Expression Analysis of THBS3 Gene in Different Tissues and Skeletal Muscles at Different Periods from Landrace and Tongcheng Pigs

To study the expression pattern of THBS3 gene in different tissues and during skeletal muscle development, the THBS3 gene expression in different tissues and skeletal muscles during prenatal periods (33, 45, 65, 70 and 90 d) and postnatal periods (0, 9, 30, 60, 120 and 160 d) from Landrace and Tongcheng pigs were detected by Real-time quantification PCR.The results showed that THBS3 gene widely expressed in all tissues examined, exhibiting similar spatial expression patterns with expression peaks in lung in both pig breeds except in stomach and intestine.Moreover, although THBS3 gene showed a significant higher expression level in gestation than after birth in Landrace and Tongcheng pigs (P<0.05), it exhibited different expression patterns between Landrace and Tongcheng pigs, the expression peak was detected at gestation day 45 in Landrace pig, while was detected at gestation day 65 in Tongcheng pig.The results suggested that THBS3 gene involved in skeletal muscle growth and development in pigs, as well as the regulation of asynchronization of skeletal muscle development in different pig breeds.     

THBS3基因在长白猪和通城猪不同组织和不同时期骨骼肌中的表达分析

本研究主要探究血小板反应蛋白3 (thrombospondin-3,THBS3)基因在不同组织及不同时期骨骼肌生长发育过程中的表达规律。利用实时荧光定量PCR方法对THBS3基因在长白猪和通城猪中的组织表达谱,以及在胚胎期(33、45、65、70和90 d)和出生后阶段(0、9、30、60、120和160 d)骨骼肌中的差异表达进行了比较分析。结果表明,THBS3基因广泛表达于长白猪和通城猪各个组织器官,除胃和肠中的表达存在差异外,其在两个猪种中的组织表达谱基本一致,在肺脏中表达量最高。THBS3基因在长白猪和通城猪胚胎期骨骼肌中的表达水平均显著高于出生后阶段(P<0.05),但胚胎期骨骼肌中的表达模式在两个猪种间存在一定差异,THBS3基因表达峰值出现在长白猪胚胎期45 d,而其在通城猪中表达峰值出现在胚胎期65 d。结果提示,THBS3基因参与了猪骨骼肌生长发育过程及不同类型猪种骨骼肌生长发育异步性的调控。     

microRNA-155在长白猪和通城猪骨骼肌发育过程中的表达分析

本研究旨在分析miR-155在长白猪(瘦肉型)和通城猪(脂肪型)骨骼肌发育过程中的表达变化,以了解其在猪肌肉发育中的重要作用。选用长白猪和通城猪不同发育时期(胚胎期12个时期,出生后10个时期)骨骼肌为材料,利用Stem-Loop RT-PCR方法检测miR-155的表达变化。此外,本研究还分析了miR-155在成年通城猪各组织的表达。结果,miR-155在长白和通城猪骨骼肌发育过程中差异表达呈现不同的表达模式。在通城猪中,miR-155在小肠和肺中表达量较高,在心脏和胎盘中度表达,而在其他组织中表达较低。结果提示,miR-155可能参与猪肌细胞增殖和分化,从而影响猪骨骼肌发育,与猪肌肉的表型有关。     

基于选择信号分析揭示猪终端父本群体间性状趋同的关键基因

【目的】试验旨在揭示终端父本皮特兰猪与杜洛克猪在人工选择作用下重要经济性状呈现出表型趋同的基因组变化特征。【方法】利用376头皮特兰猪、451头杜洛克猪品系Ⅰ、841头杜洛克猪品系Ⅱ和497头杜洛克猪品系Ⅲ群体的50K SNP芯片数据,以100 kb窗口、50 kb步长计算综合单倍型评分(iHS)和等位基因频率差(△AF),分别取前5%作为猪群体内、群体间的基因组选择信号候选区域;利用bedtools分别对iHS、△AF按照左右200 kb进行合并,每2个群体间合并后的iHS、△AF统计量的重叠区域定义为性状趋同区域,并挖掘该区域与猪重要经济性状相关的平行选择信号。【结果】iHS结果显示,在皮特兰猪和杜洛克猪4个群体内共检测到5 112个选择信号候选区域,总长约487.51 Mb。基于△AF方法,于皮特兰猪和杜洛克猪每2个群体间共检测到9 579个选择信号显著区域,总长约913.50 Mb。基于合并后的iHS和△AF,共检测到52个性状趋同区域,总长约4.67 Mb,注释到88个与猪的繁殖、胴体和肉质等性状相关的平行选择候选基因。【结论】皮特兰猪和杜洛克猪群体间存在性状趋同的基因组选择区域有52个,平行选择信号主要涉及猪的繁殖、胴体及肉质等重要经济性状,这与瘦肉型猪种相同的育种方向相关,这些关键基因的发现可为后续商业猪品种遗传改良提供参考。     

