内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区2016～2020年畜间棘球蚴病动态分析

为了解近年来呼伦贝尔市棘球蚴病流行情况,评价该地区棘球蚴病防控工作成效,对2016～2020年呼伦贝尔市棘球蚴病防控监测数据进行了分析,结果显示犬粪棘球蚴总体感染率随驱虫覆盖率升高而下降,犬粪阳性率年度间有显著差异(P<0.05);羊棘球蚴感染率总体呈先上升后下降的趋势,羊棘球蚴阳性率年度间有显著差异(P<0.05);说明通过采取犬驱虫防控、对阳性犬粪无害化处理、提高养殖户棘球蚴病防控知识等有效防控手段,可有效降低牲畜感染棘球蚴的风险。     

甘肃省家畜棘球蚴病流行情况与防控对策

棘球蚴病又称包虫病,是一种重要的人兽共患寄生虫病,不仅给养殖业造成巨大的经济损失,而且对人体健康带来严重危害。本文论述了棘球蚴病在甘肃省的流行情况,指出了目前棘球蚴病防控工作存在的问题,结合甘肃省实际提出了棘球蚴病防控对策。     

海西州都兰县棘球蚴病流行情况调查

<正>棘球蚴是由细粒棘球绦虫的幼虫棘球蚴寄生于哺乳动物脏器所引起的疾病。家畜被棘球蚴侵袭后,幼畜发育迟缓,成畜生产性能急剧降低,严重时可引起死亡,此病又为人畜共患病,严重危害人的身心健康。为了掌握青海省海西州都兰地区棘球蚴病的流行情况,2011年4—11月份笔者对该地区牛羊棘球蚴和犬细粒棘球蚴虫感染及人患棘球蚴病(包虫病)的危害程度和流行情况进行了调查,为今后开展棘球蚴病的综合防控提供参考数据,现将调查情况报道     

试析棘球蚴病防治概况及面临的挑战

棘球蚴病是一种寄生虫病,直接威胁人和动物的生命健康,目前棘球蚴病已经成为世界性公共卫生问题。本文将分析我国棘球蚴病的防治现状,总结棘球蚴病的防治成就,并对它面临的挑战进行探讨。     

西藏地区棘球蚴病流行现状与成因分析

棘球蚴病是一种严重的人畜共患病,对人体健康和畜牧业发展造成了严重的危害。本文通过深入分析当前西藏地区棘球蚴病流行情况,查找引起棘球蚴病高发的原因,并结合实际提出防控建议,以期为今后西藏全面开展棘球蚴病防控工作提供参考。     

海晏地区棘球蚴病流行情况调查

经调查海晏地区绵羊棘球蚴病的感染率为46.13%,牦牛棘球蚴病的感染率为16.85%,犬细粒棘球绦虫感染率为33.33%,人的棘球蚴患病率为0.69%。这与1991年的调查数相比感染率有所下降,而与综防后的1994年相比,感染率大幅度回升,说明海晏地区棘球蚴病的危害依然严重,需在今后的工作中继续加强防治,促使棘球蚴病达到稳定控制。     

青海民和县牛羊棘球蚴病调查

本文采用剖检法对牛羊进行细粒棘球蚴病的调查,结果显示,牛羊棘球蚴病感染严重,羊棘球蚴病的感染率为74.8%,牛棘球蚴病的感染率为31%;不同地区的牛羊均有感染,涉及全县浅、川、脑不同地区。     

巴州农牧区棘球蚴病预防知识知晓情况调查

课题组采用问卷调查的方法,在巴州地区农牧区居民中随机抽查573人,了解巴州地区农牧区居民对棘球蚴病预防知识知晓情况,为制定农牧区棘球蚴病预防工作提供科学的理论依据。结果表明:对棘球蚴病预防知识总晓率为72.77%,不同性别人群对棘球蚴病预防知识的知晓程度之间差异无统计学意义(X~2=3.372,P=0.074),牧民和学生对棘球蚴病预防知识知晓程度明显低于其他职业人群(X~2=14.502,P=0.002),小学及以下文化程度人群对棘球蚴病预防知识知晓程度明显低于其他文化程度人群(X~2=14.502,P=0.002)。结论:该地区居民棘球蚴病预防知识有待提高,特别是在农牧区农民、牧民和学生中需要开展有关棘球蚴病预防知识的宣传教育。     

玉树县牧区中老年人群棘球蚴病流行调查及社会因素分析

为了解青海省玉树县牧区中老年人群棘球蚴病流行现状,采用棘球蚴病体外快速诊断试剂盒检测、影像学检查和了解发病史的综合诊断方法,对玉树县牧区40岁以上中老年藏族人群共169位牧民进行棘球蚴病检查和流行病学社会因素调查。结果表明,阳性15人,阳性率8．9％;既往病史和本次确诊共有14人感染棘球蚴病,感染率8．3％。流行病学社会因素调查显示,82．3％的牧民知道或听说过人棘球蚴病,也见过牛羊棘球蚴,但缺乏流行病学规律的知识,预防意识淡薄。建议采取以驱除狗棘球绦虫为主的综合防治措施,减轻人、畜棘球蚴病的感染和危害。     

畜间棘球蚴病的流行现状与防控措施

棘球蚴病呈世界性分布,导致全球性的公共卫生和经济问题,受到各国人们的普遍关注。本文从棘球蚴的生活史、流行状况和症状等方面阐述了棘球蚴病及其防控措施。     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.