家兔腓肠肌和胫前肌NADH-TR染色的探讨

研究成年家兔腓肠肌内外侧头和胫前肌的肌纤维构成比例与分布.应用烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸四唑氧化还原酶（NADH-TR）染色法,观察比较各型肌纤维的组织化学特性.结果表明：NADH-TR染色,依据其肌纤维内线粒体和肌质网显示紫色或紫蓝色,肌原纤维中的肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白不着色,可以分为Ⅰ型、ⅡA型、ⅡB型肌纤维,横切面呈多边形或椭圆形,以镶嵌交叉方式排列.三种类型的肌纤维在腓肠肌内侧头中分别约占15.2%,27.4%和57.4%,在站立负荷中提供足够肌力和稳定机体姿势的作用;在腓肠肌外侧头中分别约占13.7%,65.4%和20.9%,主要参与力量和速度运动,提供奔跑,跳跃中的推进动力;在胫前肌中约占10.9%,52.3%和36.8%,维持跗关节稳定,参与保持足弓形状与弹性,完成足跖屈和足内翻运动.腓肠肌内外侧头和胫前肌的三型肌纤维直径有所差异,其中Ⅰ型纤维为57.50～58.40 μm,ⅡA型纤维为59.25～75.40 μm,ⅡB型纤维为73.25～97.85 μm.ⅡB型纤维的横切面积最大,ⅡA型纤维的横切面积中等,Ⅰ型纤维的横切面积最小.     

Glaucoma in a New Zealand White Rabbit Fed High-cholesterol Diet

Goniodysgenesis, malformation of the filtration angle, was observed in a New Zealand white rabbit supplied with 100 g/day rabbit chow containing 0.2% cholesterol for 10 months. Histopathology revealed cupping of the optic disc, atrophy of the retina and hyalinization of the ciliary body in the bilateral eyeballs. These findings corresponded with histopathological features caused by glaucoma. On the basis of these findings, we diagnosed this lesion as glaucoma, and classified it as primary glaucoma because of the presence of developmental defects of the filtration angle. In this case, hypercholesterolemia-induced changes, such as aggregation of lipid-laden macrophages and cholesterin clefts in the sclera or choroid, might cause deterioration of the lesions in glaucoma.     

德国大白兔与新西兰兔早期生长规律及饲料转化效率的比较

对德国大白兔、新西兰兔两个品种的早期生长规律及对不同饲料的转化效率进行研究比较。结果表明：无论是德国大白兔,还是新西兰兔,都表现出早期生长快的特点,而且以３０－７５日龄生长最快,在此期间,新西兰兔日增重平均为３２．１ｇ,德国大白兔为４３．６ｇ;与新西兰兔相比,德国大白兔生长更快,整个试验期的日增重始终高于新西兰兔;从饲料报酬看,对同一饲料,虽然德国大白兔的饲料报酬高于新西兰兔,但差异不显著（Ｐ＞０     

新西兰白兔屠宰率的通径分析

选用代表循环、呼吸、消化、免疫等生理系统的内脏器官，以各内脏器官与胴体重的比率作为代表指标，对它们与屠宰率进行了通径分析。结果表明，心重率和脾重率是影响屠宰率的主要内脏器官性状，其他各器官主要是通过心脏来对屠宰率产生影响的。     

Postnatal Osteological Development of the Hyoid Bone in the New Zealand White Rabbit

This study augments knowledge of bone growth by observing the development of the hyoid bone in the New Zealand White rabbit. Preserved hyoid bones representing five different age periods, each period including five individuals and the total number of animals being 25, were fixed in 3.5% formaldehyde solution and 95% ethanol, followed by a pure acetone bath. They were then stained with an alcian blue–alizarin red combination. The mode of bone formation was intracartilaginous type ossification. While the basihyoideum and thyrohyoideum were observed to start ossifying first at prenatal stage, indicating that they are the main skeletal structures of the hyoid apparatus, the ceratohyoideum and lingual process began to ossify in the second and third periods. The separately occurring primary ossification centres fused completely among themselves in the fifth period. Because no further ossification centers were observed and the ossified parts continued the development and growth, the research was terminated after 10 weeks of age.     

