耐盐降解性菌株A1(Arthrobactersp.A1)的渗透调节

菌株A1 (Arthrobactersp .A1 )分离自降解含盐 (NaCl浓度为 0 .77molL- 1)苯乙酸生产污水的活性污泥。该菌株能在NaCl浓度为 0 .1molL- 1～ 2 .0molL- 1,以苯乙酸为惟一碳源的基础培养基中生长。在不同的NaCl浓度下 ,菌株A1细胞内的QAC(Quaternaryammoniumcompounds)、游离谷氨酸和K 含量与盐浓度的升高成正相关。在盐激条件下 ,菌株A1细胞内的QAC、游离谷氨酸和K 含量急剧增加 ,当外界的盐浓度突然从 0 .1molL- 1增加到 1 .0molL- 1时 ,其细胞内的QAC和游离谷氨酸含量在 40分钟内分别增加了 4.9倍和 2 .1倍。     

荆芥幼苗对盐胁迫的生理响应

为探究盐胁迫对荆芥幼苗生理特性的影响,采用盆栽砂培试验,研究不同浓度盐胁迫(0、25、50、75和100 mmol·L^-1 NaCl)下荆芥幼苗生长、质膜稳定性、渗透调节、抗氧化酶系统、离子吸收和分配的变化。结果表明,随着盐浓度的增加,荆芥盐害指数逐渐升高,幼苗株高增加速率和比叶面积均逐渐降低,单株干重和叶绿素含量均呈先增加后减少的趋势,且均在25 mmol·L^-1 NaCl处理下达到最大;叶片中丙二醛(MDA)含量和电解质渗漏率均显著增加;可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量均呈先增加后减少趋势,且分别在50和75 mmol·L^-1 NaCl处理下达到最大,而可溶性糖含量则不断上升;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均呈先上升后下降的趋势,在25 mmol·L^-1 NaCl处理下达到最大,而过氧化物酶(POD)活性则持续下降。盐胁迫下,荆芥的根、茎、叶大量积累Na^+,但主要集中在地上部分,同时各部位K^+、Ca²⁺含量及K^+/Na^+、Ca²⁺/Na^+值均显著下降。综上,荆芥幼苗对盐胁迫极为敏感,但对低浓度的盐胁迫(25 mmol·L^-1 NaCl)具有一定的耐受性。本研究结果为荆芥的规范化栽培和抗逆驯化研究奠定了理论基础。     

盐胁迫对紫苏叶片光合特性及离子平衡的影响

以紫苏实生苗为材料,以正常供水为对照,研究不同盐胁迫程度对紫苏叶片光合特性及离子平衡的影响,以期为紫苏规范化栽培提供依据。结果表明,在盐胁迫下,紫苏叶片中丙二醛(MDA)含量、相对电导率均随着NaCl浓度的升高而增加,光合参数(Pn、Gs、Ci、Tr)则均随着盐胁迫程度的加强而下降;光合色素和抗氧化酶活性随着NaCl浓度的增加均呈现出先增加后下降的趋势,光合色素含量则在NaCl浓度为25 mmol L-1时达到最大值,抗氧化酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性则在Na Cl浓度为40 mmol L-1时达到最大值。紫苏叶片中Na+、K+、Ca2+含量在低盐浓度条件下变化缓慢,在高盐浓度下Na+含量显著增加而K+、Ca2+含量则显著下降。本试验结果说明紫苏能够忍耐一定程度的盐胁迫伤害,对盐有一定的适应性。     

镉对超富集植物圆锥南芥氮素代谢的影响研究

采用土培方法,研究了不同Cd添加(01、02、04、08、01、60和240 mg kg-1)对超富集植物圆锥南芥叶片中氮素含量以及氮代谢关键酶活性的影响。结果表明,随着Cd添加浓度的增加,圆锥南芥的生物量、叶片数、直径长以及Cd含量均呈增加趋势。Cd添加浓度为240 mg kg-1时,生物量增加了137%,叶片数增加了1.02倍,直径较对照增加了130%,叶片中Cd含量达到451 mg kg-1。NO3--N和NH4+-N呈先降低后升高的变化趋势,在Cd浓度为240 mg kg-1时,达最大值。在Cd处理浓度为102、04、08、0 mg kg-1时,NO3--N和NH4+-N含量间无显著性差异(p>0.05)。在Cd添加浓度为240 mg kg-1时,硝酸还原酶(NR)活性只相当于对照的67%,与对照间的差异显著。在Cd处理浓度为10~160 mg kg-1时,NR活性与对照间无显著性差异(p>0.05)。谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)、谷氨酸合酶(GOGAT)活性以及可溶性蛋白质含量在Cd处理浓度为10~240 mg kg-1时,与对照间无显著性差异(p>0.05)。谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)活性呈先升高后降低的变化趋势。游离脯氨酸含量在Cd浓度为102、0、408、01、602、40 mg kg-1时,分别为对照的0.67倍1、.29倍1、.54倍、2.38倍、2.54倍、1.14倍。     

