春伐桑树不同疏芽时间对桑叶产量的影响

试验结果表明:在其它桑园管理措施一致的前提下,新稍条长85%达到15-20cm疏芽,可显著提高春季芽条生长量和春叶产量,极显著提高秋季芽条生长量、秋叶产量及桑树年产叶量.     

桑树不同夏伐时间对秋叶产量的影响

通过不同夏伐时间对秋叶产量影响的初步试验表明:在其它桑园管理措施一致的前提下,采用采叶后第3天夏伐的齐拳剪伐方式,能极显著的提高桑树的芽条生长量及产叶量。     

夏伐桑树不同疏芽时间对种茧育的影响

疏芽作为培养桑园良好群体的重要措施之一,目的是维护和发展树形。笔者曾就夏伐桑树不同疏芽时间与秋叶产量的关系做过探讨。相同条件下的桑叶质量有何变化,我们于2009～2011年连续3年进行了该试验。     

桑树不同夏伐时间对秋叶质量的影响

通过桑树不同夏伐时间对秋季桑叶质量的影响试验表明:在其他桑园管理措施一致的前提下,夏伐时间选在采叶后第3d,能适当提高4龄起蚕结茧率、虫蛹统一生命率、茧质及产卵量,显著提高后代的良卵率和孵化率。综合考虑桑叶的产量和质量,在实际生产中采用采叶后第3d夏伐,既能保证桑叶产量,又能提高桑叶质量,同时方便桑园作业。     

春伐桑树不同疏芽时间与桑叶质量的关系

通过不同疏芽时间与桑叶质量关系的试验表明,在其它桑园管理措施一致的前提下,新稍条长85%达到15～20cm疏芽,可适当提高原蚕的4龄起蚕结茧率、虫蛹统一生命率和茧质及产卵量,显著提高良卵率及实用孵化率。综合考虑桑叶的产质量,生产中建议采用本方法。     

桑树夏伐时间与土化性状的关系

为探索夏伐时间与土化性状的关系,在同一桑园地且其它桑园管理措施一致的前提下进行了该试验。结果是采叶后第2~4d夏伐,可适当提高土壤养分含量,改变土壤pH值,同时影响土壤物理性状及桑树生长发育性能。结合该夏伐时间对桑叶产质量的影响之结果,生产中建议推广使用采叶后第3d夏伐的伐条方式。     

春伐桑树不同伐条时间对桑叶质量的影响

在其它桑园管理措施一致的前提下于12月底至翌年1月初伐条,可适当提高原蚕的4龄起蚕结茧率、虫蛹统一生命率和茧质及产卵量,显著提高良卵率及实用孵化率。综合考虑桑叶的产质量,生产中可推荐采用本方法。     

春伐桑树不同伐条时间对产叶量的影响

试验在其它桑园管理措施一致的前提下,就不同伐条时间对桑叶产量的影响做了调查。结果表明,在12月底到翌年1月初伐条,可适当提高春季发芽率,显著提高春叶产量,极显著提高新梢生长量和芽条生长量、秋叶产量及a产叶量。     

桑树夏伐提高剪伐试验

目前我市养蚕布局的调整已基本达成共识，即：养足春蚕，多养夏蚕，少养中秋，增加晚秋蚕的饲养量，但夏蚕由于受时间、桑叶等客观因素的制约，饲养量难以增加，无法达到布局调整的目的。为此，我们通过改变桑树夏伐模式和肥培管理措施、来解决夏蚕桑叶产量不高的矛盾，经过两年的试验，取得了理想的效果，现将部分结果整理如下：１ 试验地点与方法１．１ 供试桑园 新沂市港头镇赵圩村一块长势一般、１１年树龄、面积３ｈｍ２、平均６６７ｍ２栽１０００株的桑园为试验田，桑树品种为湖桑３２号。１．２试验方法１．２．１ 试验设正常夏伐区…     

