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1.
Asian cultivated rice was domesticated from the wild rice, Oryza rufipogon and throughout the domestication process, a wide range of morphological and physiological changes altered the ancestral form. This study was conducted to identify the genetic basis of changes associated with the domestication process. An recombinant Inbred line (RIL) population consisting of 120 lines was developed from a cross between the Juponica cultivar.‘Hwayeongbyeo’and a presumed wild progenitor. O. rufipogon Griff. Acc.01944. The population was genotyped with 124 simple sequence length repeat (SSR) markers, providing an average interval size of 15 cM, and also evaluated for 20 traits related to domestication and agricultural performance. A total of 63 quantitative trait locus (QTLs) and one locus associated with qualitative variation for pericarp coloration were identified using single point and composite interval analysis. The number of QTLs per trait ranged from one to seven. Phenotypic variation associated with each QTL ranged from 3.7 to 40.4%. with an average of 15.3%. The results indicated that most domestication‐related traits clustered in chromosomal blocks, and the positions of many of these clusters were consistent with those reported in previous studies and with skewed segregation ratios in these BC1,F7 RILs. For 13 (20.6%) of the QTLs identified in this study. the O. rufipogan ‐derived allele contributed a desirable agronomic effect despite the overall undesirable characteristics of the wild phenotype. Favourable alleles from O. rufipogan were detected for panicle length, spikelets per panicle, days to heading and leaf discoloration associated with cold stress. When compared with previous studies involving interspecific crosses, it can be concluded that O. rufipogon is useful as a source of valuable alleles for rice improvement and that many of the introgressed regions contain genes that have a favourable impact on phenotype in different genetic backgrounds and different environments. 相似文献
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为挖掘有育种利用价值的水稻株高新基因,以来源于‘Katy’/‘湘743’且在第1染色体RM11383-RM1198区间杂合的一个剩余杂合体RHL1030 (F10)为材料,遗传分析RHL1030衍生群体,显示在该区间鉴定到控制株高QTL,增效等位基因来自于‘湘743’。应用SSR标记检测,从RHL1030衍生群体筛选杂合区间分别为RM3411-RM11782和RM6703-RM1198的两个单株,自交一代形成2个F2群体,验证并界定株高QTL在RM6703-RM1198区间。从RM6703-RM1198区间分离群体筛选RM6703-RM8085区间杂合的3个单株和RM5389-RM1198区间杂合的1个单株,自交一代形成4个F2群体,从群体中分别筛选母本纯合型、父本纯合型和杂合型单株各40株构成近等基因系进行方差分析,最终界定株高QTL在RM11782-RM5389区间,物理位置34.17M~35.73 Mb。本研究定位到一个新的控制株高QTL,为改良水稻株型提供资源。 相似文献
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An F2 : 4 population derived from the cross between salt‐tolerant variety ‘Gharib’ (indica) and salt‐sensitive variety Sepidroud (indica) was used to determine the germination traits. The seeds were treated with 80 mm NaCl (salt stress), and 11 traits were determined as indicators for salt‐tolerant including germination rate, germination percentage, radicle length, plumule length, coleoptile length, plumule fresh and dry weight, radicle fresh and dry weight and coleoptile fresh and dry weight. A linkage map of 2475.7 cM with an average interval of 10.48 cM was constructed using 105 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers and 131 SSR markers. As many as that 17 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were detected related to germination traits under salt stress condition; some of them are being reported for first time. Also, overlapping of QTLs related to salt tolerance was observed in this study. The identification of genomic regions associated with salt‐tolerant and its components under salt stress will be useful for marker‐based approaches to improve salt‐tolerant for farmers in salt‐prone rice environments. 相似文献
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Mitsuhiro Obara Yoshihiro Kaneta Ikuko Kodama Sinichi Matsumoto Tomohiko Kawamoto Keiki Ishiyama Tadahiko Mae Amane Makino 《Breeding Science》2022,72(2):124
