山羊毛囊干细胞的分离及体外培养

试验采用2．4U／mL Dispase酶消化和机械切割法分离毛囊隆突部,经胰酶（0．5mg／mL胰酶＋0．2mg／mL EDTA）消化从山羊耳部皮肤分离得到的毛囊干细胞,然后进行形态学观察、细胞生长曲线测定、克隆形成率及免疫组化染色检测,并对毛囊干细胞的基础培养基进行了筛选。结果表明：DMEM／F12是一种适合毛囊干细胞体外增殖培养的培养基;在以DMEM／F12为基础培养液的培养体系中细胞可传代至19代。     

山羊毛囊干细胞分离、培养及鉴定

采用2．4U／mLDispase酶消化和机械切割法分离毛囊隆突部,经胰酶（0．5mg／mL胰酶＋0．2mg／mLEDTA）消化从山羊耳部皮肤分离得到毛囊干细胞,用自制无血清培养基培养,并用形态学观察、细胞生长曲线、克隆形成率及免疫组化染色检测,探讨毛囊干细胞体外分离培养方法及生物学特性。结果表明,所分离细胞具备毛囊干细胞特征：体积较小、表面光滑、立体感强,呈现未分化细胞特征;K19、integrin-β1以及p63免疫组化染色阳性;第3、5、7代干细胞克隆形成率分别为25．6％±2．6％、31．8％±1．9％和27．0％±3．9％,极显著高于对照组角质细胞克隆形成率（P〈0．01）。采用配制的无血清条件培养液可使山羊毛囊干细胞体外维持未分化状态并传代至19代。     

IGF-1和EGF对辽宁绒山羊初级毛囊体外培养的影响

为研究不同剂量的IGF-1和EGF对辽宁绒山羊毛囊体外生长及毛囊形态的影响,采用显微分离法分离绒山羊初级毛囊,分别测定不同浓度IGF-1(0.1、1、10和100 ng/mL)、不同浓度EGF(0.2、2、20和100 ng/mL)、联合添加IGF-1和EGF(分别添加10 ng/mL和20 ng/mL)对毛囊生长和形态变化的影响.结果表明,IGF-1和EGF对毛囊体外生长均具有正向调节作用,作用大小与剂量有关,最适宜浓度IGF-1为10 ng/mL;EGF为20 ng/mL.IGF-1(10ng/mL)和EGF(20 ng/mL)联合添加对毛囊生长促进作用优于单独添加.IGF-1刺激毛乳头和毛母质细胞分裂增殖;EGF促进毛囊外根鞘细胞分化;联合添加刺激毛球部增大.     

细毛羊毛囊干细胞分离培养方法比较研究

试验旨在对细毛羊毛囊干细胞的分离培养方法进行初步研究,建立细毛羊毛囊干细胞体外培养体系。采用两步酶消化法、机械分离法和两步酶消化法+机械分离法3种方法分离培养细毛羊毛囊干细胞,通过测定毛囊干细胞的数量、克隆形成率及毛囊干细胞的增殖能力等综合评估3种培养方法的优劣,寻求既能方便获得大量毛囊干细胞,又能减少其分化的理想培养条件。倒置显微镜下观察3种培养方法获得的细胞均为铺路石状,均表达角蛋白K19和整合素β1,表明成功获得细毛羊毛囊干细胞,建立体外培养体系。采用"两步酶消化法和机械分离法"相结合的方法获得毛囊干细胞体外培养效果最优。     

山羊毛囊外根鞘细胞系的建立

本试验旨在建立纯一、稳定的山羊毛囊外根鞘细胞系。活体采集济宁青山羊羔羊背部皮肤,采用机械分离与酶消化相结合的方法,分离外根鞘细胞,培养于含有表皮生长因子(EGF)、类胰岛素生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)和氢化可的松的无血清角质细胞培养液中,置5%CO2浓度的37℃培养箱中启动原代培养。待原代细胞长成良好的单层后即可进行传代培养,细胞经传代培养至第8~10代时,更换含EGF、IGF-Ⅰ、氢化可的松和FBS的DMEM/F12培养液进行长期培养。选取传至第40代的外根鞘细胞进行生长特性研究与染色体分析。结果表明:体外培养的细胞倍增时间为51.9 h,培养细胞的染色体数仍以2n=60为主,但是出现了非整倍体性染色体特征;免疫细胞化学鉴定结果表明,该细胞系角蛋白19表达呈阳性。结果提示,本试验分离培养的细胞确为由山羊毛囊干细胞分化来的外根鞘细胞,体外培养的山羊毛囊外根鞘细胞系得到了成功建立。     

