略论宪法诉讼

概述宪法诉讼的基本概念、功能及主要模式,提出在我国建立宪法诉讼制度的必要性及我国宪法诉讼制度的初步构想。     

经济审判庭的撤销与经济法诉讼机制的构建

存在近20年的经济审判庭因最高人民法院的机构改革而被裁撤了,由此引发了对经济法诉讼机制构建问题的思考。本文从剖析经济法诉讼的特点入手,运用比较法研究、借鉴西方的先进经验,并在此基础上探讨中国经济法诉讼机制的构建问题。     

磁场处理对根瘤菌(USDA110)和(USDA191)数量及世代时间的影响

本试验通过室内培养方法,研究了磁场处理后根瘤菌USDA110(慢生型)和USDA191(快生型)的数量和生长速度的变化.结果表明:磁场对根瘤菌菌落的生长有影响,所有处理均起正效应,但磁场强度和磁处理时间对其影响的效果不同.磁场强度表现为 300 mT效果最显著;磁处理时间以5 min效果最显著.经磁场处理后,根瘤菌的生长速度加快,世代时间缩短.     

诉讼在乡土社会所处的困境及其功能弱化——安徽乡村民事纠纷的调查报告

在社会大转型中。中国农村民事纠纷与城市纠纷相比，具有主体的熟知性、类型的多样性、利益冲突的易激性等特点，这些特定的因素决定了乡土社会纠纷与现代诉讼制度之间冲突的必然性。对乡土社会的调查和深入的实证研究表明：诉讼在解决农村民事纠纷实际运作中确实也发生了某种偏离：一方面各种纠纷在新的经济背景下愈演愈烈，而现代化法律话语的诉讼却无法为纠纷的解决提供有效的途径，在乡土社会中诉讼及支撑诉讼的现代性法律知识和制度已被抵御、蜕变和整合。而ADR的灵活性、简易性、非对抗性、多样性等特性恰恰使其在解决农村民事纠纷时具有独特的优势。因此，代表国家权力的诉讼应当仅仅是解决乡土社会民事纠纷以达到社会和谐的其中一个途径．在ADR视野下构建中国农村民事纠纷解决机制具有极具合理性和可行性。非诉纠纷解决机制在处理农村民事纠纷上仍有很大的空间。     

简析土地行政公益诉讼制度的设立

分析了土地行政公益诉讼制度的内涵与特征,阐释了设立土地行政公益诉讼制度的法律依据,明确设立土地行政公益诉讼制度的意义。     

我国民事诉讼行为保全制度建构研究

虽然我国已存在行为保全制度相关的立法,但其并不适用于整个民事诉讼领域,为了更好地进行事前救济,有必要在我国民事诉讼中构建行为保全制度。目前国内有关行为保全概念的主要学说,均存在某些方面的不足,行为保全在实质上应是一种程序,不能再将其进行细化归类为诉讼程序或非诉讼程序。我国现行的行为保全制度适用范围小、规定粗略。我国民事诉讼行为保全制度应从程序启动、申请条件、担保等具体角度进行构建。     

大豆慢生根瘤菌（Bradyrhizobium ddjaponicum）的血清型研究

以自东北地区分离的8株大豆慢生根瘤菌为供试菌用交叉凝集反应比较了它们与目前国内外已报道 的15株大豆慢生根瘤菌标准血清型菌株之间的血清学关系。研究结果表明：（1）菌株93H10F5和HJ15不与供试标准血清型菌株发生交叉凝集瓜在，分别命名为O14和O15血清型，（2）菌株HJ19、HJ28、93F42与标准血甭型菌株USDA94有交叉凝集反应，进一步的抗原吸收试验结果表明：HJ19和HJ28的抗原组成完全相同，命名为O3bxl血清亚型；USDA94仅与HJ19有交叉反应，命名为O３ab血清亚型，９３Ｆ４２也与ＨＪ１９有部分共同抗原，命名为Ｏ３de血清亚型。（３）菌株９３ＨＡ８与标准血清型菌株USDA135有部分共同抗原，分别命名为O12bc和O12ab血清亚型，（4）标准菌株USDA127、USDA129与USDA123有交叉凝集反应，抗原吸收试验分别将其细分为O12bc和O12ab血甭亚型。（4）标准菌株USDA127、USDA129与USDA123有交叉凝集反应，抗原吸收试验分别将其细分为O10ab。O10de和O10xxl等3个血清亚型。（5）将USDA的10个标准菌株重新命名为O1，O2，O4，O5，O6，O7，O8，O9，O11和O13血清型。     