The development of crop varieties with high nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) is thought to be important in achieving sustainable cereal crop production. The high yield large-grain rice cultivar Oryza sativa L. ‘Akita 63’ (temperate japonica) has high physiological NUE (PNUE) for grain yield (GY). Our previous study revealed that a large-grain allele of GS3 is present in ‘Akita 63’. Here, we verified the influence of GS3 on the yield properties and PNUE for GY in ‘Akita 63’. The frequency distribution of brown rice length in F2 crosses of ‘Iwate 75’ and ‘Akita 63’ showed a continuous distribution that could be explained by GS3. A near-isogenic line was developed to substitute the GS3 segment of ‘Koshihikari’, which harbours a normal-sized grain allele, in the genetic background of ‘Akita 63’ and the line was designated as Akita63NILGS3-Koshihikari. Compared with Akita63NILGS3-Koshihikari, ‘Akita 63’ exhibited a significantly increased grain length, single brown grain weight and GY, although no significant differences were observed in the nitrogen content and above-ground biomass per unit of cultivated area. These results indicate that the GS3 large-grain allele is a contributing factor to high PNUE for GY in ‘Akita 63’. These findings will facilitate the development of nitrogen-efficient rice varieties. 相似文献
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L. J. Zhong F. M. Cheng X. Wen Z. X. Sun G. P. Zhang 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2005,191(3):218-225
The effect of temperature during grain filling on eating and cooking quality of early-season indica rice was investigated by using four cultivars with different amylose content. Starting from flowering stage until maturity, the plants of all cultivars were subjected to two temperature treatments, referred as optimum (mean daily air temperature, 22 °C) and high (32 °C) temperature regimes. The results showed that the effect of high temperature on apparent amylose content and gel consistency in milled rice was cultivar-dependent. Under high temperature, amylose content increased for cv. Jiayu353 and remained little changed for cv. Guangluai4, which had intrinsically higher amylose content, and decreased for cv. Zhefu49 and cv. Jiazao935, which had lower amylose content. By contrast, high temperature reduced or kept stable gel consistency values for cultivars with higher amylose content and increased gel consistency values for those with lower amylose content. Moreover, high temperature significantly increased the gelatinization temperature of all cultivars. Pasting profiles and X-ray diffraction pattern of rice were also affected by temperature. The results suggest that high temperature during grain filling change the component and crystalline structure of starch and result in deterioration of eating and cooking quality for early-season indica rice. 相似文献
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Jong‐Hee Lee Tackmin Kwon Dongjin Shin Tae‐Heon Kim Sang‐Ik Han Jun‐Hyeon Cho Young‐Nam Yoon Gilang Kiswara You‐Chun Song Un‐Sang Yeo Young‐Up Kwon Kyung‐Min Kim Dong‐Soo Park 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(1):61-66
Rice stripe virus (RSV) predominantly affects rice. In this study, we attempted to localize the quantitative trait locus (QTL) conferring RSV resistance in the ‘Zenith’ variety, which is known to harbour Stv‐a and Stv‐b. The resistant variety Zenith was crossed with the susceptible variety ‘Ilpum’ to generate a mapping population comprising 180 F2:3 lines for QTL analysis. Contrary to previous findings, we could not detect Stv‐a‐specific QTLs on chromosome 6. Stv‐b‐specific QTL was detected on the long arm of chromosome 11; it was designated qSTV11z. Six F4:5 lines were selected from the F3:4 population and fine‐mapped using insertion/deletion (InDel) markers. qSTV11z was mapped to a 520‐kb region between the InDel markers Sid2 and Indel8. This region included OsSOT1 (candidate gene for STV11) and other previously reported RSV resistance QTLs. The OsSOT1 sequence in Ilpum and Zenith was identical to that of the susceptible variety ‘Koshihikari’, indicating that OsSOT1 is not the candidate gene of qSTV11z. The localization of qSTV11z should provide useful information for marker‐assisted selection and determination of genetic resources in rice breeding. 相似文献
