油斑烟污染源物质的HS-GC-MS指纹图谱研究

建立油斑烟污染源物质的色谱指纹图谱分析方法,为进一步鉴别油斑烟支的污染物来源提供依据。以9种污染源物质样品为研究对象,采用静态顶空-气质联用法(HS-GC-MS)对每种污染源物质不同批次的样品进行分析,分别确定每种污染源物质的共有特征指纹峰,初步建立了油斑烟污染源物质的HS-GC-MS指纹图谱,并对所建立的图谱进行方法学考查和相似度评价。结果表明,每种污染源物质不同批次样品的相似度均在0.9以上,该方法具有良好的精密度、稳定性和重现性,可作为油斑烟污染物鉴别的参考依据。     

基于主成分分析和聚类分析研究贵州不同产地粗毛淫羊藿指纹图谱

[目的]建立贵州不同产地粗毛淫羊藿的HPLC指纹图谱,并结合主成分分析和聚类分析进行研究,为其质量评价提供理论基础。[方法]Agilent InfinityLab Poroshell 120SB-C18色谱柱(3.0mm×100mm,2.7μm),乙腈-水系统为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速0.8mL/min,检测波长270nm,柱温30℃。[结果]建立了贵州不同产地药材共有图谱,确定了20个共有峰,对4个峰进行了指认。34批不同产地样品聚为6类。主成分分析结果表明,前5个主成分的累积方差贡献率达88.607%,贵阳、凯里、麻江、安龙、贞丰、长顺等产地综合得分较高。[结论]该方法可快速,较全面地反映中药材化学成分的信息,为药材的鉴定和质量评价提供科学依据。     

云南不同品种有色稻米HPLC指纹图谱的建立及质量评价

建立云南不同品种有色稻米的HPLC指纹图谱,为科学有效的评价其质量提供可靠的方法。采用HPLC-UV方法对样品进行测定,以Venusil ASB-C18(5 μm,250 mm×4.6 mm)为色谱柱;流动相为甲醇和甲酸水,梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长262 nm,柱温30℃。采用高效液相色谱法建立了云南不同品种有色稻米的HPLC指纹图谱,对收集的24个不同品种的样品进行分析,结果确定了11个共有峰。对不同品种有色稻米的指纹图谱进行聚类分析和主成分分析,24批样品聚为2类,二者分析结果一致。指纹图谱技术结合聚类分析和主成分分析是评价不同品种有色稻米的有效方法之一,为有色稻米的质量控制提供更全面的参考。     

基于FTIR的银杏木材鉴别研究

本文以毛白杨、侧柏为对照,采用红外光谱技术研究了银杏木材的红外指纹图谱,采用共有峰率和变异峰率双指标序列法对6个银杏无性系红外指纹图谱进行了分析鉴别,结果表明：毛白杨、侧柏与银杏3树种木材的红外指纹图谱明显不同,银杏木材的红外指纹图谱兼有阔叶和针叶树的特征,相对更接近于针叶树;6个银杏无性系木材的红外指纹图谱差别明显,能够用共有峰率和变异峰率双指标序列法鉴别银杏不同无性系木材。     

苹果浓缩汁中多酚物质的高效液相指纹图谱研究

通过优化多酚检测条件,分析不同来源苹果浓缩汁中多酚的种类与含量,建立苹果汁多酚的高效液相(HPLC)指纹图谱,以控制苹果多酚的质量及鉴别苹果汁产品的真伪。试验以苹果浓缩汁为样品,采用Welchrom C18色谱柱,在检测波长280 nm,柱温30℃,进样量20 μL,流动相0.3%三氟乙酸水溶液和甲醇（流速1 mL/min）以及梯度洗脱的条件下,标定了12个共有指纹峰,测定出10个不同来源苹果浓缩汁多酚的指纹相似度均在0.900以上,多酚含量为5559~7971 μg/mL。研究初步建立了苹果汁多酚的高效液相指纹图谱。该方法可为苹果加工企业进行苹果多酚的定性、定量分析及质量控制提供理论依据。     

