应用小腿内侧皮瓣修复足部软组织的大块缺损

足部尤其是足底及跟部软组织大块缺损的修复比较困难，以往常采用肉芽创面皮片移植，或传统的随意型皮瓣的方法修复。前者易导致疤痕挛缩，肌牌粘连，且不能负重；后者存在长宽比例所限及转位困难等弊端，已日益不符合足部修复的要求。本院自1992年始，应用小腿内侧逆行岛状皮瓣修复足部创面5例，取得满意疗效，现报道如下：1临床资料1．1一般资料本组5例，均为男性。年龄最小20岁，最大53岁，平均32岁。其中汽车轮辗压伤3例，石块砸伤回例，火车轮撑伤1例，足部软组织缺损都不同程度累及足底和跟部，合并肌位或骨关节外露。采用同侧小腿内…     

用股前外侧游离皮瓣修复小腿及足部软组织缺损

用股前外侧皮瓣游离移植修复小腿及足部严重软组织缺损７例，结果显示：７例皮瓣全部成活，小腿、足部功能及外观良好。该皮瓣血管蒂长（１０～１４ｃｍ）、血管口径粗（＞２ｍｍ）、解剖恒定、皮瓣薄，色泽良好，易于操作，是修复小腿和足部软组织缺损较理想供区；对手术方法及有关技术问题作了讨论。     

逆行腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣修复踝部软组织缺损

目的了解逆行腓肠神经营养血管皮瓣在足踝部软组织缺损中修复的临床效果。方法采用腓肠神经营养血管为蒂逆行岛状筋膜皮瓣修复踝部、足跟软组织缺损和或骨、肌腱外露创面共34例。皮瓣切取范围5cm×7cm～10cm×18cm,蒂长5～10cm。10例经皮下隧道转移,24例经明道转移。结果34例术后皮瓣全部成活,创面一期愈合,2例皮瓣远端部分淤血坏死,经清创换药后创面愈合。术后27例经3个月至4a随访,皮瓣外观、质地、弹性佳,踝关节功能恢复良好;皮肤感觉有所恢复,两点分辨率在9～16mm,平均13mm。结论逆行腓肠神经营养血管蒂岛状筋膜皮瓣血供确切,容易定位,手术步骤简单,不需牺牲小腿主要动脉,且皮瓣成活率高,质量好。     

不同类型的岛状皮瓣在修复颜面部软组织缺损中的应用

目的 探讨不同类型的岛状皮瓣在修复颜面部软组织缺损中的修复方法及适应证.方法 鼻部皮肤缺损多采用鼻唇沟皮下组织蒂岛状皮瓣修复.鼻背部或鼻侧部较大缺损(直径在2.5～3.0 cm以上)修复则采用额部滑车上动脉岛状皮瓣修复.对于下睑部、眶周、颜面部较大面积缺损的修复则应用额部颞浅动脉岛状皮瓣修复.结果 23例颜面部软组织缺...     

腓肠肌内侧头推进肌皮瓣修复小腿软组织缺损

目的：用腓肠肌内侧头肌皮瓣以推进法修复小腿软组织缺损。方法：用改进腓肠肌带血管蒂以及双蒂肌皮瓣加屈膝推进法修复胫骨外裸及钢板外露８例、胫骨慢性骨髓炎８例、软组织全层缺损６例和贴骨疤痕及溃疡３例。结果：２５例中除２例超限肌皮瓣远端表皮坏死外，全部肌皮瓣一次性消灭创面，成活率１００．０％；８例慢性骨髓炎患者平均随访５年未见复发。结论：增加肌皮瓣后缘宽度及减少膝关节角度均可使肌皮瓣向小腿远端延伸，可最大     

拇指指端皮肤损伤的修复

目的探讨几种手部皮瓣修复拇指指端皮肤缺损的优缺点及疗效.方法采用V-Y推进皮瓣、指掌侧推进皮瓣、示指背侧皮瓣及"C"形皮瓣等4种方法修复拇指指端缺损共57例.创面面积0.7～2.1 cm×2.1～4.2 cm.结果57例皮瓣中2例远端坏死,其余全部成活.随访31例,随访时间2～23月,指腹外观饱满,感觉良好.结论手部皮瓣质地优良,皮肤结构与拇指相近,效果好,是拇指指端皮肤缺损修复的理想材料.     