不同叶面肥对桑叶产量的影响

在桑园管理措施一致的前提下,用5种常用叶面肥对桑叶产量的影响进行了比对,结果表明,667 m2产叶量依次为：0.3-0.5%的磷酸二氢钾[KH2PO4]＞0.5-0.7%的尿素[CO（NH2）2]水溶液＞0.3-0.5%的硫酸铵[（NH4）2SO4]＞0.4-0.6%的硫酸钾[K2SO4]＞0.5-0.8%的过磷酸钙[Ca（H2PO4）2]。据此认为,桑园施用叶面肥应首选0.3-0.5%的磷酸二氢钾[KH2PO4]和0.5-0.7%的尿素[CO（NH2）2]水溶液。考虑到生产成本及工作之便,生产上推荐使用0.5-0.7%的尿素[CO（NH2）2]水溶液。     

春伐桑树不同伐条部位与桑叶产量的关系

通过春伐桑树不同伐条部位对产叶量影响的初步试验表明,在其它桑园管理措施一致的前提下,采取距离一年生枝条基部4～6 cm处（留芽2～3芽）伐条的剪伐方式,可显著提高芽条生长量和春叶产量,极显著提高秋叶产量,同时影响桑树生长发育.     

涝害对桑树生长影响的探讨

试验调查表明 :桑树受淹轻、受淹时间短 ,对桑树生长影响小 ,受淹持续时间与桑叶产量呈直线相关 ,回归方程为 ( Y=16 .36 5- 0 .90 92 X) ,受淹后加强肥培管理 ,能显著提高桑叶产量     

桑叶和桑枝综合利用概况

近年来,桑叶和桑枝的综合利用研究取得较大进展。桑树资源的开发利用,具有广泛的生态、经济和社会效益,对促进传统蚕桑产业的转型升级具有重要意义。桑叶富含多种保健和营养成分,桑叶茶和桑叶饲料开发已初具规模;桑枝资源丰富,成本低廉,桑枝食用菌栽培、桑枝地板、桑枝造纸以及桑枝制药原料已初见成效。     

桑叶保健代用茶的成分测定与分析

为探明利用选792桑树品种研制出的桑叶茶中的1-DNJ、蛋白质、脂肪、可溶性总糖、铜、锌、铁、锰、磷、钾、硒、钙、18种游离氨基酸以及重金属砷、铅、镉、汞的成分含量与干桑叶中的成分含量是否存在差异,分别采用RP-HPLC法以及国标相应的检测方法,对主要成分1-DNJ及其它部分营养成分和重金属的含量进行了测定。比照分析的结果,桑叶茶和干桑叶中的蛋白质、脂肪、铁、锌、总游离氨基酸和重金属等成分含量总体无差异;主要成分1-DNJ含量比干桑叶低14.2%,可能与该成分具有热不稳定性有关。     

Effect of Different Mulberry Leaf Extracts on Spleen Lymphocyte Proliferation in Mice

This experiment was aimed to compare the effects of different mulberry leaf extract on spleen lymphocyte proliferation in mice. Mulberry leaf polysaccharides (MLP-1, MLP-2, MLP-3, MLP-4 and MLP-5) were prepared with mulberry leaf aqueous extract (MLAE) by different concentration of alcohol deposit, polysaccharides concentration of all extracts were determined by phenol sulfuric acid method. Five different MLPs and MLAE were as the experimental drug, when polysaccharide concentration was 15.625, 31.25, 62.5, 125 and 250 μg/mL, the changes of spleen B and T lymphocytes proliferation in mice which were stimulated by MLPs and MLAE in single or synergistical stimulation of drugs with LPS and PHA were determined by MTT method. The results showed that when polysaccharide concentration was in the range of 15.625 to 250 μg/mL, MLPs and MLAE in single or synergistical stimulation with LPS and PHA could stimulate the spleen B and T lymphocytes proliferation, MLP-1 at low concentration could stimulate significantly spleen B lymphocyte proliferation remarkably (P<0.05), and MLP-3 and MLP-5 at low concentrations showed strong stimulation ability of T lymphocyte proliferation. When MLAE was in synergistical stimulation with LPS at most concentrations points, the spleen B lymphocytes proliferation in mice were significantly higher than those of the cell control and LPS control groups, which revealed that MLAE could significantly improve the humoral immune function (P<0.05).     