不同猪种5-羟色胺受体基因的表达及其与肉质的相关性分析

为研究5-羟色胺（5-HT）受体基因在不同猪种的表达及其与肉质的关系,试验选取淳安花猪与杜长大三元猪各12头,同时饲喂,达上市体重时分别屠宰,测定胴体、肉质性状及肌肉、脂肪中的5-HT受体基因表达量。结果表明：淳安花猪、杜长大三元猪的平均屠宰体重分别为88.1、102.4kg;淳安花猪的板油率、背膘厚、肌内脂肪等指标均显著高于杜长大三元猪（P〈0.05）;屠宰率、眼肌面积杜长大三元猪显著高于淳安花猪（P〈0.05）。5-HT2A、5-HT7受体基因在2个猪种脂肪组织中的表达量均显著高于肌肉组织（P〈0.05）,杜长大三元猪的肌肉中5-HT2A、5-HT7表达量显著低于淳安花猪（P〈0.05）,而脂肪中表达量两猪种间差异不显著。5-HT2A、5-HT7受体基因表达量与屠宰肉质指标之间基本呈负相关,尤其是肌肉中的5-HT2A表达量,呈较强负相关（杜长大三元猪）或显著负相关（淳安花猪）。研究初步认为,5-HT受体基因在中外猪种之间存在表达差异,并与屠宰肉质性状具有相关性。     

部分引进猪种α1-岩藻糖转移酶基因多态性研究

本研究采用PCR RFLP技术对4个引进猪种杜洛克、约克夏、长白猪和皮特兰共计122头猪的FUT1基因进行了多态性分析。结果表明：4个猪种在该FUT1基因座位存在多态性，但抗性基因型AA仅在杜洛克和皮特兰猪中分布。卡方检验结果表明，长白猪与皮特兰间FUT1基因基因型分布差异极显著，长白猪与杜洛克猪之间差异显著，约克夏与皮特兰间差异也显著。     

不同猪种ESR基因多态性的PCR-RFLP分析

运用PCR-RFLP方法,检测了杜洛克、约克夏、长白猪、皮特兰、梅山猪、二花脸猪、枫泾猪、荣昌猪、苏太猪等9个国内外猪种的ESR基因PvuⅡ位点多态性。结果表明,在约克夏猪、二花脸猪、枫泾猪和苏太猪中检测到了AA、AB、BB 3种基因型,在杜洛克猪、皮特兰猪中检测到AB、BB 2种基因型,在长白猪、梅山猪、荣昌猪中只检测到了AB基因型。在本研究中不同品种的A、B基因频率差异显著,总体上在国外猪群体中A等位基因为优势等位基因,而地方猪种中B等位基因为优势等位基因。     

猪骨骼肌发育过程中免疫相关基因的表达分析

为探究猪骨骼肌发育过程中免疫相关基因的表达模式以及相关生物学功能,本研究根据蓝塘猪和长白猪骨骼肌10个发育时期的转录组数据,对各时期免疫相关基因的表达数目和表达量进行分析,鉴定了相邻发育时期之间以及同一时期品种间差异表达的免疫相关基因,并对后者进行功能注释分析。结果表明:在蓝塘猪与长白猪骨骼肌发育过程中存在1 129个表达的免疫相关基因;胚胎期35 d和49 d、胚胎期91 d和生后期2d这2组相邻时期之间的差异表达免疫相关基因数目最多;品种间差异表达免疫相关基因数目则在胚胎期49d以及生后期180d最多,且趋向于在蓝塘猪上调表达,并富集在NIK/NF-κB信号传导、细胞凋亡的负调控等生物学过程中。本研究表明免疫相关基因在猪骨骼肌发育过程中存在表达,长白猪与蓝塘猪骨骼肌生长发育差异可能与NF-κB介导的细胞凋亡有关。     

Expression and location of IGF binding proteins-2, -4, and -5 in developing fetal tissues.

Insulin-like growth factors are associated with myogenesis in vivo, and their actions are mediated by IGF binding proteins (IGFBP). Sites of IGFBP production and their location during early development are not clear. The objective of this research was to examine the developmental expression and location of IGFBP-2, -4, and -5 mRNA and peptides in developing porcine skeletal muscle and liver. Pregnant pigs were euthanatized at various times postconception (pc). Developmental expression of IGFBP was evaluated using total RNA extracted from skeletal muscle and liver of 30-, 44-, 59-, 68-, 75-, 89-, and 109-d pc fetuses and from adult and neonatal pigs. Localization of IGFBP-2, -4, and -5 mRNA and peptides was examined by in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry of muscle samples from contralateral pelvic limbs of each pig. Overall muscle IGFBP gene expression decreased (P < .05) with increasing age. Moreover, expression of liver IGFBP-2 and -5, but not of IGFBP-4, was greater (P < .05) during prenatal than during postnatal periods. The majority of immunoreactive IGFBP was located in developing muscle cells, with little localized to connective tissue, except at later stages of development. These data show that IGFBP-2, -4, and -5 expression is time- and tissue-dependent in fetal liver and muscle.     