35例小腿软组织缺损修复的方式

３５例小腿软组织缺损修复的方式彭智，刘双意（广东医学院附属医院骨科湛江５２４００１）小腿前面与内面由于软组织少，创伤及慢性骨髓炎时均易导致小腿软组织缺损，使骨质外露，如不覆盖或不及时覆盖，其自然愈合是极为困难的，并易引起骨坏死、骨不愈等并发症。樊文甫...     

鼻唇沟菱形皮瓣旋转修复上唇皮肤癌缺损

目的观察鼻唇沟菱形皮瓣旋转修复上唇皮肤癌缺损的效果。方法对12例患者上唇部基底细胞癌、鳞癌切除后形成的缺损,设计鼻唇沟局部菱形皮瓣旋转修复。结果12例患者术后皮瓣均未出现动脉供血和静脉回流障碍,皮瓣色泽、质地较好;伤口Ⅰ期愈合,愈合后瘢痕细小,效果满意。随访3~6月未见肿物复发。结论鼻唇沟局部菱形皮瓣在修复上唇皮肤癌缺损中效果良好。     

带蒂旋转皮瓣修复大面积头皮缺损1例

男性，40岁。因发现枕部头皮肿块5年逐渐增大并破溃1年收住院，患者5年前发现左枕部头皮结节样肿块，始为指尖大小，不规则，无疼痛，后肿块渐长大，近1来肿块生长明显加快并破溃，有脓性分泌物并少量出血，无发热、瘙痒，无恶心、呕吐。以“头皮肿块基底细胞癌”收住院。     

游离足背三叶皮瓣修复多指皮肤缺损4例

目的探讨一种修复手部多指皮肤软组织缺损的方法。方法采用足背部足内侧、第1跖背、足外侧血管分支设计三叶皮瓣,应用此皮瓣对4例手部多指皮肤软组织缺损患者进行治疗,术后随访,了解手指功能、外观等情况。结果4例三叶皮瓣均成活,手指功能、外观恢复良好。结论游离足背三叶皮瓣是修复手部多指皮肤缺损的良好方法。     

黑龙江省高等级公路野生护坡草本植物的筛选

以黑龙江省野生护坡草本植物的筛选为目标,应用层次分析法(AHP法)对选定的16个指标属性进行了分析,得出的重要指标按权重大小依次是:根系密度、生长速度、耐瘠薄性、抗旱性、根长、地上生物量、株型、使用年限。通过大规模野外调查和室内试验分析,对黑龙江省境内7条主要高等级公路边坡常见的21种草本植物进行了综合评价:草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis)、冰草(Agropyron cristatum)、野苜蓿(Medicago falcata)、无芒雀麦(Bro-mus inermis)、旱麦瓶草(Silene jenisseensis)、月见草(Oenothera biennis)、马蔺(Iris lacteavar.chinensis)、紫花地丁(Vi-ola alisoviana)、偃麦草(Elytrigia repens)、飞蓬(Erigeron acer)、蒲公英(Taraxacum mongolicum)、平车前(Plantagodepressa)12种植物各项指标表现优秀,可作为黑龙江省及气候类型相同的寒区主要的公路护坡先锋草本植物。     

寒地水稻侧深施肥效果的研究

为保证水稻施肥的准确性,实现优质、高产、生态、安全的目的,以水稻品种龙粳31为试材,采用随机区组试验设计,对水稻侧深施肥的效果及方法进行了研究。结果表明:侧深施肥能够促进水稻生育进程,通过增加平米穗数以增加产量,降低蛋白质含量,提高品质。最佳的侧深施肥方法为:秧苗右侧3cm,深5cm,基肥总量减少25%。     

A role for skin gammadelta T cells in wound repair

Gammadelta T cell receptor-bearing dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs) found in murine skin recognize antigen expressed by damaged or stressed keratinocytes. Activated DETCs produce keratinocyte growth factors (KGFs) and chemokines, raising the possibility that DETCs play a role in tissue repair. We performed wound healing studies and found defects in keratinocyte proliferation and tissue reepithelialization in the absence of wild-type DETCs. In vitro skin organ culture studies demonstrated that adding DETCs or recombinant KGF restored normal wound healing in gammadelta DETC-deficient skin. We propose that DETCs recognize antigen expressed by injured keratinocytes and produce factors that directly affect wound repair.     

