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2005年中国液态奶市场走势浅析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2004年的中国液态奶市场可以用一句话来形容:价格战打的天昏地暗。在过去的一年中,中国的液态奶生产厂家虽然还没有分出胜负,但液态奶的生产、销售格局与2003年相比已经发生了较大地变化,最主要的是几家大型液态奶生产企业销售额排名发生变化,蒙牛以销售液态奶66亿元的成绩名列榜首,伊利以58亿元紧随其后,光明以52亿元排名第三,三鹿以16亿元将三元挤出第四的位置, 相似文献
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为了研究我国城乡居民对液态奶的消费偏好,笔者采用联合分析的方法,调查了黑龙江省哈尔滨市、齐齐哈尔市、佳木斯市等10个地区的756个消费者,运用最小二乘法的回归模型分析了城乡居民对液态奶4个产品属性(价格、品牌、脂肪含量、口味)及其不同属性水平的消费偏好。结果表明:品牌是最受消费者关注的因素,价格对消费者购买液态奶的影响有所下降,城市和农村居民更加关注"脂肪含量",乡镇居民更关注"口味";对于大多数消费者而言,液态奶的4个属性的相对重要性为品牌价格脂肪含量口味,最受消费者欢迎的液态奶产品为2元/250 m L的本地品牌的低脂肪含量的风味奶或酸奶。 相似文献
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国务院办公厅关于加强液态奶生产经营管理的通知,在全国各地引起强烈反响。9月28日上午,农民日报社、北京市质量技术监督局和北京市奶业协会联合在京召开了以“让市民放心消费,让奶农不再流泪”为主题的贯彻国办加强液态奶生产经营管理通知座谈套。来自首都奶业界的专家学者、乳品加工和养殖企业及奶农代表;上海、云南、山西等省奶业协会负责人.新闻媒体代表近百人参加会议。中国奶业协会常务副理事长、秘书长魏克佳,《农民日报》社副社长刘勇、北京市质量技术监督局质量监督处处长白建国,北京市奶业协会理事长范学珊,我国著名乳品专家骆承库。中国农业大学教授任发政,北京三元食品股份有限公司总经理组立平,北京三元绿荷奶牛养殖中心总畜牧师乔绿,大兴区奶业协会理事长黄文明,顺义区广峰奶牛合作社社长徐广峰,上海奶业行业协会秘书长陈新.就如何贯彻落实国办通知做了重点发言和郑重承诺。会议由北京市奶业协会秘书长陈文奇主持。现将部分发言内容摘录如下(根据录音整理),与大家共同交流。 相似文献
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随着环境问题的日益恶化,人居环境备受关注.文章通过对宁夏红寺堡移民区居民对目前的居住条件、基础设施建设、公共服务设施建设、生态环境、乡风文明五大系统的满意度调查,运用模糊综合评价方法对移民乡村人居环境满意度进行评价.结果表明:红寺堡移民区居民对现有人居环境满意度总体评价为一般,其中,居民对居住地生态环境不满意.本研究对宁夏生态移民工程的可持续发展具有重要意义. 相似文献
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本文主要通过对比不同年龄段消费人群对乌鸡肉与鸭肉的口感评价来分析乌鸡在我国居民中的消费情况,并做相应的统计学分析,以便科学地指导乌鸡生产和消费。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献