普那菊苣饲喂新西兰肉兔的效果研究

利用普那菊苣配合精料育肥新西兰肉兔,在5个精青料搭配组合中,精青料比为1:20时,只日均增重为 22.63 g,屠宰率为68.39％,经济效益为9.53元,与其他组合差异显著,是一个比较理想的搭配组合,可直接用于生产推广。     

白色獭兔R新品系的选育研究

本项研究根据分子遗传育种理论和技术,利用生产性能优良和遗传距离较大的美系獭兔(单倍型A1、Z7)和德系獭兔(单倍型A1、G1)进行两品系杂交,采用继代选育,培育出了适应性强、生产性能好、遗传性能稳定的白色獭兔R新品系。该品系主要生产性能:窝产活仔数7.10±0.85只,3周龄窝重2061.40±210.82g,6周龄窝重4493.48±502.70g,8周龄体重1268.52±143.12g,13周龄体重2016.92±224.18g,22周龄体重3040.44±263.34g,体尺(体长、胸围)43.39±2.24cm、26.57±1.29cm,22周龄成活率84.7%。被毛密度22935±2737根/cm2,被毛细度16.78±0.94μm,被毛长度17.46±1.09mm。     

Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in isoflurane-anesthetized New Zealand White rabbits

Objective

To characterize the pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine when administered as a short intravenous (IV) infusion to isoflurane-anesthetized rabbits.

白色獭兔R新品系主要经济性状的参数估测研究

在对新育成的白色獭兔R品系选育群各世代间的选择进展作了遗传响应分析,并对其主要经济性状的遗传参数作出了估测。     

日本大耳白兔、新西兰兔血液蛋白多态性的研究

采用垂直板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对日本大耳白兔、新西兰兔血液中的血清转铁蛋白 (Tf)、前转铁蛋白 (Prt)、后白蛋白 (Po)、血液结合素 (Hp)、红细胞酯酶 (ES - 1、ES - 2和ES - 3)等 7个蛋白座位进行测定。结果表明 :这 7个座位均呈多态。在多态座位中 ,Tf、Prt、Po、Hp、ES - 1、ES - 2、ES - 3分别出现 3、3、6、3、3和 3种表型 ,受 2、2、3、2、2和 2个共显性等位基因控制。X2 检验表明 ,新西兰兔在这 7个座位上均处于平衡状态 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,日本大耳白兔在Tf、Po、ES -1、ES - 34个座位处于平衡 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,而在Prt、Hp、ES - 2出现不平衡状态 (P <0 .0 5 )。     

齐卡巨型兔结膜炎病症细菌学研究

为了研究齐卡巨型兔结膜炎病症细菌学,试验采用了细菌分离鉴定、生化试验、分子生物学鉴定方法.分离鉴定结果表明:鉴定分离菌为金黄色葡萄球菌;动物试验研究结果显示,分离菌腹腔接种攻毒小白鼠致死率为50％,能100％复制齐卡巨型兔病例;药敏试验显示,分离菌对链霉素、庆大霉素、磺胺甲噁唑表现为耐药性,对红霉素、头孢噻呋、恩诺沙星...     

Salivary Gland Adenocarcinoma in a Domestic Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

A 2.4 kg, 7-year-old, female Rex rabbit was presented with a 4-month history of a left-sided head tilt, difficulty in mastication, lethargy, and chronic wasting. Diagnostic testing of the patient revealed a severe heterophilic leukocytosis and radiographic images of the skull radiographs indicated irregularity of the left tympanic bulla. A computed tomographic scan highlighted a heterogeneously contrast-enhancing mass, ventral and rostral to the left tympanic bulla, with contrast enhancement of the meninges on the left, consistent with an aggressive neoplasm. The patient was euthanized and the mass was identified as a salivary gland adenocarcinoma. The gland of origin is suspected to be the left parotid, owing to its location and close association with normal parotid tissue. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of a salivary gland adenocarcinoma in a domestic rabbit. A computed tomography (CT) scan and histopathology examination were useful modalities for identifying the neoplasm in this case.     

Morphometric analysis of progressive changes in hereditary cerebellar cortical degenerative disease (abiotrophy) in rabbits caused by abnormal synaptogenesis

We previously investigated rabbit hereditary cerebellar cortical degenerative disease, called cerebellar cortical abiotrophy in the veterinary field, and determined that the pathogenesis of this disease is the result of failed synaptogenesis between parallel fibers and Purkinje cells. In this study, longitudinal changes in the development and atrophy of the cerebellum of rabbits with hereditary abiotrophy after birth were morphometrically examined (postnatal day [PD] 15 and 42) using image analysis. Although development of the cerebellum in rabbits with abiotrophy was observed from PD 15 to PD 42, the growth rate of the cerebellum was less than that in normal rabbits. In rabbits with abiotrophy, the number of granular cells undergoing apoptosis was significantly higher at PD 15 and dramatically decreased at PD 42. The number of granular cells did not increase from PD 15 to 42. The synaptogenesis peak at PD 15 occurred when the largest number of apoptotic granular cells in rabbits with abiotrophy was observed. Although 26% to 36% of parallel fiber terminals formed synaptic junctions with Purkinje cell spines, the remainder did not at PD 15 and 42. The rate of failure of synaptogenesis in the present study might be specific to this case of abiotrophy. Morphometric analysis revealed detailed changes in development and atrophy in animals with postnatal cerebellar disease occurring soon after birth.     