容舒口服液原药材HPLC指纹图谱的建立及成品的质量评价

目的 建立容舒口服液单味药材的HPLC指纹图谱,并建立成品口服液HPLC检测方法。方法 对不同产地的口服液原药材酸枣仁、当归、五味子和玫瑰进行HPLC指纹图谱评价。建立以槲皮素和山奈素为指标的容舒口服液的HPLC检测方法,色谱条件：Welch Ultimate XB-C₁₈ (4.6×250 mm, 5 μm);甲醇：0.4%磷酸溶液(40:60),360nm; 1mL.min_-1; 40℃;10 μL。结果 不同产地的主药材的HPLC指纹图谱峰形区分度较高,共有峰相似度高于98.2%,可以显著区别不同产地药材的含量差异。成品HPLC检测方法建立成功,检测指标槲皮素(5.79-38.6 μg.mL_-1,r=0.9999)和山奈素(3.68-24.55 μg.mL_-1,r=0.9999)在规定范围内线性关系良好;平均加样回收率分别为100.89%和99.86%,RSD值分别为1.96%(n=6)和1.39%(n=6);结论 通过指纹图谱法和HPLC法控制容舒口服液的质量,结果准确,方法稳定可行。     

采收期对宁夏六盘山冷凉地区黄芪质量的影响研究

为建立不同采收期黄芪药材HPLC指纹图谱并测定5种成分含量,确定采收期对宁夏六盘山冷凉地区黄芪质量的影响,以乙腈甲醇混合液-醋酸缓冲盐梯度洗脱,检测波长260 nm,建立黄芪药材HPLC指纹图谱,以DAD检测器测定毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、芒柄花黄素、刺芒柄花苷、毛蕊异黄酮含量;以乙腈-水等度洗脱,ELSD检测器测定黄芪甲苷含量。结果显示,14批不同采收时间黄芪药材HPLC指纹图谱有15个共有峰,5月采收的黄芪毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷与刺芒柄花苷含量较高,10月采收的黄芪毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷与黄芪甲苷含量较高,5月与10月采收的黄芪指纹图谱共有峰总峰面积较大。在宁夏六盘山冷凉地区,黄芪宜在5月或10月采收,HPLC指纹图谱结合含量测定,能够客观、有效地评价不同采收时期黄芪质量。     

渝产白芷高效液相色谱指纹图谱研究

建立渝产白芷高效液相色谱指纹图谱,并分析其质量的主要影响因子,以便规范渝产白芷科学发展和有效控制其生产质量。以RP-HPLC法采集色谱图,用国家药典委员会“中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统（2004年）”建立各类对照指纹图谱并计算相似度。结果表明：65批次白芷样品指纹相似度介于0.633~0.997,其中9批次介于0.633~0.773,均为熏硫品,其余都超过了0.9;渝产白芷与遂宁白芷相似性很强;渝产白芷的指纹相似度,以产地、种植土壤和采收加工方法影响最大,海拔高度差异影响其次,采收日期和表皮差异影响最小。     

不同产地林下三叶青多糖指纹图谱研究

建立三叶青多糖指纹图谱评价体系,对三叶青进行来源鉴别和质量控制。以不同产地三叶青为材料,用PMP柱前衍生化-HPLC法和化学计量学分析,测定三叶青多糖图谱及其单糖含量和组成比例。建立了不同产地三叶青多糖图谱及其共有模式,并确定了葡萄糖、鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖等8个单糖色谱峰。各批样品之间相似度较高,在0.934~0.997之间。根据主成分因子得分发现遂昌的多糖质量最好,温州的次之。经测定其单糖组成,得到甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖和阿拉伯糖的含量较高,分别为9.094%、11.451%、56.695%和11.030%,其中半乳糖是三叶青多糖的主要组成成分。本研究建立了三叶青多糖指纹图谱并测定出其中单糖组成及其含量,该方法稳定可靠,可用于三叶青的来源鉴别和质量控制。     