不同桑叶提取物对小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞增殖能力的影响

试验旨在比较不同桑叶提取物对小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞增殖作用的影响。用不同浓度乙醇醇沉桑叶水提物,制备桑叶粗多糖MLP-1、MLP-2、MLP-3、MLP-4、MLP-5,采用苯酚硫酸法测定各提取物多糖含量。以5种桑叶粗多糖和桑叶水提物（MLAE）为试验药物,采用MTT法比较多糖含量分别在15.625、31.25、62.5、125、250 μg/mL浓度时各提取物单独刺激及协同LPS、PHA共同刺激小鼠脾脏B、T淋巴细增殖的变化。结果显示,多糖浓度在15.625~250 μg/mL范围内,各提取物无论单独还是协同LPS和PHA时均能促进小鼠脾脏B、T淋巴细胞的增殖,其中,MLP-1多糖含量在低浓度时能显著刺激脾脏B淋巴细胞增殖（P<0.05）;MLP-3和MLP-5在低浓度时表现出较强的刺激T淋巴细胞增殖的能力;MLAE协同LPS在大部分浓度点的脾脏B淋巴细胞的增殖能力均显著高于细胞对照组和LPS对照组,可显著提升体液免疫功能（P<0.05）。     

施用镁肥对桑叶产量和叶质的影响

试验表明在Ｋ／Ｍｇ相对较高的酸性土壤,施用镁肥可提高桑叶产量和改善桑叶品质,在生产上可以施用钙镁磷肥或喷施２％硫酸镁溶液。     

Effects of Mulberry Leaf Meal and Fermented Mulberry Leaf Meal on Slaughter Performance,Meat Quality and Cecum Microflora in Huxu Chicken

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of mulberry leaf meal and fermented mulberry leaf meal on slaughter performance,meat quality and cecum microflora of Huxu chicken at the late growth stage.Three hundred and ninety-two Lingnan Ⅲ Huxu chickens aged ninety-five days were assigned to seven dietary treatments randomly,they were control group,5%,10%,20% mulberry leaf meal groups and 5%,10%,20% fermented mulberry leaf meal groups.Every treatment had 4 replicates,14 chickens per replicates (7 males and 7 females).The pre-trial period was 4 days,and the formal experiment period was 28 days.The results showed as follows:① Compared with the control group,expect the 10% mulberry leaf meal group,the semi-eviscerated percentage were significantly decreased in other experimental groups (P<0.05).Adding 10% mulberry leaf meal or 20% fermenterd mulberry leaf meal extremely significantly reduced the eviscerated percentage (P<0.01) and 10% fermenterd mulberry leaf meal reduced it significantly (P<0.05).The leg muscle percentage of chickens in 5% fermenterd mulberry leaf meal group and 20% mulberry leaf meal group reduced extremely significantly (P<0.01) and significantly (P<0.05),respectively.② Compared with the control group,the shear force of chest muscle in all experimental groups,and leg muscle in all mulberry leaf meal groups decreased,but only the shear force of chest muscle in 10% mulberry leaf meal group decreased significantly (P<0.05).Adding 20% mulberry leaf meal increased the pH_{45 min} of leg muscle significantly (P<0.05).The b^* value of leg muscle reduced in all experimental groups,and only that in the 20% mulberry leaf group reduced significantly (P<0.05).③ Compared with the control group,the number of E.coli of the cecum of chickens in 5% and 10% mulberry leaf meal groups reduced extremely significantly (P<0.05),and the ratio of Lactobacillus to E.coli of cecum in all experimental groups had an increasing trend (P>0.05).All over,the content of mulberry leaf meal in Huxu chickens'diet at the late growth stage could be up to 10%,and fermented mulberry leaf meal could be up to 20%.