猪骨骼肌纤维类型和能量代谢相关基因的表达特性研究

【目的】研究马身猪、晋汾白猪和杜长大猪骨骼肌肌纤维类型和能量代谢相关基因的表达特性。【方法】选取6月龄马身猪、晋汾白猪和杜长大猪,屠宰后采集背最长肌和趾长伸肌,采用HE染色检测肌纤维的直径、密度和横截面积,通过实时荧光定量PCR分别检测Ⅰ型、Ⅱa型、Ⅱb型和Ⅱx型肌纤维的标记基因(MYH7、MYH2、MYH4和MYH1),线粒体活性相关基因(ATP5A1、PGC1-α和PPARβ),电子传递链活性相关基因(UQCRC2、SDHA、NDUFA9),以及糖酵解活性相关基因(LDHA、LDHB和GK)的表达量。【结果】马身猪背最长肌肌纤维直径和横截面积均显著低于晋汾白猪和杜长大猪,而密度显著高于晋汾白猪和杜长大猪(P<0.05);马身猪和晋汾白猪趾长伸肌肌纤维直径和横截面积均显著低于杜长大猪,而密度显著高于杜长大猪(P<0.05)。马身猪背最长肌MYH7基因的表达量最高,晋汾白猪最低;马身猪和晋汾白猪趾长伸肌MYH7基因的表达量显著高于杜长大猪(P<0.05)。马身猪背最长肌和趾长伸肌MYH2基因的表达量显著高于晋汾白猪和杜长大猪,晋汾白猪趾长伸肌MYH2基因的表达量显著高于杜长大猪(P<0.05)。马身猪背最长肌MYH4基因的表达量显著低于晋汾白猪和杜长大猪,马身猪和晋汾白猪趾长伸肌MYH4基因的表达量显著低于杜长大猪(P<0.05)。马身猪背最长肌中ATP5A1和PGC1-α基因的表达量均显著低于晋汾白猪和杜长大猪,晋汾白猪PGC1-α和PPARβ基因的表达量均显著低于杜长大猪(P<0.05);马身猪和晋汾白猪趾长伸肌中ATP5A1、PGC1-α和PPARβ基因的表达量均显著低于杜长大猪(P<0.05)。晋汾白猪背最长肌中UQCRC2、SDHA和NDUFA9基因的表达量均显著低于杜长大猪和马身猪(P<0.05);晋汾白猪和马身猪趾长伸肌中UQCRC2、SDHA和NDUFA9基因的表达量均显著低于杜长大猪,马身猪UQCRC2和SDHA基因的表达量均显著低于晋汾白猪(P<0.05)。晋汾白猪和马身猪背最长肌和趾长伸肌中LDHA、LDHB和GK基因的表达量均显著低于杜长大猪(P<0.05)。【结论】马身猪骨骼肌肌纤维直径和横截面积都较小,Ⅰ型和Ⅱa型肌纤维标记基因的表达量较高;杜长大猪骨骼肌Ⅱb型肌纤维标记基因的表达量较高,氧化磷酸化和糖酵解相关基因的表达量均较高。     

猪circ0015292的鉴定及其在卵泡中的表达研究

试验旨在通过高通量测序及生物信息学分析circRNA在猪卵泡发育过程中的作用及其可能的机制,为进一步探索circRNA对猪卵泡发育的调控机理奠定生物学基础。采集梅山和杜洛克猪不同级别的卵泡及各组织样本,提取总RNA,采用RNA-Seq技术对卵泡中差异表达的circRNA进行筛选,同时验证并分析其在梅山猪和杜洛克猪卵泡中的表达情况,并用实时荧光定量PCR进行组织表达谱分析。结果显示:试验证实了circ0015292的存在,且其在肌肉、心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、卵巢、输卵管、子宫、垂体及下丘脑中均有不同程度的表达,在心脏、脾脏、肺脏、卵巢中的表达量相对较高;circ0015292在梅山猪S卵泡中的表达量极显著高于杜洛克猪(P<0.01),在杜洛克猪M1、M2、L卵泡中的表达量均显著高于梅山猪(P<0.05);其潜在靶基因GADD45G、CCR2、IL20RB、CFL1、LAMB3与猪的卵泡发育相关。综合试验结果,circ0015292在不同组织、不同时期卵泡中均有不同水平的表达;部分靶标基因参与细胞周期及卵巢发育相关信号通路,提示其可能通过对靶基因的调控作用间接参与卵泡发育过程,这为猪繁殖机理的研究提供了新思路。     