羊驼毛囊干细胞分离、培养与鉴定

采用0.2%中性蛋白酶Ⅱ和0.25%胰酶∶0.02%EDTA(1∶1)"两步酶"消化法从羊驼背部皮肤分离得到羊驼毛囊干细胞。用无血清角质细胞培养基(K-SFM)培养进行形态学观察、细胞生长曲线克隆形成率及免疫组化染色检测。结果显示,细胞生长曲线表明,不同代次毛囊干细胞接种前3d生长缓慢,4⁶d进入倍增期,有无限增殖的趋势,所分离的羊驼毛囊干细胞具备毛囊干细胞特征(体积小、立体感强),呈现未分化特征;CK19、CK15、β1-integrin和CD34免疫组化染色阳性;第3、5、7、9代克隆形成率分别为(32.7±2.27)%、(47.0±3.46)%、(46.3±3.18)%和(43.3±3.76)%。结果表明,用"两步酶"消化法成功分离获得羊驼毛囊干细胞,无血清角质细胞培养基(K-SFM)可使羊驼毛囊干细胞体外维持未分化状态并传代至12代。     

牦牛乳腺上皮细胞的体外分离培养及鉴定

为提高牦牛乳腺上皮细胞体外培养成功率,实现高度可重复性,试验采用2.5 g/L(含0.5 g/L EDTA)胰酶和Ⅰ型胶原酶(1 mg/mL)分段消化牦牛乳腺组织块以分离细胞,原代培养时于DMEM/F12培养体系内添加氢化可的松(1 μg/mL)、表皮生长因子(50 ng/mL)及胰岛素-转铁蛋白-硒(5 μg/mL)...     

羊驼毛囊干细胞分离、培养与鉴定

采用0．2％中性蛋白酶Ⅱ和0．25％胰酶：0．02％EDTA（1：1）“两步酶”消化法从羊驼背部皮肤分离得到羊驼毛囊干细胞。用无血清角质细胞培养基（K-SFM）培养进行形态学观察、细胞生长曲线克隆形成率及免疫组化染色检测。结果显示，细胞生长曲线表明，不同代次毛囊干细胞接种前3d生长缓慢，4～6d进入倍增期，有无限增殖的趋势，所分离的羊驼毛囊干细胞具备毛囊干细胞特征（体积小、立体感强），呈现未分化特征；CK19、CK15、81-integrin和CD34免疫组化染色阳性；第3、5、7、9代克隆形成率分别为（32．7±2．27）％、（47．0±3．46）％、（46．3±3．18）％和（43．3±3．76）％。结果表明，用“两步酶”消化法成功分离获得羊驼毛囊干细胞，无血清角质细胞培养基（K—SFM）可使羊驼毛囊干细胞体外维持未分化状态并传代至12代。     

促性腺激素对山羊卵母细胞体外成熟的影响

为了建立针对山羊卵母细胞的理想体外成熟培养体系,本试验研究了在成熟培养液中添加不同浓度的促卵泡素(follicle stimulating hormone,FSH)、促黄体素(luteinizing hormone,LH),不同来源的FSH+LH对山羊卵母细胞体外培养成熟效果的影响。结果表明,采用TCM199添加10%FCS,1～2mg/L17β-E2,10mmol/LHepes,0.055mg/mL丙酮酸钠,2.2mg/mL NaHCO3,500μg/mL链霉素,500μg/mL青霉素,10mg/L FSH及20mg/LLH的培养体系,有利于山羊卵母细胞的体外成熟;进口的和国产FSH和LH对山羊卵母细胞成熟有相同促进效果。     