未成年人刑事诉讼制度研究

近些年来,随着我国未成年人犯罪案件不断增多,加强对于未成年人刑事诉讼制度建 设变得日益重要。文章以此为分析对象,首先对未成年人刑事诉讼制度进行了介绍,接着分析 了我国未成年人刑事诉讼制度中存在的问题,最后论述了完善未成年人刑事诉讼制度的建议, 以便可以更好的挽救未成年人,使他们拥有更加美满的人生。     

从秸秆焚烧看我国环境民事公益诉讼制度的缺失

从实体法和程序法方面分析了我国现行立法中环境民事公益诉讼规定的缺失,从创设环境权、放宽原告的起诉资格、扩大环境民事公益诉讼的范围等方面探讨了具有中国特色的环境民事公益诉讼制度的构建。     

苜蓿中华根瘤菌与鹰嘴豆中慢生根瘤菌原生质体的融合研究

利用原生质体融合技术 ,以链霉素和青霉素分别作为苜蓿中华根瘤菌 (Sinorhizobium meliloti)10 2 F2 8和鹰嘴豆中慢生根瘤菌 (Mesorhizobium ciceri ) USDA3383的抗药性选择标记 ,成功地获得了 10 2 F2 8和USDA3383的属间融合子。该融合子可分别在双亲寄主植物上结瘤 ,其在细胞形态、大小和蛋白质电泳图谱上与亲本菌株均有所差异。融合子与 10 2 F2 8的 DNA同源性为 90 .8%,而与 U SDA3383的 DNA同源性为 15 .2 %。     

Non-GMO vs organic labels: purity or process guarantees in a GMO contaminated landscape

Since 2010, demand for non-GMO food products has grown dramatically. Two non-GMO labels dominate the market: USDA Organic and the Non-GMO Project Verified (the Project). However, the non-GMO status of Organic is not obvious from the label and many consumers are unaware of this. As sales of products carrying the Project’s non-GMO label have exploded, concern has increased among some Organic proponents that demand for non-GMO threatens the organic market. In response, both sides are seeking to build legitimacy and authority for their label by emphasizing the value of their standards for determining a food product’s non-GMO status within a GMO contaminated agrifood system. Drawing on in-depth interviews with key informants with knowledge of non-GMO standards and labels, we examine the knowledge systems, discourses and actors that proponents of the Project and USDA Organic privilege in their effort to legitimize their standards. Here, the Project emphasizes its application of technoscientific norms, especially thresholds and testing, which they argue provide the best means for preventing GMO contamination and helping consumers find (relative) non-GMO ‘purity’. In contrast, proponents of Organic favor a process standard that excludes GMOs, arguing that non-GMO ‘purity’ is unrealistic in today’s agrifood system that is widely contaminated by GMOs and where mandatory testing would unnecessarily harm organic producers. We conclude that tensions between the two groups are unlikely to be easily reconciled since these two distinct marketing labels rely on different knowledge and verification claims to vie for consumers and increase market share.     

我国亚热带地区快生型大豆根瘤菌遗传多样性研究

利用16S rDNA PCR-RELP、16S rDNA基因序列分析以及16S-23S rDNA IGS PCRRELP技术,对分离自我国江苏盐城、浙江温州、湖北仙桃及重庆等亚热带地区的31株大豆快生型根瘤茵(fast-growing rhizobia)进行了群体遗传多样性研究.16S rDNA PCR-RELP分析结...     

Monsanto may bypass NIH in microbe test

The Monsanto Company is planning to ask the Environmental Protection Agency for clearance to field test a genetically engineered microbial pesticide, bypassing the traditional approval process of the National Institutes of Health. Although only federally funded institutions are required to obtain NIH approval for genetic engineering tests, Monsanto is the first company to bypass the NIH regulatory process, which has become mired in a lawsuit brought by Jeremy Rifkin.     

现行农村基层调解制度的若干问题

寻求诉讼外纠纷解决方式,构造多元化纠纷解决机制,最大化节约社会资源,已成为当今整个法学界关注的焦点问题之一.人民调解制度,是我国所特有的纠纷解决制度.其在基层农村纠纷解决方面发挥了巨大作用.然而实践过程中,在工作方式、工作人员是否回避等问题中还存在问题,有待研究.     