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Tingting Xu Yuqiang Liu Le Zhang Linglong Liu Chunming Wang Jinlong Hu Zhiguang Sun Gen Pan Shizhuo Xiao Jun He Jie Huang Zeyu Qiu Dejia Fan Ling Jiang Xianian Cheng Huqu Zhai Jianmin Wan 《Plant Breeding》2018,137(5):698-705
Rice black‐streaked dwarf virus disease (RBSDVD), transmitted by small brown planthopper (SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus), causes serious loss in rice production. Breeding resistant cultivars are one of the most effective strategies to control the virus disease and its vector. By both natural inoculations in the field and modified seedling‐box screening test in the glasshouse, an indica variety WR24 showed high resistance to RBSDVD and SBPH. An F2:3 population consisting of 153 lines derived from a cross between WR24 and a susceptible japonica variety Suyunuo was used for quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of RBSDVD and SBPH resistance. The linkage map consisting of 130 SSR markers was constructed with an average marker interval of 13.90 cM, spanning a total of 1890.9 cM. Totally, five QTLs for RBSDV resistance, viz. qRBSDV3WR24, qRBSDV6WR24, qRBSDV7WR24, qRBSDV9WR24 and qRBSDV11WR24, were detected on chromosomes 3, 6, 7, 9 and 11, with LOD scores of 2.7, 3.08, 3.13, 5.28 and 3.7, respectively. Meanwhile, three QTLs for SBPH resistance, including qSBPH5WR24, qSBPH7WR24 and qSBPH10WR24, were mapped on chromosomes 5, 7 and 10, with LOD scores of 2.18, 3.5 and 3.57, respectively. All resistant alleles were from WR24. Among these QTLs, qRBSDV7WR24, qSBPH5WR24 and qSBPH10WR24 were newly reported, and qSBPH10WR24 showed major effect that explained 17.9% of total phenotypic variance. The RBSDVD and SBPH resistance QTLs and the tightly linked DNA markers can be utilized in RBSDV and SBPH resistance breeding in rice. 相似文献
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C. C. Su J. Wan H. Q. Zhai C. M. Wang L. H. Sun H. Yasui A. Yoshimura 《Plant Breeding》2005,124(1):93-95
The brown planthopper (BPH) is one of the most destructive insect pests of rice. Resistant varieties have proved to be one of the most economic and effective measures for BPH management. In this study, an indica rice ‘DV85’ showed resistance to biotype 2 of BPH by bulked seedling test, and a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between a susceptible rice ‘Kinmaze’ and ‘DV85’ was phenotyped to map genetic factors conferring BPH resistance in ‘DV85′. Composite interval mapping revealed that one quantitative trait locus (QTL) with a LOD score of 10.1 was detected between XNpb202 and C1172 on chromosome 11. This QTL was designated as Qbph11. Qbph11 explained 68.4% of the phenotypic variance of BPH resistance in this population. The allele from the resistant parent ‘DV85’ at Qbph11 reduced the damage caused by BPH feeding and would be very useful in breeding resistant rice varieties via marker‐assisted selection. 相似文献
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培育和种植高产水稻品种是解决粮食短缺危机最有效的方法之一.利用轮回亲本明恢86和供体亲本ZDZ057、辐恢838和特青构建了3个BC2F4高产选择导入系群体,从中选择5个稳定的高产导入系培育了4个聚合群体WD135/WD190、WD 190/WD250、WD208/WD258、WD135/WD258.通过对4个F4聚合群体进行大田表型鉴定,考察产量及其相关性状.选取55个SSR多态性标记对聚合群体进行基因型鉴定,并利用性状—标记间的单项方差分析进行产量及相关性状的QTL检测和根据遗传搭车理论对增产的聚合系基因型的分析结果进行卡方检测.方差分析结果表明,穗长和单株产量在所有4个聚合群体中都存在显著或者极显著基因型差异,抽穗期没有差异,其余性状在不同群体中表现不尽一致.在4个聚合群体中,一共有57个聚合系产量高于轮回亲本,增产幅度从0.36％～72.7％,其中有40个聚合系高于其各自的聚合亲本.与轮回亲本和导入系亲本相比,高产聚合系的单株有效穗数、每穗实粒数和每穗颖花数有了一定程度的提高.高产聚合系增产的主要原因是由于单株有效穗数、每穗实粒数和每穗颖花数得到了改良.利用卡方检验和单项方差分析分别检测到22和20个与产量及相关性状有关的QTLs,其中10个QTL与前人定位的结果一致.聚合亲本携带的QTL在聚合群体的效应与导入系群体估算的不完全一致.说明利用选择回交导入系进行复杂性状聚合改良虽然可以部分消除QTL与遗传背景的互作,但是QTL之间的上位性互作可能仍然起着一定的作用.本研究采取的产量聚合系定位方法可靠性较好,为复杂性状的聚合系定位提供了一个新途径. 相似文献
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分子标记辅助渗入佳辐占基因组约800kb区间定向改良珍汕97B外观品质 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