补骨脂水提液对成骨细胞OPG-RANKL mRNA表达的影响

为了探讨补骨脂水提液对体外培养大鼠成骨细胞核因子-KB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)和骨保护素(OPG) mR-NA表达的影响,选取出生24 h内的SD大鼠颅盖骨,依次用胰酶和胶原酶消化分离培养成骨细胞,用不同浓度的补骨脂水提液(10-1,1.0 mg/mL和10 mg/mL)作用第三代细胞,分别在药物作用24、48 h和72 h后提取细胞总RNA,用实时荧光定量PCR法检测细胞中RANKL和OPG mRNA.结果显示,补骨脂水提液各浓度均能不同程度地促进成骨细胞OPG mRNA的表达、抑制RANKLmRNA的表达,从而上调OPG/RANKL mRNA比值,其中1.0 mg/mL和10 mg/mL的补骨脂水提液作用显著.说明补骨脂水提液通过调节成骨细胞分泌OPG和RANKL的量来促进骨形成、抑制骨吸收,从而治疗骨质疏松.     

血清、促性腺素、EGF和水对山羊卵母细胞体外成熟的影响

为了通过比较培养筛选出能改进和提高山羊卵母细胞体外成熟效率的培养体系 ,培养的山羊卵母细胞以 TCM-199为基础培养液 ,添加 :(1) 10 %血清 (胎牛血清 (FBS)或发情山羊血清 (EGS) ) 2 0 m g/ L促黄体素 (L H) 10 mg/ L促卵泡素 (FSH) 1m g/ L 雌二醇 (E2 ) ;(2 ) 10 % EGS 促性腺素 (L H∶ FSH=5 mg/ L∶ 0 .5 m g/ L 或 2 0 mg/ L∶ 10mg/ L )或者 0 .0 75 IU / m L人绝经期促性腺素 (HMG) 1mg/ L estradiol 17β;(3) 10 % EGS 0 .0 75 mg/ L HMG 10～ 2 0 μg/ L EGF。此外 ,以 M199 10 % EGS 0 .0 75 mg/ L HMG 10～ 2 0 μg/ L EGF为培养基 ,溶解于自制超纯水或储存的商品化超纯水来培养卵母细胞。培养条件为 38℃ ,5 % CO2 。培养 2 4 h后 ,在体式显微镜下统计处于 M 期的卵母细胞比例。结果显示 :在卵母细胞成熟液中添加 10 % EGS比 10 % FBS的成熟培养效果好 ;添加 HMG能够促进卵母细胞的成熟 ,其效果比添加不同比例的 L H/ FSH好 ;成熟液中添加 10～ 2 0μg/ L EGF能促进卵母细胞的成熟 ,但成熟率没有明显提高 ;新鲜的超纯水对于卵母细胞的培养是必要的。结论 :新鲜超纯水配制的 M199 10 % EGS 0 .0 75 IU / m L HMG 10～ 2 0μg/ L EGF培养液可以获得最佳卵母细胞培养效果     

Study on Effect of IGF-1 on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells by Adding Inhibitor

The test was aimed to study the effect of insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) on the proliferation of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs),and provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent regulating mammary gland development using IGF-1. The optimal IGF-1 concentration for inhibiting BMECs apoptosis was obtained by measuring the apoptosis rate at 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after the addition of IGF-1 at four groups (0, 10, 50 and 100 μg/mL). Then divided into six groups:BMECs group, BMECs+IGF-1 group, BMECs+LY294002 group, BMECs+IGF-1+LY294002 group, BMECs+RAPA group and BMECs+IGF-1+RAPA group,and the apoptosis rates were detected by flow cytometry. The results showed that the heterologous IGF-1 had an inhibitory effect on the apoptosis of BMECs with an optimal concentration of 50 μg/mL. The apoptosis rates of BMECs+IGF-1+LY294002 and BMECs+IGF-1+RAPA groups were extremely significantly higher than BMECs+IGF-1 group (P<0.01). This study suggested that IGF-1 could activate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and thereby inhibit the apoptosis of BMECs. Moreover, IGF-1 might also promote the "repair" mechanism for the inhibited PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, and therefore make it reparticipate in BMECs life process.     

