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河北省沧州棉区绿盲蝽在不同寄主上的动态分布 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
系统研究了绿盲蝽在河北省沧州棉区主要寄主上的发生规律及转主迁移特点。结果表明,在河北省沧州棉区,枣树和棉花是该虫的主要互为寄主,1~2代主要为害枣树,2代成虫转主于棉花等作物,转主高峰为6月19~25日,3~4代为害棉花和其他作物,第5代成虫于9月初开始返回枣树产卵越冬。绿盲蝽1~2代若虫孵化时间集中,成虫羽化高峰明显。根据绿盲蝽生活史中的薄弱环节,提出了抓住关键时期,采取大面积统一防治,将该虫消灭在孵化期和成虫羽化及转主之前的防治策略。 相似文献
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棉盲蝽药剂防治技术研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
棉盲蝽是棉花上的重要害虫之一,在我地以中黑盲蝽和绿盲蝽为主。进入90年代,由于耕作制度的多样化和施肥水平的不断提高,人为地为其创造了丰富的寄主或食料来源;防治棉铃虫药剂的大量使用,使棉田天敌大量死亡;加上全球气候变暖,冬季气温普遍偏高,棉盲蝽的越冬死亡率大大降低,致使棉盲蝽的为害逐年加重,成为我地棉田90年代仅次于棉铃虫的第二大害虫。有机磷类农药对棉盲蝽具有较好的防效,但对天敌杀伤力大,且持效期短,各代发生盛期需多次施药,才能控制棉盲蝽为害。为了探索既对天敌安全,又能长期有效地控制棉盲蝽的为害,且成本较低的防治棉盲… 相似文献
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棉花盲蝽象的防治不容忽视代廷奎(安徽省利辛县农技中心236701)棉花盲蝽象,土名“臭鳖子”、“小臭虫”。近几年盲蝽象的发生日趋严重,是仅次于棉铃虫为害的又一棉花重大害虫。由于它的为害症状不易观察,常被农民所忽视,给棉花生产等造成极大为害。棉盲蝽象,... 相似文献
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贵州喀斯特稻区黑肩绿盲蝽种群发生规律研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了摸清喀斯特稻区黑肩绿盲蝽Cyrtorhinuslividipennis的发生规律,2010年在贵州省6个具有代表性的稻区开展了该天敌田间种群消长的监测研究。结果表明:田间黑肩绿盲蝽的始见期集中在6月上、中旬,水稻生长前期虫量发生较少,后期发生量较大,发生高峰期一般在7月下旬一8月下旬。黑肩绿盲蝽与褐飞虱Nilaparvatalugens的种群发生存在同步性。水稻害虫防治的常用药剂啶虫脒、阿维菌素、吡虫啉和毒死蜱对黑肩绿盲蝽种群发生有明显的抑制作用。 相似文献
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3月底到4月底,调查了粗细管理模式不同品种葡萄冬芽的绿盲蝽越冬卵量,监测了粗放管理模式葡萄绿盲蝽越冬种群的发生为害情况,并调查了绿盲蝽在胡萝卜上的产卵部位。研究表明,粗放管理模式下葡萄冬芽的有卵芽率(品种‘户太8号’:61.36%; 品种‘红地球’:33.33%; 品种‘夏黑’:26.88%)显著高于精细管理模式下葡萄冬芽的有卵芽率(品种‘夏黑’:5.65%)。粗放管理模式下,受移栽影响长势不好的葡萄冬芽上越冬卵较多,若虫虫口密度大(品种‘户太8号’:13.33±12.06 头/株; 品种‘红地球’:9.50±11.47 头/株)。研究还发现干瘪冬芽上的绿盲蝽越冬卵也能孵化,但相对饱满冬芽上的卵发育慢。调查结果还明确了葡萄绿盲蝽在诱集植物——胡萝卜上的产卵部位。本研究对指导葡萄绿盲蝽的田间综合防治提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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IOANNIS VASILAKOGLOU KICO DHIMA ELIAS ANASTASSOPOULOS ANASTASIOS LITHOURGIDIS NIKOLAOS GOUGOULIAS NIKOLAOS CHOULIARAS 《Weed Biology and Management》2011,11(1):38-48
A 2 year field experiment was conducted in northern Greece to study the biomass effects of four oregano (Origanum vulgare) biotypes, used as incorporated green manure, on the emergence and growth of barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus‐galli), bristly foxtail (Setaria verticillata), common purslane (Portulaca oleracea), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), and corn (Zea mays). The oregano biotypes were selected on the basis of their high phenolic content. The phytotoxic potential of the oregano biotype extracts also was determined in the laboratory by using a perlite‐based bioassay with cotton, corn, and barnyard grass. The bioassays indicated that the germination, root elongation, and fresh weight of cotton, corn, and barnyard grass were reduced by the oregano biotype extracts. In the field, the emergence of common purslane, barnyard grass, and bristly foxtail was reduced by 0–55%, 38–52%, and 43–86%, respectively, in the oregano green manure treatments, as compared with the oregano green manure‐free treatments (the controls). At harvest, the cotton lint and corn grain yields in the oregano green manure treatments were 24–88% and 5–16%, respectively, greater than those in the corresponding green manure‐free, weedy treatments. These results indicated that when the biomass of the oregano biotypes with a high phenolic content were incorporated into the soil as green manure, they could be used to suppress barnyard grass, bristly foxtail, and common purslane in cotton and corn and consequently to minimize herbicide usage. 相似文献
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为明确新疆棉田牧草盲蝽Lygus pratensis(Linnaeus)的空间分布型,于2012-2014年对新疆喀什地区棉田牧草盲蝽种群数量进行了系统调查,应用5种聚集度指数、Iwao m*-m回归方程和Taylor幂法则分析判定牧草盲蝽成虫、若虫及整个种群(成虫和若虫)在棉田的空间分布型,并利用种群聚集均数分析聚集原因。结果表明,牧草盲蝽成虫、若虫及整个种群的久野指数C_A0、负二项分布参数k0、丛生指数I0、聚块指数m*/~-1,表明三者在新疆棉田均呈聚集分布。且牧草盲蝽成虫和若虫的Blackith聚集均数λ2,说明二者在棉田的聚集是由环境因素引起的。Iwao m*-m回归分析结果表明,牧草盲蝽成虫、若虫和整个种群个体间相互吸引,分布的基本成分为个体群(α0、β1);Taylor幂法则分析结果表明,牧草盲蝽成虫、若虫和整个种群在棉田更趋向于聚集分布,聚集度依赖于密度。 相似文献
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Z. DUNDJERSKI 《EPPO Bulletin》1988,18(3):445-451
Macedonia is the southern boundary for the distribution of Arvicola terrestris (water vole) in the Balkan peninsula. Until recently, these voles were found in the region only sporadically, showing none of the cyclic population fluctuations characteristic of microtines in the continental part of Europe. An investigation was started in 1984 when the first visible signs of damage to rice in Ko?ansko Valley, caused by numbers of voles, were noted. Since then, population numbers have increased, reaching a density of 1000 individuals per ha on one locality. The causes of such an unexpected outbreak and the methods for determining role abundance are discussed. The construction of a dam and the extension of rice cultivation have reduced the natural habitats of both vole predators and their competitors. Increased pesticide and fertilizer usage have also affected the fauna unfavourably. Efficient control was attained by means of zinc phosphide baits, specially before the rice growing season (i. e. in winter and early spring). 相似文献
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M. Broza 《Phytoparasitica》1986,14(1):81-85
The aphidAphis gossypii was previously known as a minor pest in cotton fields in Israel and it usually disappeared toward mid-season. At the end of 1983 and throughout the 1984 season an outbreak ofA. gossypii occurred in cotton fields. Aphids became the primary pest in 1984 and up to 80% of the pesticide treatments were directed against them in some cotton areas. The population returned to its normal level in 1985, but the aphids continued to appear throughout the season, rather than being an early season pest. 相似文献
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湖南省棉田杂草调查 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对湖南省棉花主产区棉田杂草的种类、发生规律及化学除草情况进行了调查。结果发现, 湖南省棉田常见杂草包括12科, 28种, 其中禾本科杂草占25.00%, 阔叶杂草占67.86%, 莎草科占7.14%; 一年生杂草占78.57%, 多年生杂草占21.43%。相对多度10%以上的杂草有7种, 其中马唐、牛筋草、千金子、铁苋菜、小飞蓬5种杂草为湖南省棉田杂草的优势种, 相对多度分别为37.79%、33.64%、29.15%、26.23%、23.83%。杂草发生呈现3个高峰期, 分别为5月下旬, 6月中下旬, 7月下旬至8月初, 杂草防除主要采用苗前土壤处理和苗后茎叶处理相结合的化学防除方法。 相似文献
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通过对新和县1999、2002两年冬季铲除田埂杂草带棉田棉花卷叶率变化情况的观测,研究铲除田埂杂草对棉砾的防治效果。结果表明:苗期、蕾期防治效果可以达到70%~90%,棉花卷叶率下降3.35~16.83倍(P<0.05)。棉蚜越冬和早春迁飞与田埂上的杂草有关可能是这项技术有效的原因。 相似文献