Effect of short-term supply of farmyard manure on maize growth and soil parameters in pot culture

Farmyard manure (FYM) improves various soil parameters and to a large extent, the availability of water and nutrient to crops when it is applied to the soil. This study aims to further investigate the short-term effects of different levels of FYM on maize plants and soil parameters. Maize plants grown in pot culture were treated with no FYM (control), recommended NPK (inorganic fertilizers), and FYM at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 t ha^?1 along with recommended NPK, and the cultures were analyzed 8 weeks after germination. Soil bulk density and soil pH decreased with the increasing levels of FYM, whereas soil porosity, soil organic matter (SOM), soil water content, plant height, root and shoot yield, and NPK uptake of maize were increased compared with the control or recommended NPK, respectively. The present results indicate that short-term application of higher FYM levels improves soil properties. Furthermore, the application of FYM at only higher rates significantly increases the nutrient uptake of maize plants due to improved soil properties. The supply of different amounts of nutrients increases biomass and nutrient uptake in plants.     

长期施用绿肥对红壤稻田水稻产量和土壤养分的影响

通过对26年长期定位试验结果的统计分析,结果表明:绿肥与化肥长期配合施用有利于水稻稳产增产,减少化肥的使用量,提高化肥NPK养分的农学利用效率达60%以上。26年水稻平均产量以OM3处理(紫云英+猪粪)最高,比CK增产64.47%,比NPK处理增产6.86%;其化肥养分农学效率为16.33kg/kg,比NPK处理化肥养分农学效率高118.9%。绿肥与化肥长期配合施用土壤有机质、全氮和全磷均有所积累,积累的量与肥料施用量及有机肥种类相关,以紫云英+猪粪处理最优。土壤钾素均表现亏缺,土壤全钾和速效钾均低于试验前,亏缺幅度最小的是紫云英+稻草处理,其土壤全钾和速效钾分别比对照高4.28%和13.94%。通过对土壤有机质、全氮、全磷和全钾与水稻产量关性分析,相关系数最高的为土壤全钾(r=0.808**),说明缺钾已成为限制红壤稻田高产的主要肥力因子。     

长期有机无机肥配施下红壤性稻田水稻产量及土壤有机碳变化特征

利用中国农业科学院红壤实验站红壤稻田长期定位试验,研究了长期有机无机肥配施下双季稻增产潜力和土壤有机碳变化特征。31年的试验结果表明,1）施肥能促进水稻早晚稻稻谷和地上部产量增加,其中,有机肥配施均衡的NPK处理促进作用最大,NPKM处理下稻谷年均产量比NPM、 NKM、 PKM、 M和NPK分别高 5.8%、 10.9%、 16.2%、 15.9%和20.4%。2）施肥能促进水稻土有机碳含量增加,其中,有机肥配施均衡的NPK处理提升效果最为明显, NPKM处理下所测年度土壤有机碳平均含量比NPM、 NKM、 PKM、 M和NPK分别高出2.5%、 3.5%、 2.0%、 0.6%和 32.8%。3）随着试验的进行,单施有机肥对早、 晚稻稻谷和地上部产量的促进效果逐步优于单施化肥氮、 磷、 钾处理（NPK）,对土壤有机碳的提升效果也明显优于单施化肥氮、 磷、 钾。红壤性稻田双季稻生产实践中,有机无机肥配施模式值得推荐,但需均衡配施化肥氮、 磷、 钾。     

Soil phosphorus availability and rice phosphorus uptake in paddy fields under various agronomic practices