表皮生长因子和胰岛素样生长因子对水牛卵母细胞胞质成熟的影响

以皮层颗粒（CG）单层分布于质膜下做为卵母细胞胞质成熟的标志,利用CG荧光染色法,研究了不同浓度表皮生长因子（EGF）和胰岛素样生长因子（IGF-1）及其组合对水牛卵母细胞胞质成熟的影响。结果发现：（1）添加不同浓度的EGF（10、20、30、50ng／mL）都可以提高胞质的成熟率,但是组间差异不显著（P〉0．05）;皮质颗粒的分布随着EGF浓度的升高逐步由中间分布向皮层分布转变;（2）在成熟液中添加IGF-130ng／mL时效果较好,能显著提高卵母细胞胞质的成熟率;皮质颗粒的分布随着IGF-1浓度的升高逐步由中间分布向皮层分布转变,在添加IGF一130ng／mL时,在皮层分布最好,随着IGF-1量的进一步增加,皮质颗粒又向中间分布转变;（3）添加20ng／mL EGF＋30ng／mL IGF-1组卵母细胞体外成熟率高于添加30ng／mL的IGF-1组,显著高于添加20ng／m LEGF组和对照组（P〈0.05）。由此表明,EGF和IGF-1对水牛卵母细胞体外成熟有协同作用。     

添加通路阻断剂对IGF-1影响奶牛乳腺上皮细胞增殖与凋亡的研究

试验旨在研究胰岛素样生长因子-1（insulin-like growth factor 1,IGF-1）对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞（bovine mammary epithelial cells,BMECs）增殖的影响,为后期利用IGF-1调控乳腺发育奠定理论基础。以奶牛乳腺上皮细胞为材料,首先分4组分别外源添加0（对照组）、10、50、100 μg/mL IGF-1且分别培养12、24、48、72 h,测定抑制BMECs凋亡率的最佳浓度;然后分6组：单纯BMECs组、BMECs+IGF-1组、BMECs+LY294002组、BMECs+IGF-1+LY294002组、BMECs+RAPA组和BMECs+IGF-1+RAPA组,采用流式细胞术测定各组细胞凋亡率。结果表明,外源性添加IGF-1对BMECs凋亡率具有抑制作用,最佳浓度为50 μg/mL;BMECs+IGF-1+LY294002与BMECs+IGF-1+RAPA组细胞凋亡率均极显著高于BMECs+IGF-1组（P<0.01）。推断IGF-1能够活化PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路,参与BMECs凋亡的调控作用,进而抑制BMECs细胞凋亡;IGF-1可能会对被抑制PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路产生"修复"机制,使其能够重新参与BMECs的生命进程。     

Effect of exercise, training, circadian rhythm, age, and sex on insulin-like growth factor-1 in the horse

Insulin-like growth factor-1 could be a useful marker in the horse for diagnostic, selection, or forensic purposes, provided its physiological regulation is well understood. The objective of this study was to investigate factors, such as acute exercise, fitness training, time of day, sex, and age, that may influence serum IGF-1 in normal, healthy horses. Throughout a 9-wk training program, 6 geldings maintained a mean (+/- SEM) IGF-1 concentration of 302 +/- 29 ng/mL. Moderate or high intensity exercise had no effect on IGF-1 concentrations, when pre- and postexercise values were compared. Over a 24-h period, there was some variation in IGF-1 concentrations but no clear diurnal rhythm. Concentrations of IGF-1 were measured in a large population of thoroughbred horses (1,880) on 3 continents. The population deviated slightly from a normal distribution (P < 0.001) because of large IGF-1 concentrations in 10 horses. The global mean IGF-1 concentration was 310 +/- 2.2 ng/mL, with a greater mean value (P < 0.001) in gonad-intact males (336 +/- 5.6 ng/mL) than in females (303 +/- 3.2 ng/mL) or geldings (302 +/- 3.2 ng/mL). However, the greatest IGF-1 concentrations observed for all stallions, mares, and geldings were 627, 676, and 709 ng/mL, respectively. In mares and geldings, IGF-1 concentrations showed a gradual decrease with advancing age (P < 0.001), but the effect was much less marked in stallions. This study confirms that IGF-1 concentrations are stable, compared with GH concentrations, in the horse and that a meaningful measure of IGF-1 status can be obtained from a daily serum sample.     