稻米的外观品质性状主要包括粒长、粒宽、长宽比、垩白和透明度。外观性状是稻米商品品质的第一要素,直接影响稻米的商品价值。中国杂交稻以产量高著名,但常因品质欠佳,尤其是外观品质差而影响杂交稻的推广应用。杂交稻汕优63是中国最著名的杂交稻组合,也因品质欠佳而不能持续应用。本研究构建了三个遗传群体,对稻米外观性状进行了经典和分子遗传学研究,并试图利用分子标记辅助手段改良我国三系杂交稻著名保持系“珍汕97B”,以期提高杂交稻汕优63的品质并使之持续应用。主要的研究结果如下:通过整合已发表的分子遗传图谱和基因组数据库,选用45个与外观性状相关的分子标记,在珍佳群体和广佳群体中进行稻米外观性状分子连锁群重建,并用区间作图法对稻米外观性状进行OTL分析。研究表明:在珍佳群体中,检测到9个与稻米外观性状相关的OTL,其中5号染色体的RM169-RM516是粒宽、长宽比、垩白和腹白的共同座位,贡献率分别为10.9％、14.9％、12.0％和14.2％;7号染色体RM214、8号染色体RM339都是垩白和腹白的共同座位,贡献率分别为9.4％和10.0％、11.0％和12.1％;3号染色体上检测到1个长宽比基因座位RM347,贡献率为10.3％。在广佳群体中,检测到5个与稻米外观性状的OTL,其中5号染色体RM169-RM516是粒宽、垩白和腹白性 相似文献
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The traits of elongation, volume expansion, and water absorption are very important in determining the quality of cooked rice grains. In this study, quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of these traits was performed using a recombinant inbred population derived from a cross between two indica cultivars, ‘Zhenshan 97’ and ‘Minghui 63 ,’ which are the parents of the most widely grown hybrid rice in China. Using a linkage map based on 221 molecular marker loci covering a total of 1796 cM, a total of 33 QTLs were identified for the nine traits tested. QTLs were detected on chromosomes 1– 3 , 5– 9 , and 11 , respectively. The QTLs identified included three for cooked rice grain length elongation (chromosomes 2 , 6 , and 11), six for width expansion (chromosomes 1‐ 3 , 6 , 9 , and 11) and two for water absorption (chromosomes 2 and 6). Interestingly, a single QTL located near the wx gene on chromosome 6 seemed to influence all the traits tested for the cooked rice quality. 相似文献
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S. Gopalakrishnan R. K. Sharma K. Anand Rajkumar M. Joseph V. P. Singh A. K. Singh K. V. Bhat N. K. Singh T. Mohapatra 《Plant Breeding》2008,127(2):131-139
Basmati rice is highly susceptible to bacterial blight (BB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Transfer of BB resistance genes from non‐Basmati sources to Basmati through cross‐hybridization requires strict monitoring for recovery of the desirable Basmati quality traits in the recombinants, which show complex inheritance pattern. We integrated background analysis using mapped microsatellite markers with foreground selection to identify superior lines that combine useful genes from a non‐Basmati BB resistance donor line IRBB55 with grain and cooking quality characteristics of the popular Basmati rice variety ‘Pusa Basmati 1’ (PB 1) employing backcross pedigree strategy. Foreground selection using linked markers ensured presence of two genes, xa13 and Xa21 for BB resistance from IRBB55, and the recurrent parent PB 1 allele for the waxy locus giving intermediate amylose content and maintainer allele at fertility restorer locus in the BC1F5 recombinants. Background analysis enabled selection of recombinants with recurrent parent genome to the extent of 86.3% along with the quality traits. The extent of introgression of non‐Basmati donor chromosome segments in the superior selections was estimated to be < 7.8 Mb and < 6.7 Mb in the xa13 and Xa21 linked genomic regions, respectively. Association mapping identified three quantitative trait loci, one each for 1000‐grain weight, fertile grains/panicle and cooked kernel length. The backcross‐pedigree breeding strategy facilitated recovery of additional desirable characteristics from the donor in some of the selections. The elite selection Pusa 1460‐01‐32‐6‐7‐67 with maximum genomic background and quality characteristics of the recurrent Basmati parent gave resistance reaction against BB, similar to that of the non‐Basmati resistant check variety and recorded an yield advantage of 11.9% over the best check in the multiplication agronomic trial in the Basmati growing region of India. This line, which has been released as a new variety in the name of ‘Improved Pusa Basmati 1’ for commercial cultivation in India, is an example of successful application of marker assisted selection to variety development. 相似文献
17.