花生新品种汕油21种子纯度SSR标记鉴定体系的建立和应用

为探索花生品种纯度的分子标记鉴定方法,采用SSR标记构建不同花生品种的指纹图谱。结果表明:利用3对SSR标记引物构建20个花生品种的指纹图谱,该图谱可以将汕油21与其它19个花生品种进行区分,这些品种包括汕油162、汕油212、汕油31、汕油33、汕油71、粤油5号、粤油7号、粤油29、粤油32、汕油27、汕油523、粤油9号、粤油13、粤油14、粤油79、粤油114、J11、仲恺花1号和泉608等;以3对SSR引物对汕油21繁育种子60个样品进行种子纯度检测,共有2对标记引物检测到3个杂株样品,该种子批的纯度为95.0%。因此,利用SSR标记构建花生品种指纹图谱并应用于汕油21品种纯度鉴定是可行的。     

广东省广藿香种植业发展策略

为了给广藿香种植业的政策制定和科研方向提供参考,通过调查分析广东省内阳江市、茂名市、湛江市、肇庆市4个产区内广藿香的生产现状,指出产区内广藿香种植业存在种质来源混杂、病虫害严重、栽培管理粗放、销售价格不稳定、政府支持力度不足等导致生产逐渐萎缩的问题,结合现代南药发展趋势,提出发展广藿香种植业的策略。最后指出建立大型广藿香栽培基地、明确市场容量以引导生产、突破连作障碍技术等,是广藿香种植业良性发展的关键。     

Analysis of the Chemical Components of Essential Oils from Leaves of Tetracera sarmentosa by GC- MS

[Objective] To research the chemical components in the essential oils from leaves of Tetracera sarmentosa( L.) Vahl by GC-MS.[Methods]Essential oils were extracted from the leaves of T.sarmentosa by steam distillation method.The chemical components were analyzed by GC-MS; and the relative content of each component was detected by peak area normalization method.[Results]A total of 47 chromatographic peaks were isolated and 19 chemical components were identified,accounting for 73.72% of the total essential oils.The main chemical components from leaves of T.sarmentosa were hexadecanoic acid( 41.59%),phytol( 11.10%),linoleic acid( 5.08%) and so on.[Conclusions]This research provided references for the quality control of the leaves of T.sarmentosa,as well as the further development and utilization of the leaves of T.sarmentosa.     

Fingerprint Features of Different Varieties of FLOS CHRYSANTHEMI

[Objective] To compare the fingerprint features of different varieties of FLOS CHRYSANTHEMI,and to lay foundation for the establishment of HPLC fingerprint chromatogram of FLOS CHRYSANTHEMI. [Methods] HPLC fingerprint chromatograms of different varieties of FLOS CHRYSANTHEMI were analyzed,which were collected from Tongxiang Germplasm Resources Garden in Zhejiang Province. The correlations of different varieties of FLOS CHRYSANTHEMI were researched by similarity analysis,cluster analysis and principal component analysis. [Results] HPLC fingerprint chromatograms of FLOS CHRYSANTHEMI were established,showing that there was certain similarity in HPLC chromatograms of different varieties. A total of 13 common peaks were screened. Results of fingerprint data,cluster analysis and principal component analysis showed the connection of different varieties of FLOS CHRYSANTHEMI in regionality and genetic relationship,as well as their unique characteristics. [Conclusions]The chromatographic system could be used for establishing the fingerprints of different varieties of FLOS CHRYSANTHEMI,which provided references for the application,quality evaluation and germplasm selection of FLOS CHRYSANTHEMI.     

Infrared Fingerprint of Arecae semen and Arecae semen Tostum

[Objective]To explore the characteristics of IR fingerprint and the changes of chemical components in Arecae semen before and after processing. [Methods]Arecae semen and Arecae semen tostum were detected by infrared spectroscopy and their characteristic peaks were assigned. [Results]IR fingerprint,characteristic absorption peaks and diagnostic characteristic peaks of Arecae semen and Arecae semen tostum were obtained. And we also discovered the change rule of IR fingerprint and chemical components before and after processing. [Conclusions]The method was simple,quick and sensitive,so it could be used in qualitative detection of Arecae semen and Arecae semen tostum and comparative analysis of their composition. And it also provided basis for the quality control.     