The stimulatory effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 on the proliferation, differentiation, and mineralisation of osteoblastic cells from Holstein cattle

This study investigated the effect of exogenous insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblastic cells from Chinese Holstein cattle and the resultant bone nodule formation and mineralisation in vitro. The osteoblastic cells were isolated and cultured, then identified using Giemsa and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining methods. The effect of different concentrations of IGF-1 on cell growth was assessed by MTT assay. The ALP activity and osteocalcin (OC) concentration in the osteoblastic cells were measured by a colorimetric assay and a radioimmmunoassay, respectively. Calcium nodules were observed using alizarin red S stain, while the content of matrix calcium was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Cell proliferation in the cultures was stimulated by IGF-1 at concentrations ranging from 1 to 200 ng/mL, with the maximum effect observed at 100 ng/mL. This effect was observed from day 1 and peaked at day 5, but decreased at day 7. At concentrations of 10 ng/mL and 100 ng/mL, IGF-1 significantly induced ALP activity, OC level, matrix calcium content, and nodule formation of the osteoblastic cells by 20–180% (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), compared to controls. The results suggested that IGF-1 is an anabolic agent for the proliferation, differentiation, mineralisation and calcium content of dairy cow osteoblasts, and could therefore act as a potential treatment for the metabolic bone diseases in these animals.     

复方伊维菌素乳液在山羊体内的药代动力学研究

为了探讨复方伊维菌素乳液在动物体内的药物代谢,为兽医临床提供用药参考。试验选取7只山羊,每只山羊按0.1 mL/kg (伊维菌素0.2 mg/kg, 阿苯达唑10 mg/kg)剂量口服,给药后0.5、1、2、3、4、6、8、12、16、24、36、48、60 h颈静脉采血5 mL,分离血清,-20 ℃保存,用高效液相色谱仪检测样品血药浓度。试验结果表明,①伊维菌素在山羊体内的代谢情况为：0.5 h,0.112151 μg/mL; 第1次达峰时间为4 h, 0.302702 μg/mL;第2次达峰时间为16 h,0.258284 μg/mL;60 h,0.011118 μg/mL。②阿苯达唑在山羊体内的代谢情况为：0.5 h, 0.049285 μg/mL;第1次达峰时间为8 h,4.95283 μg/mL ;第2次达峰时间为16 h,5.694551 μg/mL;60 h,0.06434 μg/mL。复方伊维菌素中的伊维菌素和阿苯达唑在山羊体内代谢时间短,第60小时已达到很低的血药浓度。     

Adiponectin and IGF-1 are negative acute phase proteins in a dog model of acute endotoxaemia

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of an experimentally induced acute inflammation on serum adiponectin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels in the dog, and to compare their evolution with other well-established acute phase proteins (APPs) such as C-reactive protein (CRP), and haptoglobin (Hp). Therefore levels of adiponectin, IGF-1 and a profile of APPs were measured in healthy dogs after intravenous administration of E. coli LPS (0.02 mg/kg) and compared with dogs injected with saline solution (0.2 mL/kg). Adiponectin and IGF-1 were both decreased in response to endotoxins in the dog. Significant positive correlations were found between adiponectin and IGF-1 (r=0.31; p<0.05). Adiponectin had also a significant negative correlation with CRP (r=-0.39; p<0.05) and Hp (r=-0.27; p<0.05), whereas IGF-1 had significant negative correlation with CRP (r=-0.52; p<0.001). The results obtained in the present study indicate that adiponectin and IGF-1 behave as negative acute phase proteins after acute inflammatory stimulus in dogs.     

绒山羊皮肤干细胞的初步分离及碱性磷酸酶鉴定

以0.02%胰酶4 ℃过夜消化,分离表皮,37 ℃消化30 min,打成单细胞悬液,经100 μg/mL Ⅳ型胶原处理的培养皿黏附10 min,除掉未黏附的细胞,加入培养基(80% DMEM-F12+20% FBS+氢化可的松(25 μg/mL)+青霉素(100 IU/mL)+链霉素(100 μg/mL)+胰岛素(15 μg/mL)+转铁蛋白+EGF(20 μg/mL))培养24 h,而后将此细胞消化接种到经20 μg/mL丝裂霉素C处理4 h的成年绒山羊成纤维细胞滋养层上,培养2 周后有各种形态的克隆状细胞集落出现,用碱性磷酸酶(AKP)染色呈深黑紫色,初步判断细胞呈阳性。本研究旨在分离绒山羊皮肤干细胞,为研究干细胞分化机制,探索绒毛发育机理,培育高产高质绒毛性状奠定分子育种理论基础。