Effect of recombinant porcine somatotropin on growth and carcass quality in growing pigs: interactions with genotype, gender and slaughter weight

Effects of recombinant porcine somatotropin (rpST) on growth, lean tissue growth, feed intake, feed conversion, lean tissue feed conversion, backfat thickness and lean percentage were examined in 96 growing pigs. The experiment used barrows and gilts from the genotypes Duroc, F1 (Dutch Yorkshire x Dutch Landrace) and Pietrain. Half the pigs received 14 mg rpST i.m. twice each week starting at 60 kg; others received a placebo. Pigs had ad libitum access to a diet containing 2,162 kcal net energy and 182 g crude protein per kilogram and were slaughtered at either 100 or 140 kg live weight. From 60 to 100 and from 100 to 140 kg, live weight responses to rpST averaged as follows: daily gain, +4.5 and +19.9%; feed intake, -4.4 and +3.5%; feed conversion, -8.4 and -13.9%; backfat thickness, -13.8 and -22.8%; lean percentage, +4.4 and +8.7%; lean tissue growth rate, +8.6 and +35.8%; and lean tissue feed conversion, -13.1 and -24.9%. No gender x rpST interaction was detected. However, a genotype x treatment interaction was significant for backfat thickness at both slaughter weights, showing a higher response to rpST in Duroc than in Pietrain and F1. Growth performance was improved more by rpST in F1 and Pietrain than in Duroc, especially at higher weights, but carcass traits were improved more by rpST in Duroc. The response to rpST in lean tissue growth rate from 60 to 100 kg was highest in fatter animals (Duroc, barrows), whereas from 100 to 140 kg, response in lean tissue growth rate to rpST was highest in leaner animals (Pietrain, F1, gilts).     

梅山与杜洛克母猪发情前期卵巢组织差异表达基因的分离与鉴定

为了探讨梅山与杜洛克母猪卵巢差异表达基因对猪排卵与繁殖性状的影响,应用mRNA差异显示技术研究梅山猪与杜洛克猪卵巢中基因表达的差异性,分离9条在纯种梅山猪与纯种杜洛克猪卵巢中差异表达的表达序列标签(ESTs),并用半定量RT-PCR鉴定。通过BLAST比对发现,其中有3条EST与GenBank序列同源性较高。组织表达谱分析揭示了这些ESTs在梅山猪心脏、肝脏、肺脏、肾脏、肌肉、脂肪、小肠、大脑、卵巢、子宫、脾脏、输卵管等各个组织中的表达有不同程度的差异。研究结果表明,梅山猪和杜洛克猪卵巢之间的不同基因差异表达的方向存在差异,这些差异表达的基因可能在某种程度上导致猪繁殖力的差异,进而为研究影响猪排卵数的分子机理调控网络打下基础。     

猪CA5B基因的序列特征和表达分析

旨在通过分析猪CA5B(线粒体碳酸酐酶 VB,carbonic anhydrase 5b,mitochondria;CA5B/CA VB/Car5b)基因的序列特征和时空表达,解析CA5B对猪组织器官发育和代谢的影响.本研究采集6头240日龄贵州猪(公、母各3头)的心、肝、脾、肺、肾、皮下脂肪、背最长肌、睾丸、卵巢,采...     

Study on Differences of UCP3 Gene Expression of Reciprocal Crosses F1 with Luchuan Pig and Duroc Pig

In order to breed high quality pig strain and improve the pork quality,the intramuscular fat content and the differences of UCP3 gene expression were studied in Luchuan pigs with Duroc reciprocal cross F1 and its parents Luchaun pigs.8 head of Luchuan pigs,Luchuan pigs with Duroc reciprocal cross F1 generation were respectively selected to analyze the correlation of UCP3 gene expression with intramuscular fat and eye muscle area.Expression of UCP3 mRNA in muscles of different pig breeds were measured by Real-time RT-PCR,and the eye muscle area and intramuscular fat content were measured too.The results indicated that the eye muscle area,intramuscular fat and the UCP3 gene expression were significantly different in the three groups of pigs (P<0.05).The crossbreds inherited the big body size of Duroc,and the high intramuscular fat content of Luchuan pig.The extremely significantly negative correlations were observed between UCP3 gene expression and the pig eye muscle area,the extremely significantly positive correlations were observed between UCP3 gene expression and intramuscular fat content.UCP3 gene should be the main candidate gene for fat trait research in pigs.