Agronomic practices affect soil phosphorus(P) availability, P uptake by plants, and subsequently the efficiency of P use. A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of various agronomic practices(straw incorporation, paddy water management, nitrogen(N) fertilizer dose, manure application,and biochar addition) on soil P availability(e.g., soil total P(STP), soil available P(SAP), soil microbial biomass P(SMBP), and rice P uptake as well as P use efficiency(PUE)) over four cropping seasons in a rice-rice cropping system, in subtropical central China. Compared to the non-straw treatment(control,using full dose of chemical N fertilizer), straw incorporation increased SAP and SMBP by 9.3%–18.5% and 15.5%–35.4%, respectively;substituting half the chemical N fertilizer dose with pig manure and the biochar application increased STP, SAP, and SMBP by 10.5%–48.3%, 30.2%–236.0%, and 19.8%–72.4%,respectively, mainly owing to increased soil P and organic carbon inputs;adding a half dose of N and no N input(reduced N treatments) increased STP and SAP by 2.6%–7.5% and 19.8%–33.7%, respectively, due to decreased soil P outputs. Thus, soil P availability was greatly affected by soil P input and use. The continuous flooding water regime without straw addition significantly decreased SMBP by 11.4% compared to corresponding treatments under a mid-season drainage water regime. Total P uptake by rice grains and straws at the harvest stage increased under straw incorporation and under pig manure application, but decreased under the reduced N treatments and under biochar application at a rate of 48 t ha-1, compared to the control. Rice P uptake was significantly positively correlated with rice biomass, and both were positively correlated with N fertilizer application rates, SAP, SMBP, and STP. Phosphorus use efficiency generally increased under straw incorporation but decreased under the reduced N treatments and under the manure application(with excessive P input), compared to the control. These results showed that straw incorporation can be used to increase soil P availability and PUE while decreasing the use of chemical P fertilizers. When substituting chemical fertilizers with pig manure, excess P inputs should be avoided in order to reduce P accumulation in the soil as well as the environmental risks from non-point source pollution.     

Cesium-137 concentration of forage corn and Italian ryegrass in a double cropping system under different rates of cattle farmyard manure application after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident in 2011

Abstract

Radioactive ¹³⁷Cs concentrations of forage corn (Zea mays L.) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in a double cropping system under continuous cattle farmyard manure (FYM) application were observed for more than 2 years after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident in 2011. The experiment field is located 110 km southwest of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, and the soil contains ¹³⁷Cs of 920 Bq kg^?1 on average. For crop cultivation, nitrogen fertilizer was applied in addition to FYM. The ¹³⁷Cs concentrations in corn decreased significantly between 2011 and 2012, but only differed significantly between 2012 and 2013 for the plot with no FYM application. For Italian ryegrass, no significant differences were observed between the harvest in 2012 and 2013 despite the FYM application rate. To minimize corn ¹³⁷Cs concentrations, the FYM application rate should be more than and equal to 30 Mg ha^?1 when FYM is used as the major nutrient source. Exchangeable potassium oxide (K₂O) greater than around 0.3 g kg^?1 was mostly maintained with the FYM application rates. Corn ¹³⁷Cs concentration appeared to increase at exchangeable K₂O levels below 0.15 g kg^?1. These results suggest that continuous FYM application can maintain soil nutrients including K₂O and thereby control radioactive Cs transfer from the soil. FYM application rate of 30 Mg ha^?1 is within the levels recommended by the prefectural governments around Fukushima Prefecture for crop production before the accident. These levels are sufficient to decrease the radioactive Cs concentrations for corn. However, unlike corn, differences in soil chemical properties by FYM application did not affect ¹³⁷Cs concentrations in Italian ryegrass in this study, although low exchangeable K₂O seemed to increase concentrations of stable ¹³³Cs. Further experiments should be conducted to understand the observed differences between corn and Italian ryegrass.     

两种禾本科冬绿肥生长规律及腐解特征比较

在山东临沂研究了冬播绿肥黑麦(冬牧70)和大麦的生长发育、养分吸收规律,并通过原位培养法比较了绿肥翻压后腐解及养分释放的差异。结果表明,冬牧70和大麦在返青后均迅速积累干物质,大麦的快速生长期在3月下旬,冬牧70的快速生长期在4月上旬,冬牧70进入快速生长期后的生长速率高于大麦。两种绿肥的养分吸收规律与干物质积累规律一致,冬牧70和大麦的氮、磷、钾吸收量基本一致。两种绿肥在翻压30 d内快速腐解,腐解率和氮素释放率达到了80%以上,大麦的腐解速率高于冬牧70,而矿质营养元素的释放率低于冬牧70,根据腐解和养分释放规律确定两种禾本科绿肥的适宜翻压时间为4月上旬。     

石灰在酸性稻田的施用效果

在土壤呈酸性且重金属铜、镉含量相对较高的稻田开展施用石灰效果试验。试验显示,施用石灰可提升土壤pH值,平均750 kg/hm~2石灰提升土壤pH值0.179;施用石灰可促进土壤有机质分解,增加土壤氮和磷的有效性,也会影响土壤铜、镉全量变化。试验初步表明,处理C(石灰用量750 kg/hm~2)的稻米对铜、镉富集能力较强。增施石灰可减少土壤铜、镉向稻米转移富集。水稻对镉的富集能力高于对铜的富集能力。试验表明,施用石灰可增加水稻有效穗数和千粒重,增产效果显著。以石灰用量750 kg/hm~2的水稻产量最高,效益最好,比CK增产干谷619.7 kg/hm~2,每千克石灰增产稻谷0.83 kg,净收入1 068.7元/hm~2,产投比为2.66。科学施用石灰可促进水稻增产和减轻稻米对铜、镉富集。     

Impact of plant genotype and nitrogen level on rice growth response to inoculation with Azospirillum sp. strain B510 under paddy field conditions

Abstract

Twenty rice cultivars, including three genetically-distinct groups (japonica, indica-1, and indica-2), were evaluated for their response to inoculation with Azospirillum sp. strain B510 in paddy fields with standard nitrogen (SN) and low nitrogen (LN) fertilization. In the SN field, the tiller numbers in most indica-2 cultivars, 37?days after transplanting (DAT), were significantly increased by the B510 inoculation, whereas those in 4 japonica cultivars were significantly decreased. A similar growth response was observed in the LN field, although the impacts of the B510 inoculation were more varied than in the SN field. At 58 DAT, the tiller numbers in most cultivars were lower or unaffected by the B510 inoculation under both SN and LN conditions, except that the tiller number of the Nipponbare cultivar, which is classified as japonica, was significantly higher in the LN field only. These results suggest that the effects of inoculation with Azospirillum sp. strain B510 on the growth of rice plants, especially on tiller numbers at the early growth stage, vary depending on the rice genotype, as well as nitrogen level. Therefore, the plant genotypes, growth stages, and fertilization managements must be considered when a plant-associated bacterium is evaluated for beneficial effects under field conditions.     

施用鸡粪稻田土壤氮磷养分淋洗特征研究

通过田间试验,研究了长期施鸡粪稻田不同鸡粪施用量下氮、磷养分淋洗特征及其潜在的环境效应.结果表明,田面水NH 4 -N和NO-3 -N浓度在施鸡粪初期均较高,且施鸡粪增加其浓度.NH 4 -N在30 cm、60 cm、90 cm渗漏液中平均浓度分别为1.05～1.48 mg · L-1、1.08～1.91 mg · L-1和1.02～2.38 mg ·L-1,不同层次之间浓度没有明显差别;同一层次NH 4 -N浓度随鸡粪用量增加而增加.渗漏液NO-3 -N浓度与NH 4 -N浓度值相比,含量略高,沿土壤剖面呈上低下高趋势;施用大量鸡粪能明显增加土壤渗漏液中NO-3 -N含量.稻田田面水总磷浓度在鸡粪施用初期达到最大值,且随着鸡粪用量增加而明显增加;随后逐渐降低;但整个生长季含量均超过0.1 mg · L-1.不同层次渗漏液总磷含量变化差别不大.总磷在水稻生长季前期较平稳,8月初有1显著高峰,磷淋洗量与鸡粪用量明显相关.长期施鸡粪稻田土壤氮、磷具有较高环境风险.     

Zinc alleviates growth inhibition and oxidative stress caused by cadmium in rice

A hydroponic experiment with two rice cultivars differing in cadmium (Cd) tolerance was conducted to investigate the alleviating effect of zinc (Zn) on growth inhibition and oxidative stress caused by Cd. Treatments consisted of all combinations of two Zn concentrations (0.2 and 1 μM), three Cd concentrations (0, 1, and 5 μM), and two rice cultivars (Bing 97252, Cd‐tolerant; Xiushui 63, Cd‐sensitive). Cd toxicity caused a dramatic reduction in plant height and biomass, chlorophyll concentration and photosynthetic rate, and an increase in Cd concentration in both roots and shoots, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities in shoots. The response of all these parameters was much larger for Xiushui 63 than for Bing 97252. Addition of Zn to the medium solution alleviated Cd toxicity, which was reflected in a significant increase in plant height, biomass, chlorophyll concentration, and photosynthetic rate, and a marked decrease in MDA concentration and activity of anti‐oxidative enzymes. However, it was noted that Zn increased shoot Cd concentration at higher Cd supply, probably due to the enhancement of Cd translocation from roots to shoots. Therefore, further studies are necessary to determine the effect of Zn supply on Cd translocation from vegetative organs to grains or grain Cd accumulation before Zn fertilizer is applied to Cd‐contaminated soils to alleviate Cd toxicity in rice.     

