尔种羊场放牧绵羊棘豆中毒预防效果初报

对放牧绵羊自然棘豆中毒羊群采用补饲、"轮牧法”和应用棘豆中毒预防药物"棘防A号”、"棘防B号”和"棘防E号”综合措施预防绵羊棘豆中毒,使羊群因棘豆中毒引起的死亡和淘汰羊明显减少,所产羔羊数及繁活数明显增加.     

青海省黄花棘豆的分布,生物学特性及危害

棘豆属(Oxytropis DC.)的许多种植物能引起牲畜中毒在国内外早有报道。青海省自1957年以来,先后有27个县陆续发生牲畜棘豆中毒。随着草场的逐年退化,棘豆迅速繁衍,一些地区黄花棘豆的分盖度已高达70—90％,优良牧草减少,致使牲畜棘豆中毒的发病更为普遍。     

青海省托勒牧场棘豆中毒调查与防制

对青海省托勒牧场近年来棘豆中毒情况进行了调查，马、鹿及羊均发生中毒，鹿中毒后鹿茸产量下降，鹿茸生长不分叉，母鹿繁殖障碍，应用生态系统控制工程和药物“棘防E号”预防棘号中毒取得了较好的效果。     

棘豆中毒预防初探

本研究采用从瘤胃瘘管每天给２５只山羊和１５只绵羊投服甘啼粉末,同时选用本课题组研制的７种理论上可预防棘豆中毒的药物以探索其对山羊和绵羊甘肃棘豆中毒的预防作用。而保以康,腐敏散,及棘防Ｄ号则无预防作用。     

"疯草灵"解毒缓释丸预防绵羊黄花棘豆中毒试验

将8只绵羊随机分为试验组和对照组,每天按10 g/kg饲喂黄花棘豆Oxytropis ochrantha鲜草,同时试验组投服疯草灵解毒缓释丸3丸,对照组不投服,以探索疯草灵解毒缓释丸对绵羊黄花棘豆中毒的预防作用.结果表明:对照组在试验第16-21天出现黄花棘豆中毒症状,试验组在试验第50-72天出现黄花棘豆中毒症状;实验室结果为2组羊血清谷草转氨酶(SGOT)、血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性、尿素氮(BUN)含量比试验前明显升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).表明投服3丸疯草灵解毒缓释丸对绵羊黄花棘豆中毒具有预防作用,但还不能完全防止黄花棘豆对绵羊肝脏和肾脏等组织器官的损害.     

腐敏散预防山羊甘肃棘豆中毒初探

采取从瘤胃瘘管每天给５只山羊投服甘肃棘豆粉（１０ｇ／ｋｇ）,同时用饮用２ｇ／Ｌ的腐敏散液的方法,以探索腐敏散对山羊甘肃棘豆中毒的预防作用。结果实验山羊在１５～１９ｄ出现甘肃棘豆中毒的临床症状,实验室检查两组山羊的血清ＳＧＯＴ活性和ＡＫＰ活性比实验前均显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。中毒症状出现时间和实验室检查结果,实验组与对照组（不预防组）无明显的差异,表明腐敏散不能预防山羊甘肃棘豆中毒。     

草地毒草棘豆的研究现状及进展

系统地总结了草地毒草棘豆在世界范围内的分布及危害,并将国内外对棘豆的分布、分类、毒性、成分、草地植物危害、家畜棘豆中毒的原因、家畜中毒的预防和治疗、防除和开发利用等方面的研究进行了较为详细的介绍,为国内外研究提供可靠、详尽的依据。     

甘肃棘豆中游离氨基酸的测定

豆科棘豆属植物广布于青康藏高原,在青海省至少有8个以上品种,其中甘肃棘豆(Oxytropis kansuensiss)生长较多,分布很广,是造成牲畜中毒的植物之一。我们报导过甘肃棘豆的原植物形态、组织构造、微量元素的含量测定,以及对其所含生物碱和黄酮类化合物进行了初步试验。若能使棘豆中毒得到预防或治疗,也可能变毒草为益草。加之,棘豆也是一种中药,不仅早巳用于临床,目前已用于     

保以康预防羊甘肃棘豆中毒的效果初探

棘豆是我国草原上对家畜危害最为严重的毒草之一，西北、西南及华北的９个省都发生过家畜棘豆中毒，给畜牧业生产造成巨大的经济损失，严重危害着我国草原畜牧业的发展，仅青海省棘豆分布面积已超过２００万ｈｍ２，我国有关家畜棘豆中毒的已有较多的报道，但至今还未见到...     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Comparison of four techniques of arthrocentesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint of the horse

