多内切酶组合MSAP分析水稻基因组DNA甲基化

为建立高通量MSAP分析平台和比较不同酶切组合对甲基化敏感扩增多态性(MSAP)检测结果的影响。本研究对全自动毛细管电泳检测体系进行优化,在12对带有相同选择性碱基的引物检测下,比较Bst YⅠ/HpaⅡ-MspⅠ和Eco RⅠ/HpaⅡ-MspⅠ(Bst YⅠ/H-M和Eco RⅠ/H-M) 2组内切酶组合对16个水稻基因组DNA甲基化水平和表观遗传多样性的影响。结果表明,55 cm规格毛细管适用于全自动毛细管电泳仪进行MSAP分析。在16个水稻品种中,Eco RⅠ/H-M组合检测到16个水稻品种平均总甲基化率为58.30%高于Bst YI/H-M组合检测结果 (52.32%);Eco RⅠ/H-M组合平均半甲基化率为31.32%高于平均全甲基化率27.95%;而Bst YⅠ/H-M引物检测到16个水稻品种平均半甲基化水平(23.72%)低于全甲基化水平(28.59%);Eco RⅠ/H-M引物组合共检测到638个多态性位点,多态性位点率为93.55%,Nei's基因多样性指数和Shannon信息指数分别为0.55和0.97均大于Bst YⅠ/H-M组合检测结果,分别为92.32%,0.53和0.94;Mantel检测结果显示,Eco RⅠ/H-M组合得到的数据矩阵与Bst YⅠ/H-M组合数据矩阵之间具有显著相关性,但Bst YⅠ/H-M组合下不同预扩引物Bst YⅠ-T与Bst YⅠ-C数据之间没有相关性。本研究结果表明,较传统的单酶切组合MSAP分析(仅仅Eco RⅠ/H-M酶切组合),不同酶切组合以及不同预扩引物均会对DNA甲基化检测带来结果的多样性,尝试不同的限制酶组合或者多引物组合,将不同差异结合起来可以更加全面的揭示水稻丰富的基因组DNA甲基化多样性。     

栽培稻×药用野生稻种间杂种基因组DNA甲基化的遗传与变异研究

为了探索栽培稻与药用野生稻种间杂种体内异源基因组重组引起的DNA甲基化变异规律,及其生物学效应,利用甲基化敏感扩增多态性(MSAP)技术对辽粳944、药用野生稻及其杂种F_1不同发育时期的叶片和小穗基因组DNA甲基化水平和模式的遗传变异特点进行了分析。结果表明,辽粳944、药用野生稻及其杂种F_1的叶片和小穗DNA的甲基化水平表现出相同的变化趋势,即随着生长发育的进行,DNA甲基化水平呈下降趋势,各组织的全甲基化率均显著高于半甲基化率(P=0.000);杂种在分蘖期、减数分裂期及开花期叶片DNA平均总甲基化率、全甲基化率和半甲基化率分别为20.19%,16.06%及4.13%,其甲基化水平高于双亲;而杂种在减数分裂期、小孢子发育期及花粉成熟期小穗DNA平均总甲基化率、全甲基化率和半甲基化率分别为17.38%,13.67%及3.71%,均比辽粳944高,而比药用野生稻低;杂种小穗的半甲基化率显著高于辽粳944(P=0.015)。杂种叶片和小穗DNA的甲基化模式均有5种类型。经过对94个甲基化特异片段的序列分析,有38个片段的序列与已知或假定功能的基因具有同源性。为进一步研究栽培稻与野生稻种间杂种不育机理奠定了基础。     

Identification of polymorphic DNA markers in cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

The detection of DNA polymorphism in cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is reported here for the first time. The DNA amplification fingerprinting (DAF) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) approaches were tested for their potential to detect genetic variation in peanut. The AFLP approach was more efficient as 43% of the primer combinations detected polymorphic DNA markers in contrast to 3% with the DAF approach. However, the number of polymorphic bands identified using primers selected in both approaches was comparable. In the DAF study, when 559 primers of varying types were screened, 17 (mostly 10-mer types) detected polymorphism producing an average of 3.7 polymorphic bands per primer with a total of 63 polymorphic markers. In the AFLP study, when 64 primer combinations (three selective nucleotides) corresponding to restriction enzymes Eco RI and Mse I were screened, 28 detected polymorphism. On an average, 6.7% of bands obtained from these 28 primer pairs were polymorphic resulting in a total of 111 AFLP markers. Our results demonstrate that both AFLP and DAF approaches can be employed to generate DNA markers in peanut and thus have potential in the marker-assisted genetic improvement and germplasm evaluation of this economically important crop. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.