有机肥无机肥配施对稻田氨挥发和水稻产量的影响

在南方红壤区双季稻田进行田间试验,研究等氮、磷、钾量条件下,有机无机肥配施对稻田氨挥发及水稻产量的影响。结果表明,有机无机肥配合施用能显著地降低稻田氨挥发,减少氮素损失,提高氮肥利用率。单施化肥(尿素),其氨挥发损失达37.8%,而单施有机肥和有机无机肥各半配合施用,氨挥发损失分别为0.7％-1.0％和7.2％-18.2％。田间氨挥发持续的时间,早稻约在施肥后20d,晚稻为9-10d。虽然有机无机肥各半配合施用的水稻产量与单施化肥的相近,均比对照提高约70％,但前者的氮损失少,其氮肥利用率为34.9％,高于化肥处理(33.2％)和有机肥处理(28.0%)。有机无机肥配合施用对提高水稻产量和降低氮肥环境负效应的综合效应最佳。     

Agronomic and Environmental Performance of Rapeseed Oilcake in the Lowland Rice Farming of Japan

The use of organic manures as an alternative to chemical fertilizers is an option for the development of sustainable farming systems in Japan. The present study examined the effect of rapeseed oilcake (RO) not only on yield and yield components of rice (Oryza sativa L.) but also on soil fertility parameters and surface water quality in a paddy field by comparing them with the effects of conventional inorganic fertilizer (IF) and a control (CR), that is, natural (unfertilized) system. The long-term field experiment from 1990 to 2006 demonstrated the indigenous sustainability of paddy systems, because husked grain yield and shoot biomass in the CR plot remained at moderate levels (ave. 323 ± 56 g m^?2 and 843 ± 166 g m^?2, respectively) over 17 successive years. Meanwhile, the application of RO comparatively improved grain yield (ave. 538 ± 83 g m^?2) and shoot biomass (ave. 1478 ± 187 g m^?2) to almost the same level as with IF (ave. 538 ± 68 g m^?2 and 1511 ± 173 g m^?2, respectively) during the study period. Soil fertility assessment in the last experimental year (2006) indicated that RO could improve the soil quality to the same extent as IF because major fertility parameters showed similar values between the RO and IF plots. On the other hand, the application of IF induced a substantial increase in estimated load outflows of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from the paddy surface water (2.46 g N m^?2; 0.38 g P m^?2) as compared to the CR plot (0.92 g N m^?2; 0.06 g P m^?2). Outflows from the RO plot showed relatively lesser effluent loads (2.00 g N m^?2; 0.14 g P m^?2) than the IF plot. From the findings of this study, we concluded that RO is agronomically similar to but an environmentally better resource material than conventional IF in the lowland rice farming system in Japan.     

水稻季施肥对后季绿肥物质养分积累的影响

田间试验条件下,研究水稻季不同氮、磷、钾肥用量对后季绿肥物质养分积累的影响,为水稻-紫云英轮作条件下适宜化肥用量的确定提供依据。结果表明,水稻季施氮、磷、钾肥处理的绿肥鲜草产量分别较不施氮、磷、钾肥处理增加27.9% ~ 40.9%、12.6% ~ 37.2%、21.4% ~ 46.2%。水稻季不同氮肥处理比较,施氮处理的氮积累量较不施氮处理增加48.8% ~ 62.3%,氮肥（N）用量为142.4 kg/hm2时,绿肥碳、氮、钾积累量最高,氮肥用量为71.2 kg/hm2时,绿肥磷积累量最高。水稻季不同磷肥处理比较,施磷处理的绿肥磷积累量较不施磷处理增加33.0% ~ 78.3%,磷肥（P）用量为49.1 kg/hm2时绿肥的碳、氮、磷、钾积累量均最高。水稻季施钾处理的绿肥钾积累量较不施钾处理增加22.2% ~ 44.8%,水稻季钾肥（K）用量为67.5 kg/hm2和101.2 kg/hm2时,绿肥的碳、氮、磷、钾积累量较高,且两处理间相差较小。本试验条件下,水稻季氮、磷、钾用量分别为142.4、49.1、67.5（或101.2）kg/hm2时,绿肥的产量及碳、氮、磷、钾积累量最高,分别为15 833 kg/hm2和929.2、44.6、5.8、45.9 kg/hm2。     

