防止H7N9病毒在活禽市场向人传播

记者从农业部获悉:近期我国部分省份又出现H7N9流感病例。农业部副部长、国家首席兽医师于康震日前在调研H7N9流感防控工作时表示,各级畜牧兽医部门要两手抓,一手抓疫病防控,结合全国家禽H7N9流感剔除计划,强化活禽市场和家禽养殖场的监测排查,及时消除病原和疫情隐患,有效防范疫病风险;一手抓产业发展,关注流感疫情信息对家禽产业和禽产品消费的影响,加强技术指导和服务,落实家禽业生产扶持政策,推进家禽产业的转型升级,促进家禽业持续平稳发展。     

建立长效机制确保家禽产业持续快速发展--关于禽流感对家禽产业影响情况的调查

近两年,国际、国内部分地区发生的高致病性禽流感疫情,给我市家禽产业的发展和农民收入带来了一定影响。我们对此进行了专题调查,并就建立长效机制,确保家禽产业持续快速发展,提出了对策和建议。1禽流感对全市家禽产业的影响1.1对养殖企业的影响受禽流感影响,雏鸡需求量锐减,价     

淮阴区家禽产业现状及发展措施

为进一步促进家禽产业发展,通过深入调查,对全区家禽产业发展的有利和制约因素进行了分析,提出通过强化领导,形成家禽产业协调服务机制;建立家禽产业风险保障机制;加强畜牧业基础保障体系建设;发展专业组织;加强环境保护等措施,进一步推动淮阴区家禽产业发展。     

对建立家禽传染病长效防控机制的几点思考

改革开放以来,我国家禽产业持续快速发展.鸡存栏由1980年约9亿只增加到目前约45亿只.虽然2003年SARS疫情、2004.年禽流感疫情使我国家禽业受到一定影响,但2000年以来家禽出栏仍年均增长4%.2007年,我国家禽存栏达56亿只,占世界总量29%,其中水禽存栏约10亿只,约占世界总量的80%多.中国家禽业的快速发展,无疑给禽病防控工作提出了更高要求.     

推进淮阴区家禽产业进一步发展的对策

近几年淮阴区家禽产业发展迅速,家禽生产总量稳步增长,规模比重逐年提高,品种结构逐步优化,初步形成了产、加、销一体化的生产体系。为进一步促进家禽产业发展,通过深入调查,对全区家禽产业发展的有利和制约因素进行了分析,提出通过强化领导,形成家禽产业协调服务机制;建立家禽产业风险保障机制;加强畜牧业基础保障体系建设;发展专业组织;加强环境保护等措施,进一步推动淮阴区家禽产业发展。     

余姚市高致病性禽流感免疫抗体的调查与分析

2004年初,我国首次暴发高致病性禽流感疫情,党和政府的高度重视,农牧部门按照“24”字防控要求,对家禽实施禽流感强制免疫。为了全面了解和掌握我市家禽禽流感免疫效果,更好地指导基层实施禽流感程序免疫以及检验免疫质量,我们从2005年开始对全市家禽开展了高致病性禽流感免疫定期与不定期的抽样监测,并将监测结果进行评估与通报,有效地预防了禽流感疫情的发生,确保家禽生产的稳定发展。现将2006至2008年我市禽流感免疫抗体调查结果进行综合分析,供参考。     

安顺市生态家禽产业发展概况及策略

文章介绍了安顺市生态家禽产业发展的基本情况、经验做法以及存在的困难和问题,结合生产实际提出推动安顺市生态家禽产业发展的策略,为科学引导安顺市家禽生态养殖产业健康可持续发展提供参考。     

家禽信息研究室

正信息科学是我所新兴学科,主要研究信息科学在家禽产业的创新应用,是研究信息科学和家禽产业的相互渗透、相互结合以及深度融合的学科,主要从事信息科学研究和科技信息服务,建有山东省家禽信息服务平台。在家禽信息监测预警、家禽信息数据获取与智能决策、家禽疫病远程诊断、远程培训、     

家禽翅静脉采血方法的改进

在家禽生产中,为了及时掌握家禽免疫的抗体水平高低,痰情监测机构、科研单位为了解免疫动态,各级政府主管部门为家禽免疫、疫情的监控、疫情分析等,需要经常采集家禽的血液样品,而家禽的翅静脉采血是经常用到的方法之一。在采血数量较少的情况下它具有方便易操作、熟练后采血成功率高的特点,因此在生产中经常采用。     

通州家禽产业集聚发展的思路与对策

家禽产业是通州畜牧产业中发展速度快、规模比重大、产业化水平高的产业。近年来,通州区家禽产业得到持续快速发展,已由传统的农村家庭副业发展成为农业和农村经济的重要产业之一。家禽产业集聚发展是转变生产方式,提高市场竞争力的有效途径,是提高动物防疫工作水平和保障家禽产品质量安全的重要措施,是提高家禽养殖水平、增加农民收入的可靠保证,也有利于生产要素的集约和优化配置,有利于行业间的相互协作、融合和提高,有利于资源的共享和循环利用,实现产业关联发展、链式发展、合作发展,是家禽产业未来发展的方向。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …