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山东冬暖式日光温室建造技术及应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
山东冬暖式日光温室是在冬季以太阳光为主要能源,利用透明塑料薄膜、保温墙体等材料,人为创造蔬菜设施栽培的小气候环境,实现蔬菜等农作物反季节栽培的温室。近年来,随着设施农业的快速发展,山东冬暖式日光温室的建造技术不断改进和提高,应用面积越来越广。下面以山东近年来较有代表性的第Ⅳ代、第Ⅴ代冬暖式日光温室为例,对其建造技术及应用进行介绍。1.温室类型及结构山东省作为冬暖式日光 相似文献
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日光温室冬季保温性能的好坏是制约菜农经济收入的重要因素之一,提高温室的保温性能、降低能耗是提高温室生产效益的最直接手段。该文以北京市延庆县为例,对当地土墙温室、土墙包砖温室和砖墙温室3种类型日光温室的温度进行了监测,对保温性能进行了对比分析,提出了日光温室增温保温效果的技术改进措施。 相似文献
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新疆新型高效节能日光温室标准化设计探讨 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
日光温室标准化设计的目的是为了提高新疆南北疆日光温室的综合性能,根据新疆的自然条件和气候特征,对两地区的日光温室建造参数进行标准化设计,通过对这两种结构日光温室的测试结果,分析在新疆独特气候下温室参数对日光温室性能的影响。温室保温性能验证实验表明:标准化设计的温室在南北疆喀什塔城两地分别在外界-10.7℃、-8.1℃低温环境下,其温室内冬至日的平均温度可达到19.9℃、22.8℃,最低温度为15.3℃、18.8℃,最高气温达到33℃、30.1℃,标准化设计温室保温效果好,并从实际生产角度充分验证了节能日光温室的使用性能。 相似文献
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BW-A型日光温室自动卷帘保温设施 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着农业结构的调整,我国北方地区农村以日光温室为主导产业的设施农业发展较快。“九五”期间,太原市市政府逐年加大“温室战略”的实施力度,建设规模不断扩大。到2003年全市日光温室已突破近40000栋的规模。但温室的生产手段和技术装备仍相当落后,室内作业基本以人工为主,绝大多数日光温室冬季保温仍采用传统的草帘子保温,而草帘子存在怕雨、怕风、怕雪等弱点,作业劳动强度大.使用寿命短,直接影响着温室生产的经济效益。针对传统作业存在的问题.太原市农机研究研制开发的BW-A型日光温室自动卷帘保温设施在普通绳拉式卷帘机的基础上,加入电子监控的操作功能,取得了良好的效果。 相似文献
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二代节能温室是在日光温室的基础上演化而成的,在设计上特别重视了采光蓄热和保温防寒。该温室结构简单,造价低,节能效果好,可生产多种蔬菜,经济效益较高。目前,这种温室的装备水平低,环境控制能力弱,不能种植对环境有严格要求的名特优蔬菜和花卉。要提高二代节能温室的调控能力,使其达到高标准,必须抓好相关设备的推广和应用,这是促进设施农业发展的关键。其主要设备如下: 相似文献
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不同跨度组装式日光温室光热环境性能研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为研究跨度对组装式日光温室温光环境的影响,选取8m、9m和10m跨度的组装式日光温室,以当地普通日光温室为对照,进行温室环境温度、光照性能观测和墙体热工性能分析。结果表明:各组装式日光温室墙体热稳定性远低于普通温室,平均最低温度较普通日光温室低1.27℃~5.30℃;组装式温室保温和采光性能随跨度增加而减小,1月份,8m跨度组装温室平均最低温度较9m和10m跨度温室高1.33℃和4.04℃,透光率高1.93%和7.67%,室内外最低温度差可达30.09℃;组装温室随跨度增大,室内温度变化越剧烈。综合分析认为,冬季组装式温室中8m跨度温室综合保温性能最好,组装式温室的保温性能随温室跨度的增加而下降,组装温室在没有辅助热源加温的情况下,不宜过度增加跨度。 相似文献
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《Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research》1998,69(3):249-254
A model to represent the discolouration of dried powder of carrots as a function of temperature was developed. Two types of carrots, Asian and European, containing large amount of lycopene and β-carotene, respectively, were tested. The dried powder was stored under an atmosphere with O2and at three different temperatures, 5,20 and 35°C. The surface colour of the powder was monitored during storage by a Hunter colour ratioa/b. In the proposed model, the rate of oxidation was assumed to be represented by the product of the fraction of concentration of oxidized pigment at arbitrary time and a specific rate of oxidation of pigment. The rate parameters in the proposed model were calculated by fitting the experimental data with smooth curves by trial and error at the end of the induction period but before discolouration took place. The frequency constant and activation energy, expressing the temperature dependence of the rate parameters, were expressed by the Arrhenius relation. The simulation results of a Hunter colour ratioa/bof dried powder at 25°C showed good agreement with the experimental data, suggesting that the proposed model was effective for the prediction of discolouration of dried powder of both types of carrot. The use of the induction period in the manner described may enable the shelf life of dried powder to be predicted. 相似文献
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感官检验棉花的品级,这是农村常见的一种检测手段.它的一个主要特点就是存在不确定性.这是由于检验员的品级检验水平存在一定的差异,其中有很多因素制约着检验的结果.文章对影响感官检验结果的因素进行了系统的分析. 相似文献
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The fractional outflow rate of water from the rumen, measured as the rate of disappearance of the chromium complex of ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, was related to a number of dietary factors. A multiple regression equation was derived which expressed fractional outflow rate as a function of the intakes of dry matter, ash, acid-detergent fibre and crude protein.The data analysed consisted of 243 observations for sheep on 59 diets, including forage, concentrate and mixed diets. The ranges covered by the data were: fractional outflow rate 0.7–3.6 day?1; dry matter intake 560–1400g/day; ash 4–30%, acid-detergent fibre 7–41%, crude protein 5–26 % of dry matter; there were no observations for sheep of less than 34 kg liveweight.The equation accounted for 56·3 % of the total variance. Between-sheep variance could not be calculated for the whole of the data but was undoubtedly substantial since, for a sixth of the data, it was known to account for 38 % of the total variance. 相似文献
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从灾害经济学的角度探讨了城镇供水优化调度的必要性和可能性,认为在缺水不可避免的情况下,对供水进行优化调度可以减小缺水带来的损失,产生较好的减灾效益,特别是可以大大减小严重干旱的灾害效应。并根据水资源的特性,提出了缺水损失的计算模式以及优化调度的原则和方法。 相似文献