香根草应用于贵州玉铜高等级公路的护坡效果

采用香根草生物技术措施进行公路边坡治理，投入成本仅为纯工程措施的1／5～1／10，绿化覆盖率达90％以上，经济和生态效益明显；香根草配方基质育苗种植和合理施肥技术的运用，使种植的香根草成活率提高近30％；香根草在锰矿渣边坡种植成活率71％，坡面覆盖达50％，证明香根草能够在有毒的废矿上生长。     

新疆陆地棉SSR标记指纹图谱构建和杂种纯度鉴定研究

以新疆近50年来的50个陆地棉种质资源及品种为试材,从50对SSR引物中筛选出10对多态性好的引物,就可以建立新疆陆地棉品种的指纹图谱,每对引物可以检测到1～4个数目不等的多态性片段(allele), 10对引物共检测到27个多态性片段,平均为2.7个,片段大小介于85～300 bp.从10对引物中随机挑选了3对引物对当前新疆主栽品种进行了指纹图谱构建和杂交种纯度鉴定的实践验证.     

A role for interaction of the RNA polymerase flap domain with the sigma subunit in promoter recognition

In bacteria, promoter recognition depends on the RNA polymerase sigma subunit, which combines with the catalytically proficient RNA polymerase core to form the holoenzyme. The major class of bacterial promoters is defined by two conserved elements (the -10 and -35 elements, which are 10 and 35 nucleotides upstream of the initiation point, respectively) that are contacted by sigma in the holoenzyme. We show that recognition of promoters of this class depends on the "flexible flap" domain of the RNA polymerase beta subunit. The flap interacts with conserved region 4 of sigma and triggers a conformational change that moves region 4 into the correct position for interaction with the -35 element. Because the flexible flap is evolutionarily conserved, this domain may facilitate promoter recognition by specificity factors in eukaryotes as well.     

Drug-induced tolerance for skin allografts across the H-2 barrier in adult mice

Mice treated with methylhydrazine derivatives for 3 to 4 weeks before the transplantation showed markedly prolonged survival times for allogeneic skin grafts differing at the H-2 histocompatibility locus. Presumably permanent tolerance was induced in about 20 to 30 percent of the mice when the drug treatment was combined with a single injection of additional donor antigen. The tolerance persists without further drug treatment and is specific for donor tissue.     

Diohe'ko,the Three Sisters in Seneca life: Implications for a native agriculture in the finger lakes region of New York State

Through an interdisciplinary approach, I attempt to construct a partial ethno-agronomy of the Seneca people in late pre-contact times and examine it for relevance to modern agriculture. Diohe'ko, the Three Sisters, had been cultivated for at least five hundred years prior to contact by the Seneca, an Iroquoian tribe inhabiting western New York State. The Three Sisters, corn, beans and squash (pumpkins, gourds), were planted together in hills in fields, cultivated and harvested by work parties of women. Changes of village sites and patterns of village movement respond to the adoption of agriculture as well as other factors. Evaluating land use, crop yields and carrying capacity, I question the accuracy of Seneca population estimates. The Three Sisters was an important cultural complex. The Sisters are protagonists of a number of Seneca tales, myths, ceremonies and legends. As an agricultural strategy, Three Sisters embodies several efficiencies in growth patterns, nutrient, solar and water use, harvest and nutritional use. Microhabitat manipulation was practiced by the Seneca. The plants exhibit a high degree of cooperation, or commensality, in the association. Some preliminary judgments can be made about specific varieties of the Sisters in use among the Seneca prior to contact. Northern Flint Corn, Cutshort or Cornhill Beans, and Cucurbita pepo such as Crookneck Squashes are likely the eldest varieties in the area. Three Sisters agriculture demonstrates qualities of permanence and sustainability, especially as related to the Seneca cultural fabric. A conservative ethic, like Handsome Lake's teaching, it binds together people in culture and people and nurture in nature. Mary Jemison, who farmed both the colonial and Three Sisters ways, seems to have favored the latter's “leisurely” approach.     

L-tyrosine-3,5-3H assay for tyrosinase development in skin of newborn hamsters

Tyrosinase in hamster skin, measured by the production of (3)HOH from L-tyrosine-3,5-(3)H, increases about sevenfold in specific activity from the 14-day fetus to day 6 of life. Albino hamsters exhibit no activity, but enzyme is present in the ventral (white) areas of the Syrian hamster. 3,4-Dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine is required as a cosubstrate.     

厚皮甜瓜基质栽培技术及产量效益分析

通过基质栽培厚皮甜瓜试验研究 ,探讨了基质栽培厚皮甜瓜的生长发育特性 ;栽培管理要点 ;大棚内光、温、湿的调控技术 ;营养液的配制 ;病虫害防治技术。为在淮河流域进行厚皮甜瓜的基质栽培提供了理论依据