PCA-HCA Chemical Pattern Recognition of CORTEX MOUTAN

[Objective] To establish a chemical pattern recognition for CORTEX MOUTAN. [Methods] CORTEX MOUTAN in 20 different production areas were detected by RP-HPLC to obtain the fingerprint. Chemical pattern recognition was carried out by Principal Component Analysis( PCA) and Hierachical Cluster Analysis( HCA). [Results] The 20 batches of CORTEX MOUTAN were divided into two categories: one was Anhui production area,and the other was Shandong and Henan production areas. According to the chemical component contents,md-019,md-020,md-017,md-018 and md-004 had relatively high quality. [Conclusions] Pattern recognition technique on chemical level was established for the quality evaluation of CORTEX MOUTAN,which provided references for the classification and quality evaluation of CORTEX MOUTAN.     

Establishment of Variable-wavelength Fingerprint for Yixinshu Tablets

[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to establish the HPLC fingerprint of Yixinshu tablets,in order to provide a basis for quality control of Yixinshu tabl...     

中草药提取物对朱砂叶螨的触杀活性测定

采用玻片浸渍法室内测定了27种中草药提取物对朱砂叶螨的杀螨活性。当提取物浓度达到2 mg/ml时,藿香氯仿提取物等8种提取物的杀螨活性较高。根据杀螨活性的初筛结果,选取触杀活性较高的8种提取物进行对朱砂叶螨的触杀毒力测定。按LC50值大小从低到高依次为：藿香氯仿提取物[（0.5380±0.1319）mg/ml]、使君子石油醚提取物[（0.5554±0.1088）mg/ml]、萹蓄氯仿提取物[（0.7153±0.1253）mg/ml]、大风子氯仿提取物[（0.7582±0.1038）mg/ml]、大风子石油醚提取物、萹蓄石油醚提取物、鸡血藤石油醚提取物、皂角刺石油醚提取物。     

平菇和榆黄蘑及培养料中的三唑酮的残留动态研究

为制定三唑酮在食用菌上的残留安全标准,在吉林农业大学食用菌基地进行栽培培养,采用子实体喷药、培养料拌药的方法进行残留动态试验,通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪测定分析三唑酮在子实体和培养料中的残留量和残留动态。结果表明,三唑酮在食用菌及培养料中的降解过程均符合一级动力学方程,三唑酮在食用菌和培养料的半衰期分别为2.3~3.1天和14.2天。平菇、榆黄蘑及其培养料在收获时期的三唑酮残留量均小于0.01 mg/kg。证明试验建立的检测方法准确可靠,并为在食用菌上制定的MRL值提供了科学依据。     

Analysis of the Volatile Components in the Fruits of Vanilla planifoli Andrews by HS- SPME Combined with GC- MS

[Objective]To analyze the volatile components from fruits of Vanill planifoli Andrews. [Methods]The volatile components were extracted and enriched by headspace solid-phase microextraction(HS-SPME). The chemical components were analyzed by GC-MS. The fiber head of HS-SPME was selected,while the HS-SPME operating conditions were optimized. [Results]A total of 28 components were separated and identified,accounted for 98. 17% of total volatile components. Among them,vanillin had the maximum content(48. 28%),followed with guaiacol(15. 54%). [Conclusions]HS-SPME combined with GC-MS was used to analyze the volatile components from V. planifoli fruits for the first time,which provided scientific basis for further research and development of volatile components in V. planifoli fruits     

Analysis of the SFE-CO_2 Extracts from Periplaneta americana by GC-MS

[Objective]To analyze the chemical components extracted with SFE-CO2 from Periplaneta americana. [Methods]The SFE-CO2 extracts from P. americana were isolated and identified by GC-MS. Their relative percentages were calculated by peak area normalization method. [Results]A total of 50 chemical components were identified from the SFE-CO2 extracts of P. americana,which were mainly the unsaturated fatty acids and esters,accounting for 76. 33% of the total content. [Conclusions] The SFE-CO2 extracts from P. americana were researched by GC-MS,which provided theoretical references for the further development and utilization of P. americana.