塞北兔红细胞酯酶(Es-1,Es-3)遗传多态性研究

采用垂直板聚丙烯酰胺线性浓度梯度凝胶电泳法,对216只塞北兔红细胞酯酶(Es-1,Es-3)的遗传多态性进行了检测。结果表明,在塞北兔群体中,红细胞酯酶(Es-1,Es-3)均呈多态,各有3种表型,受2个共显性等位基因A和B控制。X2检验结果表明,塞北兔群体在Es-1和Es-3位点处于Hardy-weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05)。     

肉兔真菌性疾病防治方法的研究

肉兔真菌性疾病是由小孢霉菌和真菌霉所引起的一种人畜共患病,仔兔、幼兔容易感染此病。经过试验发现,病兔每日用10%水杨酸涂擦患处,配合每周2次带兔用1:400百毒杀消毒,结果比较理想,病愈后不易复发。     

家兔人工授精器械的改进应用试验

通过对家兔人工授精器械的研究与改进,并经过多年的生产实践和运用,现已研制成了一套器材少,操作简便,效果好的实用家兔人工授精配套器械。     

白色獭兔R新品系主要经济性状的遗传响应分析和遗传参数估测研究

在对新育成的白色獭兔R品系选育群各世代间的选择进展作了遗传响应分析,并对其主要经济性状的遗传参数作出了估测.     

闽西南黑兔与新西兰白兔的屠宰性能及肉品质研究

本实验旨在研究闽西南黑兔及新西兰白兔的屠宰性能及肉品质,为闽西南黑兔在异地(山东省)繁育提供理论基础。选择35日龄、断奶体重(854±13)g的闽西南黑兔及断奶体重(635±18)g的新西兰白兔各20只(公、母各半),饲养管理相同,在(100±2)d全部进行屠宰,测定屠宰性能和肉品质指标。结果表明:闽西南黑兔的屠宰体重、胴体重等显著低于新西兰白兔;闽西南黑兔的背最长肌的红度值和黄度值显著高于新西兰白兔,肌肉脂肪沉积显著低于新西兰白兔;新西兰白兔的背最长肌中n-6多不饱和脂肪酸显著高于闽西南黑兔,各屠宰性能和肉品质之间没有显著的性别差异。本研究表明,相比新西兰白兔,闽西南黑兔的肌肉呈现良好的色泽,不饱和脂肪酸沉积少。     

不同营养水平对肉兔生产性能的影响

采用U6 (63 ×3)均匀设计方案,选择35日龄断奶新西兰白兔144只,进行为期6 周的饲养试验,主要探讨了消化能、粗蛋白、粗纤维等3 个因素及3 个水平对肉兔增重、饲料消耗、料肉比等指标的影响。结果表明,最优组合为消化能9.62MJ/kg、粗蛋白13.5% 、粗纤维17% ,能量是肉兔采食和生长的限制性因素。     

Morphometric Study of the Equine Navicular Bone: Age-Related Changes and Influence of Exercise

Navicular bones from the four limbs of 95 horses, classified in 9 categories, were studied. The effects of age on navicular bone morphometry and histomorphometry were estimated, after adjustment of the data to even out the effects of front and rear limbs, morphometrical type, sex, weight, and size.All the external measurements of the navicular bone decreased significantly with increasing age. From the histomorphometrical data, cortical bone volume decreased with age in most horses, whereas cancellous bone volume and, in particular, the marrow spaces increased. The increase in the cancellous bone volume could have resulted from tunnelling of the internal part of the cortex, which converted it progressively into a porous trabecular-like structure. Trabecular bone volume also decreased with age and the trabecular lattice changed dramatically to become disconnected in aged horses. These observations corresponded closely to those reported for ageing of the skeletal system in humans.However, in sporting horses, the navicular cortical bone volume increased with age and the cancellous bone volume decreased. Exercise appeared to have decreased bone resorption and increased bone formation at the endocortical junction. The cancellous bone architecture was also improved, in that the trabecular lattice and trabecular bone volume remained unchanged in aged sporting horses. Our findings confirmed that exercise may be good practice to prevent age-related bone loss.