基因组选择在奶牛育种中的革命性突破(综述)

基因组选择(Genomic Selection)方法最近已经在奶牛育种中获得革命性突破。美国农业部和加拿大奶牛网络的最新研究发现,基因组育种值和传统育种值合并后对后备公母牛的育种值的可靠性(准确度)平均增加幅度最大(23%),相当于后裔测定11头女儿的可靠性。基因组选择可以允许育种者提前选择那些获得优越染色体片段的种畜,因此可加快和提高遗传改良的速度和效率,降低后裔测定的成本,甚至最终取代整个后裔测定方法。从2009年起,美国和加拿大将在官方颁布的奶牛育种值中合并基因组育种值和传统育种值。及时采用这一新方法,对我国奶牛业的遗传改良发展速度尤其至关重要。     

Clinical trial stirs legal battles

A lawsuit filed in federal court in Atlanta, Georgia, in February 1982 by two private ophthalmologists and seven prospective patients charges a group of academic physicians with attempting to monopolize radial keratotomy, a surgical procedure for correcting myopia, by labeling it experimental and urging restraint in its use. The parties have agreed to a settlement involving a payment of $250,000 by the defendants and a statement that the procedure is effective in qualified patients and should no longer be considered experimental. A second suit, brought by nine physicians in federal court in Chicago in June 1984, accuses the American Academy of Ophthamology of attempting to control the procedure. The broader issue at stake is how new surgical prdocedures should be evaluated before they are brought into widespread use. In the case of radial kerototomy, a large-scale clinical trial funded by the National Eye Institute is proceeding as planned despite the legal controversy.     

关中部分地区苜蓿根瘤菌的数值分类研究

选用48株分离自关中部分地区苜蓿的根瘤菌和34株已知参比菌株,进行了营养利用、抗生素敏感性和耐逆性等113项生理生化表型性状研究。结果表明:有7株菌对白霉素、青霉素和洁霉素耐受性较强;全部供试菌对去氧胆酸钠、刚果红、孟加拉红、甲基橙和百里香酚兰的耐受性较强;有2株菌能在40g/LNaCl的YMA培养基上生长;大部分菌株能在初始pH值11条件下生长。同时通过MINTS软件分析,得到数值分类树状图。在89%的相似水平上,所有的供试菌株聚在一个不含已知参比菌株的新表观群中,该表观群与已知参比菌株USDA1002和USDA1037在鉴别特征上存在着较为明显的差异。     

剖析新疆蔬菜种子质量投诉中的不完全春化现象

[目的]为探索新疆蔬菜种子质量投诉的规律,分析了自1986年以来新疆蔬菜种子质量投诉的田间技术鉴定资料,从有关低温引起春化作用的案例中筛选出属于不完全春化的表现.[结果]总结出新疆常见的3种蔬菜作物不完全春化的表现:结球甘蓝包心异常,洋葱鳞茎分蘖和分叉,球茎甘蓝长瘤及菠萝状延长.[结论]这些不完全春化现象均发生在属于幼苗春化型的2年生蔬菜作物上.当这些作物的幼苗长到一定大小受到低温影响后,表现出尚未抽薹及开花之前的异常现象,这和种子的质量无关.     

Genetic testing. Families sue hospital, scientist for control of Canavan gene

A successful partnership between parents and a scientist to combat a deadly genetic disease has dissolved into a bitter legal battle over the commercial tests used to identify people with dangerous mutations in their genes. The lawsuit, filed on 30 October in Chicago federal court, is the latest dispute in the growing controversy over who controls and who benefits from human genetics research.     

A tripartite standards regime analysis of the contested development of a sustainable agriculture standard

As concerns over the negative social and environmental impacts of industrial agriculture become more widespread, efforts to define and regulate sustainable agriculture have proliferated in the US. Whereas the USDA spearheaded previous efforts, today such efforts have largely shifted to Tripartite Standards Regimes (TSRs). Using a case study of the Leonardo Academy’s initiative to develop a US sustainable agriculture standard, this paper examines the standards-development process and efforts by agribusiness to influence the process. Specifically, we analyze how politics operate in seemingly “depoliticized” TSRs, and how agribusiness and the USDA use “framing practices” and procedural complaints to influence the standard-development process. We contend that although governance mechanisms are a potentially powerful tool for advocates of alternative agrifood, their efficacy may be constrained by science-based requirements, an agribusiness countermovement, and a captured state.