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油桐根腐病病原菌的研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
油桐根腐病是油桐林的一种毁灭性病害。形态学和培养性状研究表明,致病菌为腐皮镰孢(Fusarium solani(Mart.)Sacc.)。将该菌与国内供试8个腐皮镰孢专化型菌株比较可看出,菌落生长较快,大型分生孢子短而粗,是一种短粗类型。其次,人工接种试验得知,此菌不侵染6科7属7种供试的专化型寄主植物;又经8个专化型菌株接种油桐试验,也不发生侵染关系。此菌仅侵害大戟科油桐属的油桐,是一种专化性病菌。再次,采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析表明,此菌与供试菌株的脂酶同工酶的谱带特征和相对迁移率均有明显的差异。由此,将油桐根腐病鉴定为腐皮镰孢一新的专化型,命名为油桐腐皮镰抱(Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. f.sp.aleuritidis Chen et Xiao f.sp.nov.) 相似文献
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南洋楹溃疡病病原菌生物学特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《中国森林病虫》2017,(6)
研究了不同培养基、碳氮源、温度、pH及光照条件对南洋楹溃疡病病原菌可可毛色二孢Lasiodiplodia theobromae菌丝生长的影响。结果表明:该菌的最适培养基为PDA,最适碳源、氮源分别是葡萄糖和蛋白胨,菌丝最适生长温度为25℃,最适pH为5~7,在12∶12光暗交替条件下生长最好。 相似文献
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对引起油茶炭疽病的胶孢炭疽菌的生物学特性进行了研究.结果表明,该病菌在10~35℃的温度范围内均能生长以及分生孢子正常萌发,其中30℃最适宜菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发;在pH3.0~11.0范围内菌丝均能生长和分生孢子均可萌发,pH6.0最利于菌丝生长,pH5.0~7.0最适宜分生孢子萌发。连续光照有利于菌丝的生长,光暗交替有利于分生孢子的萌发。可溶性淀粉和尿素利于菌丝生长;乳糖和麦芽糖与谷氨酸的不利于菌丝生长。甘露醇和甘氨酸有利于产孢,半乳糖和硝酸钾不利于产孢;菌丝和分生孢子的最低致死温度为55℃,10 min。 相似文献
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通过对桑叶褐斑病病原菌在不同种类培养基培养、不同氮源与碳源、不同温度等6种条件下培养6天后,测定菌落直径,观察菌丝颜色和菌落形态,分析了桑褐斑病病原菌的生物学特性。结果表明,在室内培养条件下,不同的营养成分、 pH值、温度、光照都对菌丝的生长有影响。病原菌菌丝生长的最适宜培养基是燕麦片培养基,适宜生长温度范围是20~30℃,最适生长温度为25℃,光照对菌丝生长无显著影响,最适pH值为9~10,最适碳源为α-乳糖,最适氮源为尿素,菌丝在55℃水浴10 min后则不能生长。 相似文献
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油茶软腐病是油茶重要病害之一,南方各省油茶产区均有发生,近年来病情有逐年上升的趋势。1981年确定病原菌是丛梗孢目的油茶伞菌孢菌(Agricodochium came-lliae Lin.Wei.et Fan.)其蘑菇型分生孢子座是病原菌传布侵染体。为了给有效的防治提供科学依据,我们对此菌的生物学特性进行了研究,现报道如下: 相似文献
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大叶黄杨褐斑病病原菌生物学特性的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
大叶黄杨褐斑病Cercospora destructiva Rav.病原菌生长最适温度为25℃,低于5℃或高于38℃匀不能生长;偏酸环境有利于其生长,pH4.5生长最好。分生孢子在25℃下萌发率最高,相对湿度100%最利于萌发,pH值适应萌发范围较广,萌发率最高为pH4.0。菌落生长和分生孢子萌发对营养要求不严格,在PDA,PMA,PSA培养基上生长较好,在蒸馏水中孢子萌发率亦达90.4%;光照条 相似文献
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冬枣黑斑病病原菌生物学特性的研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
对冬枣黑宽病病原菌的生物学特性进行了研究,结果表明:病原菌在不同碳源的培养基上均能生长,且差异不大,碳素营养以甘露醇最好,其次是蔗糖、麦芽糖、葡萄糖;不同的氮素营养对病原菌的生长影响较大,以蛋白胨最好,其次是硝酸钾、硝酸铵,而以尿素为氮素营养,病原菌基本不生长;病原菌在pH值2—10的范围内均可生长,在pH值6-8范围内生长良好,最适pH值为7-8;病原菌在15℃-35℃范围内均可生长,最适温度为25℃~30℃,在28℃~30℃的范围内生长速度最快。 相似文献
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A. Gezahgne M. P. A. Coetzee B. D. Wingfield M. J. Wingfield J. Roux 《Forest Pathology》2004,34(3):133-145
Armillaria root rot is a well‐known disease on a wide range of plants, world‐wide. In Ethiopia, the disease has previously been reported on Pinus spp., Coffea arabica and on various native hardwoods. The causal agent of the disease has been attributed to Armillaria mellea, a species now known to represent a complex of many different taxa. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of Armillaria root rot and the identity of the Armillaria sp. in Ethiopian plantations. As part of a plantation disease survey in 2000 and 2001, samples were collected in plantations at and around Munessa Shashemene, Wondo Genet, Jima, Mizan and Bedele, in south and south‐western Ethiopia. Basidiocarps were collected and their morphology studied. Morphological identification was confirmed by sequencing the intergenic spacer (IGS‐1) region of the ribosomal rRNA operon and comparing data with published sequences of Armillaria spp. Armillaria isolates were collected from Acacia abyssinica, Pinus patula, Cedrela odorata and Cordia alliodora trees. Sporocarps were found on stumps of native Juniperus excelsa. Basidiocarp morphology and sequence data suggested that the fungus in Ethiopia is similar to that causing disease of Pinus spp. in South Africa and previously identified as A. fuscipes. This identification was confirmed for all isolates, based on sequence data. Armillaria fuscipes is known to be common in southern Africa. Its widespread occurrence in Ethiopia suggests that it is also the major cause of Armillaria root rot in that country. 相似文献
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为了有效防治银杏根腐病,以取自石家庄槐安西路、唐山建设路、保定长城北大街、河北农业大学校内的银杏根系为试材,采用组织分离法对其病健组织的病原菌进行分离及形态鉴定;在室内条件下,采用菌丝生长速率法研究比较5种杀菌剂对病原菌的毒力作用;并将筛选出来的药剂做田间防效试验.结果表明:该试验共获得2个具有致病性的菌株SJZ-4、SJZ-5,这2个菌株均为尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum);室内筛选出了3种抑菌效果较好的药剂,即枯草芽孢杆菌、30%苯醚甲环唑、80%多菌灵;稀释300倍的枯草芽孢杆菌田间防治效果最好,可使62.5%的银杏夏季不焦叶或者仅轻微焦叶,严重焦叶(焦叶量>70%)的发生程度仅为6.25%. 相似文献
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为明确双季板栗Castanea mollissima果实真菌性病害种类,并筛选出合适的杀菌剂,对广西隆安县境内双季板栗现有林分开展采前果实病害调查,实地采集病果,将病害部位进行培养、分离纯化、致病性试验和分子生物学鉴定,并对鉴定出的病原菌进行形态学及生物学特性分析等研究。确认广西隆安县双季板栗采前果实病害病原菌为尖孢镰刀菌Fusarium oxysporum、层出镰刀菌Fusarium proliferatum、可可球毛色二孢Lasiodiplodia theobromae。该病害是2种或3种病原菌同时危害果实,其中新发现尖孢镰刀菌可侵染双季板栗果实导致采前果实坏死。3种菌株菌丝适合的生长温度为25~28℃,全黑暗(6 d)条件下均能生长,在pH值5~10范围内,生长良好,最适pH值为7。 相似文献
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蜜环菌根朽病病原菌的抗药试验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对蜜环菌根朽病的病原菌,收集了30种药剂进行筛选试验。其中,杜邦克露、退菌特、杜邦新万生、粉锈宁、代森锰锌等5种效果最好。杜邦克露、退菌特100mg/L以上浓度时杀菌率100%,杜邦克露50mg/L时90%以上,方差分析及q-检验表明,浓度水平间差异极其显著,而药剂作用时间无差异。杜邦新万生、粉锈宁、代森锰锌250mg/L以上浓度时杀菌率100%,100mg/L时80%以上,其抑菌效果随药剂浓度的加大而提高,随时间的延长而降低。 相似文献
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Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. caused a serious root and stem rot in juvenile seedlings of Eucalyptus in nurseries. This is a new host record. The pathogen produced systemic infection in the seedlings. The symptoms and histopathology and factors influencing the disease were studied. Of five fungicides tried in the laboratory and in the field, bavistin and dithane M-45 at 0.2% showed promising results for the control of the disease. 相似文献
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Structural host responses of Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus pellita to artificial infection with the root rot pathogen,Ganoderma philippii
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Structural host responses of young Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus pellita to infection with the root rot pathogen Ganoderma philippii were described. To our knowledge, this is the first report investigating the histology of root responses infected with G. philippii. The infected roots of A. mangium were characterized by the presence of a continuous multilayered mycelial sheath (~100–200 μm thick), fungal outgrowths and the production of a wound periderm. In contrast, roots of E. pellita were characterized by a mycelial sheath and fungal outgrowths and a wound periderm comprising of only one to four rows of cells. 相似文献