甘南藏羊泰勒焦虫病的诊断与防治

藏羊泰勒焦虫病，是由泰勒科（Theileriidae）泰勒属（Theileria）的原虫所引起的一种寄生虫病。成年羊发病率高达99．5％，致死率为44．4％；羔羊发病率为92％，致死率竟达95．6％。     

甘肃省永靖县羊泰勒虫病流行病学调查

采用传统的调查方法,查出在甘肃省永靖县羊泰勒虫病的流行区域是:关山、徐顶、陈井、三条岘、盐锅峡、太极、刘家峡、杨塔、王台、红泉等10个乡镇56个村;羊泰勒虫病的传播媒介是青海血蜱;发病季节主要是3~5月份,9~10月份也有少量羊只发病。羔羊和从非疫区引进的羊只发病率高,平均发病率达58.72%,致死率达55.62%;成年羊发病率为22.09%,致死率为30.23%;3~6月份羊带虫率分别是:羔羊83.69%,成年羊52.43%。绵、山羊发病率无差异。流行区蜱种有革蜱属、血蜱属和璃眼蜱属3属4种:森林革蜱、草原革蜱、青海血蜱和麻点璃眼蜱。青海血蜱和森林革蜱为流行区羊体寄生的广布种。     

永靖县羊血液原虫病流行病学调查

采用传统的调查方法,查明永靖县羊血液原虫病的病原为羊泰勒虫和绵羊无浆体;流行区域是:关山、徐顶、陈井、三条岘、盐锅峡、太极、刘家峡、杨塔、王台、红泉等10个乡镇56个村;羊泰勒虫病的传播媒介是青海血蜱;绵羊无浆体传播媒介为草原革蜱;发病季节主要是3—5月份,9—10月份也有少量羊只发病。羔羊和从非疫区引进的羊只发病率高,平均发病率达58.72%,致死率达55.62%;成年羊发病率为22.09%,致死率为30.23%;3—6月份羊带虫率分别是:羔羊83.69%,成年羊52.43%。绵、山羊发病率无差异。流行区蜱种有:森林革蜱、草原革蜱、青海血蜱和麻点璃眼蜱3属4种。青海血蜱和森林革蜱为流行区羊体寄生的广布种。     

甘肃省临潭县羊泰勒焦虫病调查防治报告

<正>羊泰勒虫病在甘肃省甘南藏族自治州的农区和半农半牧区广泛流行,通常造成羊只大批死亡,严重影响当地养羊业的健康持续发展。笔者采用传统的病原学检查方法对甘南临潭县羊泰勒虫病的分布情况进行调查,对发病季节、媒介蜱、感染率、发病率、致死率进行统计,并提出防治措施。     

甘南地区羊泰勒虫病的预防与治疗试验

2004年-2005年在甘南藏族自治州羊泰勒虫病流行的农区、半农半牧区及半林半牧区，进行最佳灭蜱药物试验和治疗羊泰勒虫病效果对比观察试验。结果表明：最佳灭蜱药物是长效阿力佳注射液和灭蜱灵油剂，平均有效期分别为44d、36d，灭蜱预防后发病率降到5．00％、2．86％；蒿甲醚、血虫克星、焦虫净及贝尼尔注射液对羊泰勒虫病的治愈率分别为92．30％、91．76％、90．47％7和90．43％，其治疗效果均较好，特别对发病初期轻症病羊治疗效果好。     

羊泰勒焦虫病预防及对育肥羊生长速度、口蹄疫免疫抗体和母羊繁殖率影响试验

羊泰勒焦虫病是由梨形虫纲、泰勒科、泰勒属的羊泰勒焦虫寄生于羊红细胞和网状内皮系统细胞引起的一种蜱传血液原虫病。临床以高热稽留、发病率高、致死率高为特征。本试验在蜱、焦虫病流行病学调查和蜱驱杀试验基础上,首先对羊泰勒焦虫病进行了预防试验,取得了较好地效果,在此试验基础上又进行了羊泰勒焦虫病对育肥羊生长速度、口蹄疫灭活疫苗免疫抗体和母羊繁殖率影响观察试验,使人们对羊泰勒焦虫病的危害性有进一步深入了解,从而加强对传播者蜱、羊泰勒焦虫病的防控力度,减少羊的发病和死亡,保证养羊业的健康发展,提高养羊的经济效益。     

羊焦虫病的防治措施

羊焦虫病是由寄生在羊红细胞中的巴贝斯虫或泰勒虫引起的一种原虫病,发病率和死亡率均高,常呈地方性或散发性流行。该病具有明显的季节性,这与传播者蜱的生活规律有关。不同品种和年龄的羊只均可发病,外购羊只发病率高于当地羊只,舍饲羊群较少发生或不发生。羊感染焦虫病后出现消瘦、贫血、水肿等症状,与饲养管理不当引起的贫血、体内寄生虫病表现症状相似,因此,应尽早予以确诊。     

甘肃省羊血液原虫病控制技术

目的　为查明甘肃省羊血液原虫病的病原 ,制订控制技术而开展本调查。方法　于 1 998～ 2 0 0 1年在病情流行的 1 1个试点对羊只进行检查。结果　检出病原为羊泰勒虫 ( Theileria.sp)和绵羊边虫 ( Anoplasma ovis)两种 ,主要致病病原为羊泰勒虫 ,羊泰勒虫病发病季节为 2～ 6月 ,4月下旬到 5月上旬为发病高峰期 ;流行区查出硬蜱 4属 7种。麻点璃眼蜱属我省首次发现和报道。黄羊感染羊泰勒虫病目前未见资料报道。结论　羊泰勒虫人工传播试验证实青海血蜱是我省羊泰勒虫传播媒介 ,麻点璃眼蜱不传播羊泰勒虫     

羊焦虫病防治技术

羊焦虫病是由泰勒科的山羊泰勒焦虫引起的血液原虫病。1 流行特点主要感染4月龄以上的羊只,纯种小尾寒羊比本地土种羊易感,无性别差异;集中发生于春秋两季,其它季节呈零星散发;流行程度主要随羊只流动漫延扩散,自然发病率高,致死率100%。     

灭焦敏对羊泰勒焦虫病疗效观察

灭焦敏对羊泰勒焦虫病疗效观察柴阳春，马毓寿，汪源泉，符文英，王文勇（互助县畜牧兽医工作站８１０５００）１９９３年５月和１９９４年５月我们在互助北山地区做过两次羊泰勒焦虫病调查，发病率为２８．２６％，死亡率为发病羊的３３．８％。同时，试用灭焦敏（口服片...     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.