S. L. Ji L. Jiang Y. H. Wang W. W. Zhang X. Liu S. J. Liu L. M. Chen H. Q. Zhai J. M. Wan 《Plant Breeding》2009,128(4):387-392
A high rate of germination at low temperatures is necessary for economic yields to be maintained. In this paper, the genetic control of low temperature germination ability (LTG) was assessed by the measurement of germination rate (GR), germination rate index (GI) and mean germination time (MGT), and genetically mapped using a set of recombinant inbred lines, derived from a cross between the japonica cultivar 'Asominori' and the indica cultivar 'IR24'. Putative quantitative trait loci (QTL) were validated by testing in two related sets of chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSL). In this genetic background, LTG is under the control of a number of QTL, each of relatively small effect, and is spread over six chromosomes. The most stable of these QTL was for GR, mapping to a segment of chromosome 11 which also carries a QTL for GI. On chromosome 2, qGR-2 not only controlled GR, but also was associated with GI and MGT. Significant differences in LTG were detected between 'Asominori' and some CSSL harbouring qGR-2 or qGR-11 . 相似文献
18.
Bacterial blight (BB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is a worldwide rice disease. QTL providing BB resistance were identified using a set of introgression lines (ILs) derived from a cross between Teqing and Lemont, and 3924 evenly distributed SNP markers developed from the two parents. After inoculating three Xoo pathotypes, CII, CIV and CV, seven major BB resistance‐associated QTL were detected. The alleles at all loci with improved BB resistance were from the Teqing background. Four QTL resistance to CII and CIV were identified in the reciprocal backgrounds across 2 years. Six QTL conferring resistance to CV identified in Teqing background were not detected in Lemont background, indicating that genetic background had a strong effect on the BB resistance‐associated QTL. Based on the interactions of 27 significant digenic QTL pairs among the seven main‐effect QTL, the QTL were divided into three strain‐specific groups. Genotype analyses of resistant ILs suggest that rice lines with a high level of resistance to BB can be achieved by pyramiding R gene(s) and QTL that interact with R gene(s). 相似文献
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Milling quality of rice grains is important to both producers and consumers. In this study, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling brown rice rate (BR), milled rice recovery (MR) and head rice recovery (HR) were analysed by composite interval mapping over 2 years using 98 backcross inbred lines (BILs). A total of 12 QTLs for the three traits were detected, of which five were for BR, four for MR and three for HR. The proportion of phenotypic variation explained by individual QTLs ranged from 7.5 to 19.9%, and additive effects contributed by a single QTL accounted for 0.46 to 2.34% of the variation. QTL‐by‐environment interactions were observed by comparing QTL mapping of the same population grown in two consecutive years. Three of five QTLs for BR and two of four QTLs for MR were detected in 2 years, and all three QTLs for HR were detected in 1 year only. BR was significantly correlated with MR, and all four QTLs of MR were located in the same regions as those of BR. This indicated that QTLs for highly correlated traits could often be detected in the same interval. 相似文献
20.
Wxa and Wxb are the most common alleles of the Wx gene in Asian cultivated rice. The difference between them is responsible for differences in the levels of the Wx gene product in the endosperm, as well as in amylose content, which is an important determinant of the quality of edible rice. Since Indica rice mostly carries the Wxa allele, we introduced the Wxb allele into Indica‐type rice (IR36) from a Japonica‐type rice (T65) by repeated backcrossing. In the near‐isogenic line (IR36 Wxb), the level of the Wx gene product was reduced and, as expected, the level of amylose. However, IR36Wxb had a lower amylose content than the recurrent parent of T65 with the Wxb allele. The results suggest that the Indica (IR36) background might lower the amylose content more than the Japonica (T65) background when the Wx allele is the same. The possible importance of modifiers that regulate expression of the Wx gene is also discussed in relation to improvements in the grain quality of rice. 相似文献