高产优质早熟玉米杂交种豫审濮单3号的选育及应用

濮单3号(P9734)是河南省濮阳农科所1995年育成,组合为P97×9212.该组合属中早熟品种,需≥10℃积温2 300℃·d左右.1995～2000年在各级产量试验中表现高产、稳产、优质、多抗.适宜在我国黄淮及东华北春玉米产区种植.种植密度以每公顷5.25～6.00万株为宜,高产攻关田可种植到每公顷6.75万株左右。     

高产、优质、多抗玉米杂交种鲁单50的选育与推广

鲁单50是山东省农科院玉米研究所1990年育成,组合为鲁原92×齐319。该品种属中熟品种,需≥10℃积温2 400℃*d左右。1991～1997年在各级产量试验中表现高产、稳产、优质、多抗,在1995～1996年省区试和1997年生产试验中,产量均居首位。适宜在我国各主要玉米产区种植。种植密度以每公顷6万株为宜,高产攻关田可种植到每公顷6.75～7.50万株。制种时,正反交均可,母本早播5～7d,父母本行比以1∶4为宜。     

优质、高产玉米新品种廊玉6号的选育与推广

廊玉6号是河北省廊坊师院(原廊坊师范专科学校)生物系1995年育成,组合为廊系1×5237.该品种属于中早熟品种,需≥10℃积温2 300℃·d左右.1996～1998年在各级产量试验中表现高产、稳产、优质、多抗、早熟.适宜在我国各主要玉米产区种植.种植密度以每公顷6万株为宜.制种时父母本可同期播种。     

合玉19玉米新品种选育

合玉19(合96-7064)由黑龙江省农科院合江农科所1993年育成,组合南5×东北虎.该品种属于中早熟品种,需≥10℃积温2 340.13℃·d.1995～1999年在各级产量试验中表现高产、稳产、优质、多抗,适宜在我省第二积温带及第三积温带上限地区种植,种植密度一般以每公顷4.5～5.0万株为宜.制种时,父母本可同期播种,父母本种植比例为1∶4。     

中晚熟玉米杂交种四单151选育报告

四单151由吉林省四平市农科院玉米所1988年育成，组合412×M67。该品种为中晚熟品种，出苗至成熟128天，需要≥10℃活动积温2650℃。1989～1995年参加各类试验均表现高产、稳产、优质、抗倒伏。在每公顷5.0万株密度下，平均公顷产量9753.7kg，比中单2号增产12.7%。适宜在吉林省中部平原区及东部山间平地半湿润区中上等地块种植。清种密度一般每公顷4.5～5.0万株为宜。制和父母本同期播种，父母本行比1:4或2:6，父母本公顷保苗6.0万株。     

玉米杂交种绥玉6号(绥310)的选育与推广利用

绥玉6号(绥310)由黑龙江省农科院绥化农科所1990年育成，组合杂C546×L105．该品种属中早熟种，出苗至成熟115天(绥化市)，需≥10℃活动积温约2400℃。1991～1995年在各类产量试验中表现高产、优质、适应性广。在公顷5.0万株密度下，平均公顷产量7850.8kg，比对照品种东农248增产11.5%。适宜黑龙江省第二积温带东部低湿区、第三积温带西部平原丘陵区及吉林省东部半山区种植。一般4月下旬至5月初播种为宜，种植密度每公顷4.5～5.0万株，肥水条件好的地区或地块每公顷保苗可达5.5万株。制种父母本可同期播种，父母本种植行比1:4。     

豫审濮单5号玉米的选育及特征特性

濮单5号(濮3612)是河南省濮阳农科所育成的玉米新杂交种,组合为P36×9212.该杂交种属中熟品种,表现高产、稳产、优质、多抗,需≥10℃积温2 400℃·d左右.1996～2001年在河南省各级产量试验中,产量较对照种增产9.0%～28.7%.该品种适宜在河南省夏玉米产区种植,种植密度以每公顷5.25万株左右为宜。     

玉米新品种四单158的选育与开发

四单158由吉林省四平市农业科学院玉米所1992年育成,组合D387×丹340-3.该品种属于晚熟品种,需≥10℃积温2 800℃·d.1993～1998年在各级产量试验中表现高产、稳产、优质、多抗.适宜我省中、西部地区的西单2、新铁10、新铁12、吉单159、掖单19适应区内种植.种植密度一般每公顷4.5～5.0万株为宜。     

玉米新品种四早154的选育与推广

四早154由吉林省四平市农科院玉米所1991年育成,组合D801×444。该品种属于中早熟品种,需≥10℃积温2 300℃.d。1992～1996年在各级产量试验中表现高产、稳产、优质、多抗。适宜我省东部半山区及黑龙江省第二、三积温带、内蒙古兴安盟地区种植。种植密度一般以每公顷5.0～5.5万株为宜。     

高产优质多抗玉米新品种鄂玉17的选育及栽培技术

鄂玉17是湖北省恩施州天池山农科所1998年冬在海南配制的玉米三交种,组合为(18611×4824)×Y8G61-512.该品种需≥10℃积温2760℃·d,属中晚熟玉米品种.各级试验示范结果表明:鄂玉17比选育地现有主推玉米品种增产3%～20%,具有增产潜力大、品质优、抗多种病害和适应性强的特点.该品种适宜在湖北省二高山区、低山区及武陵山区适应区种植,单作密度为每公顷5.25万～6.00万株,套作密度为每公顷4.20万～4.80万株.该品种制种产量高,制种父母本行比为1:6。     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键,是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实"育繁推一体化"种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中,受制于行业发展水平,种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程,提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要,在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上,分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求,加强种业应用性研究,建立先进的种子质量检验体系,研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备,打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系,完善种业科学技术学科建设,促进种业产业持续健康发展。