稻田冬种绿肥对水稻产量和土壤肥力的影响

为探讨冬季种植绿肥作物改良土壤的生态作用, 以冬闲连作为对照, 通过连续8年的定位试验研究了冬种绿肥(紫云英、油菜和黑麦草)收获后翻压还田对后作水稻产量及土壤肥力的影响。结果表明: 连续8年冬种绿肥期间, 冬种绿肥各处理的水稻平均产量均高于冬闲对照, 但不同处理增产效果有所不同, 其中紫云英 早稻 晚稻处理增产效果最明显, 为10.48%, 其次是油菜 早稻 晚稻处理(7.31%), 黑麦草 早稻 晚稻处理的增产效果较差, 仅为5.76%。紫云英 早稻 晚稻处理的土壤pH和碱解氮含量最高, 与其他处理相比, pH增加0.58%~1.37%, 碱解氮增加6.59%~35.35%。黑麦草 早稻 晚稻处理的土壤有机质、有效磷、速效钾含量和C/N在各处理中最高, 分别较其他处理高2.99%~4.98%、19.25%~31.05%、16.97%~22.15%和0.97%~6.61%。相关性分析结果表明, 水稻产量与每穗颖花数、结实率、千粒重及土壤碱解氮、有效磷极显著相关(P<0.01), 与每穗粒数、有机质、速效钾显著相关(P<0.05), 而与穗长、有效穗数及土壤pH和C/N相关不显著; 水稻产量各构成要素与土壤养分之间的关系极为密切。综合来看, 稻田冬种绿肥有利于增加水稻产量和改善土壤肥力。     

Effects of substituting chemical fertilizers with manure on rice yield and soil labile nitrogen in paddy fields of China: A meta-analysis

Substituting chemical fertilizers with manure is an important method for efficient nutrient management in rice cropping systems of China.Labile nitrogen(N) is the most active component of the soil N pool and plays an essential role in soil fertility.However,the effects of manure substitution on soil labile N in rice cropping systems and their relationships with soil properties,fertilization practices,and climatic conditions remain unclear and should be systematically quantified.Here,we investiga...     

南方稻区绿肥生态服务功能及生态价值评估研究

为探究我国南方稻区绿肥种植的生态服务价值,本文以我国南方稻区农田引入绿肥紫云英为例,界定了稻田种植紫云英的生态服务功能,并运用实际市场法、替代市场法和虚拟市场法等研究方法,构建了绿肥生态价值评估的理论模型,核算了绿肥的生态服务价值,得到了以下研究结论：1）南方稻区绿肥生态服务功能主要涉及调节和支持两类,调节服务包括气体调节、水分涵养和土壤保持3种功能,支持服务则包括土壤有机质累积和土壤营养物质循环两种功能;对应地,南方稻区农田轮作冬绿肥紫云英的生态价值也被界定为以上5种。2）南方稻区冬闲田种植紫云英在一个轮作周期中能够产生1.125万元·hm^-2的生态价值,其中,气体调节价值最大,为0.380万元·hm^-2,其次是土壤有机质累积价值,为0.279万元·hm^-2,营养物质循环价值和土壤保持价值分别为0.204万元·hm^-2和0.214万元·hm^-2,土壤水分涵养价值最小,为0.048万元·hm^-2。3）南方稻区绿肥种植投入成本为0.173万元·hm^-2,绿肥种植所产生的生态价值是种植投入成本的6.5倍。研究表明农田冬种绿肥紫云英的生态服务价值是客观存在的。该研究为南方稻区绿肥引入冬闲田后生态价值的评估提供了较为科学的研究方法和基础参数,同时,也为未来政府制定绿肥种植的生态补偿机制提供了理论依据。     

Alterations in yield,physicochemical components and mineral composition of onion following organic manure and inorganic nitrogen application

Onion is the one of the most important vegetable crops grown extensively throughout the world; hence, understanding the response of the crop to the form and amount of N provided is of immense importance. In a field experiment, poultry and cattle manure (at 10?t/ha) were compared with four inorganic nitrogen (N) application levels (0, 60, 90 and 120?kg?N/ha), and six combinations of manure and N applications were investigated. Plant growth and total yield (kg/ha) significantly increased, when N application increased from 0 to 120?kg/ha, with or without added poultry manure. Plant height, leaf number and neck thickness were significantly reduced at 0?kg/ha?N plus cattle manure. The bulb ascorbic acid concentration significantly increased with the use of poultry manure (15.94?mg/100?g) and cattle manure (15.94?mg/100?g), compared with 120?kg/ha inorganic N (11.42?mg/100?g). No significant effects were observed on total phenolics and total soluble solids of onion bulbs following the different fertiliser treatments. Cattle manure increased P and K concentrations, whilst poultry manure significantly increased Zn and Fe concentrations in onion bulbs. Onion bulb Ca and Mg concentrations were lower when cattle manure (0.19% and 0.12%) was used than when other organic or inorganic fertilisers were used. Therefore, organic manure increases the concentrations of certain minerals in onions, compared with inorganic N application, without negatively affecting bulb size.     