Reasons for performing study: Clinical experiences indicate that centesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint is often unsuccessful. Objective: To determine the accuracy of 2 published and 2 unpublished techniques of centesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint. Hypothesis: It was hypothesised that a drug can be administered into the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint via a diverticulum of this joint that surrounds the medial aspect of the long digital extensor tendon and that this technique is more accurate than described techniques of centesis of this compartment. Methods: Twenty‐four stifles of 12 horses were divided equally into 4 groups and a radiocontrast medium injected into the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint of each group using a hypodermic needle inserted: 1) caudal to the lateral patellar ligament and proximal to the tibial plateau, 2) caudal to the long digital extensor tendon and proximal to the tibial plateau, 3) between the long digital extensor tendon and bone of the extensor groove of the tibia or 4) directly through the long digital extensor tendon until it contacted bone. Twelve veterinary students who had no experience using any of these techniques performed the injections. Accuracy of each technique was determined by examining radiographs obtained after injecting the contrast medium. Results: The most successful technique for arthrocentesis was by inserting a needle through the long digital extensor tendon. This approach was successful in all attempted cases, whilst other techniques had lower rates of success. Conclusions: The lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint can be accessed accurately by inserting a needle through the long digital extensor tendon as it lies within the extensor groove. Other techniques may not be as accurate for clinicians inexperienced in arthrocentesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint.     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Prevalence of diseases of the spinal cord of cats

A retrospective review of records of 205 cats with histologically confirmed disease of the spinal cord was performed to identify the prevalence of disease in this nonrandomly selected population of cats. Clinical records were reviewed, and age, duration of neurologic illness, and clinical and histopathologic findings in cats with spinal cord disease were abstracted. Disease processes were classified into 7 categories and 23 groups. The most common diseases affecting the spinal cord of cats were feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), lymphosarcoma (LSA), and neoplasia of the vertebral column secondarily affecting the spinal cord. Information on age, onset and duration of clinical signs, and lesion localization at the postmortem examination in cats belonging to the 7 categories of disease were analyzed to create a practical list of differential diagnoses. Cats were also subcategorized into 3 groups based on their age at death. FIP was the most common disease of cats younger than 2 years of age. LSA and vertebral column neoplasia were the most common diseases affecting cats between 2 and 8 years of age. Vertebral column neoplasia was the most common disease affecting cats older than 8 years of age. Results of this histopathologic study showed that FIP and LSA were the most common disease processes affecting the spinal cord of cats. However, at least 21 other groups of diseases and their relative prevalence were identified.     

高效液相色谱法测定鸡肉中土霉素残留量的不确定度评定

根据JJF1059-1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》建立了高效液相色谱法测定鸡肉中土霉素残留测量的不确定度评定方法,评定过程包括建立测量程序、分析不确定度来源、对不确定度分量进行量化。将不确定度归类为两大类。随机效应导致的不确定度可以通过一系列具有统计意义的重复观测值进行A类评定;系统效应导致的不确定度通过各测量器具、设备的说明书、校准证书提供的参数进行B类评定。本方法鸡肉中土霉素残留量的相对合成标准不确定度约为3.9%。     

几个柑橘品种实生苗的抗旱性评价研究

以5个金柑属品种、枳壳、软枝酸橘及广西土柠檬实生苗为材料,进行复水成活率、旱害指数、叶片相对含水量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、丙二醛（MDA）、脯氨酸等生理指标及隶属函数的综合分析,为柑橘抗性砧木品种选育提供参考。结果表明：胁迫20d复水后的成活率融安滑皮金柑和长寿金柑最高,为100%,软枝酸橘最低,为88.9%;随着干旱胁迫加剧,各品种的旱害指数呈上升趋势,长寿金柑的旱害指数最低,为0.25,软枝酸橘的旱害指数最高,为0.61;从叶片相对含水量的结果来看,长寿金柑的变化幅度最小,软枝酸橘的变化幅度最大,在第18d时分别为61.19%和37.85%;3种保护酶之间相互协同作用减轻植株受害程度,其活性变化幅度与丙二醛和脯氨酸的含量变化相似。利用隶属函数法综合分析,得出各品种的抗旱性强弱依次为长寿金柑>枳壳>融安滑皮金柑>融安金柑>山金柑>广西土柠檬>金枣>软枝酸橘。     

两种绿头鸭肌肉营养成分分析及评价

本试验旨在研究两种绿头鸭（白羽绿头鸭和绿头鸭）肌肉营养组成和价值,为绿头鸭肉产品的开发利用提供基础数据和理论依据。选择白羽绿头鸭和绿头鸭60只（每个品种各30只,公母各半）,依照国家标准测定胸肌粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、胆固醇含量及氨基酸、脂肪酸、微量元素和维生素的组成和含量,并对胸肌进行氨基酸评价及脂肪酸营养价值评价。结果显示,白羽绿头鸭肌肉粗蛋白质含量显著低于绿头鸭（P<0.05）;两种绿头鸭肌肉中均检测到17种含量大于0.01%的氨基酸,其中白羽绿头鸭肌肉苏氨酸、组氨酸、丝氨酸和脯氨酸含量显著高于绿头鸭（P<0.05）,赖氨酸、谷氨酸和精氨酸含量显著低于绿头鸭（P<0.05）;检测到13种含量均大于0.01%的脂肪酸,其中白羽绿头鸭硬脂酸和油酸含量显著低于绿头鸭（P<0.05）;检测到9种矿物质元素（钠、镁、钾、钙、锰、铁、铜、锌和硒）,两种绿头鸭差异不显著（P>0.05）;检测到8种维生素,白羽绿头鸭肌肉维生素B₁含量显著高于绿头鸭（P<0.05）,维生素D和维生素E含量显著低于绿头鸭（P<0.05）。两种绿头鸭肌肉氨基酸比例接近世卫组织推荐的理想模式,富含人体所需的矿物质元素和维生素,具有广阔的开发利用前景。