有机肥与覆盖对苏北滩涂重度盐渍土壤水盐调控效应分析

<正>苏北地区滩涂资源丰富,拥有占全国1/4以上的滩涂面积,是非常重要的后备土地资源,同时,其开发利用历史悠久,已取得了巨大的社会经济效益[1-2]。但从目前研究看来,土壤质量偏低依然是制约苏北滩涂开发利用的主要障碍因子[3]。土壤盐渍化,尤其是重度盐渍化,作为影响滩涂土壤质量的主要障碍因子之一,严重抑制了土壤生产力的发挥,导致土地生产效率普遍偏低[4]。因此,采取     

高、中、低产田水稻适宜施氮量和氮肥利用率的研究

为探明不同施氮水平对湖北省高、 中、 低产田水稻产量和氮肥利用率的影响。选用水稻品种两优培九为供试品种,采用大田小区试验,探索不同地力水平（高、 中、 低）下稻田的最佳施氮量,考察不同施氮水平对不同地力水平水稻产量及产量构成因素、 氮肥贡献率、 土壤氮素依存率和氮肥利用率的影响规律。结果表明, 在2011年大田试验中,高产田和中产田都在施氮量为N 180 kg/hm2 的处理中获得最高产量,分别比CK增产10为探明不同施氮水平对湖北省高、 中、 低产田水稻产量和氮肥利用率的影响。选用水稻品种两优培九为供试品种,采用大田小区试验,探索不同地力水平（高、 中、 低）下稻田的最佳施氮量,考察不同施氮水平对不同地力水平水稻产量及产量构成因素、 氮肥贡献率、 土壤氮素依存率和氮肥利用率的影响规律。结果表明, 在2011年大田试验中,高产田和中产田都在施氮量为N 180 kg/hm2 的处理中获得最高产量,分别比CK增产10.70%、 27.23%;而低产田则是在施氮为N 240 kg/hm2处理中产量达到最大,比CK增产44.70%。在2012年大田试验中,高产田、 低产田均在施氮为N 180 kg/hm2 时达到最高产量,分别比CK增产12.43%、 74.19%;而中产田在施氮处理为N 240 kg/hm2 时达到最大,比CK增产28.80%。在一定范围内,施氮量越高,氮肥农学利用率和氮肥生理利用率越高,偏生产力越低。综合产量、 产量构成因子以及氮肥利用率得出高产田与中产田适宜施氮量为N 120~180 kg/hm2,低产田适宜施氮量为N 180~240 kg/hm2。适宜施氮量上低产田中产田高产田。     

有机肥与覆盖方式对滩涂围垦农田水盐与作物产量的影响

针对土壤盐碱障碍因子普遍存在于新围垦滩涂农田并严重抑制作物生长的问题,设置了有机肥(鸡粪堆肥)、薄膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖及有机肥+薄膜覆盖、有机肥+秸秆覆盖组合措施,研究其对土壤水盐的调控作用与对作物生长的促进效应。结果表明:各调控均有利于滩涂围垦农田土壤水盐环境的改善、作物的生长,并整体表现出组合措施优于单项措施、秸秆覆盖优于薄膜覆盖的趋势。其中,有机肥+秸秆覆盖组合措施为调控措施中的优化处理,表现在土壤含水量高、土壤电导率与pH值低,作物产量高,增产率达100%以上。单施有机肥虽能增加土壤含水量、降低土壤pH值,但其土壤电导率升高了11.56%,产生了一定的次生盐渍化风险,与覆盖措施的组合能有效控制土壤盐分的表聚,使其显著低于对照,从而保证了有机肥的持续使用。该研究表明,有机肥与覆盖传统农艺措施的有效组合可较好地调控滩涂围垦农田土壤水盐,促进作物增产,该研究为苏北滩涂新垦农田盐碱障碍因子的消减及作物增产提供了一种新途径,也为当地有机肥及秸秆资源的可持续利用提供了依据。