营养液中添加氯化钠降低硫浓度对韭菜硝酸盐累积的减控效应

  【目的】  韭菜易于吸收和累积硝酸盐,研究营养液中添加氯化钠 (NaCl) 和降低硫含量减少韭菜硝酸盐累积的效果,并从氮代谢途径初步探讨其减少硝酸盐累积的机理。  【方法】  采用新型韭菜专用营养液架床栽培系统进行了韭菜水培试验。在营养液中添加NaCl 12 mmol/L的同时,硫浓度设定为3、2、1和0 mmol/L 4个水平,分别用NaCl+S₃, NaCl+S₂, NaCl+S₁ 和 NaCl+S₀表示。韭菜生长30天后,取样分析了不同硫水平下韭菜中的硝酸盐含量及主要氮代谢途径中的氨基酸含量。  【结果】  在营养液硫供应水平3 mmol/L下,与营养液中不添加氯化钠处理 (CK) 相比,NaCl+S₃处理的韭菜硝酸盐累积降低了32.60%,地上部干重、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量、根系活力显著增加;NaCl+S₁处理的韭菜硝酸盐累积降低了53.30%,地上部干重、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量、根系活力显著增加。NaCl+S₁处理较NaCl+S₃处理更有利于降低硝酸盐含量。韭菜地上部的全氮含量无显著变化 (NaCl+S₃处理) 或略有增加 (NaCl+S₁处理),表明添加低浓度氯化钠并未限制氮素吸收。NaCl+S₃和NaCl+S₁处理下,硝态氮还原活性 (硝酸还原酶NR) 和转氨活性 (谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶GOT、谷氨酸丙氨酸转氨酶GPT) 增加,尤其是初级同化活性 (谷氨酰胺合成酶GS) 分别大幅增加了43.57%和71.43%。NaCl+S₃和NaCl+S₁处理下,丝氨酸途径的游离氨基酸代谢和天冬氨酸途径的蛋白质合成得到增强,韭菜的游离氨基酸总量基本保持不变或略有增加,而蛋白质水解氨基酸总量显著增加。  【结论】  韭菜专用营养液中添加NaCl 12 mmol/L并将硫浓度降低到1 mmol/L,可显著提高根系和氮代谢关键酶活性,在一定程度上改变游离氨基酸代谢途径和蛋白质合成途径,进而在显著增加韭菜干物质的同时,大大降低硝酸盐累积。     

稀土元素钕对铜绿微囊藻生长和生理特性的影响

通过模拟培养试验,研究了不同Nd3＋初始浓度条件下铜绿微囊藻（Microcystis aeruginosa）的生长及生理变化。结果表明,相对BG11培养基（Nd3＋初始浓度为0 mg.L-1）,低初始Nd3＋浓度（0.01、0.05、0.1、0.5、1 mg.L-1）条件下,随着Nd3＋浓度的增加,藻细胞中叶绿素a含量、可溶性蛋白含量和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性均呈增加趋势,促进了铜绿微囊藻生长;在Nd3＋初始浓度为5 mg.L-1和10mg.L-1时,藻细胞丙二醛（MDA）含量急剧增加,CAT活性下降,藻细胞清除活性氧（ROS）能力下降,抗氧化防御体系被破坏,膜脂过氧化严重,严重抑制藻细胞生长,在初始Nd3＋浓度50 mg.L-1胁迫下,铜绿微囊藻无法生长。藻细胞超微结构表明,过量的Nd3＋破坏了藻细胞内的类囊体结构,胞内脂质体含量增加,细胞膜变粗糙甚至变形破碎,对藻细胞造成不可逆伤害。     

盐胁迫对马蔺生长及K+、Na+吸收与运输的影响

本文主要介绍马蔺在盐胁迫下的生长状况以及K 、Na 含量和分布情况。采用砂培试验对马蔺的耐盐性进行了研究。试验结果表明在NaCl胁迫下,随着胁迫浓度的增加,马蔺生物量、株高、干重、肉质化以及K 含量、K /Na 比值降低,同时根冠比、Na 含量增加;各盐处理区根系含水量和肉质化程度大于茎叶,但与盐浓度的相关性不大。在土壤盐浓度<20.0g/kg时,盐胁迫使马蔺根系K-Na的选择性吸收降低,但却增强了向茎叶中运输K 的能力。马蔺受NaCl胁迫时,生长受抑制与植物组织内Na 含量提高和K /Na 比值的降低有关。     

黄河三角洲贝壳堤岛二色补血草生长和保护酶特性对盐胁迫的响应

用不同浓度的NaCl溶液(0,50,100,200,300 mmol/L)模拟盐胁迫,研究盐胁迫对二色补血草幼苗生长特性及保护酶系统的影响.结果表明:(1)100和200 mmol/L盐胁迫下,根长和叶片数分别为对照的1.3,1.67倍,根(叶)鲜重、干重显著高于对照;根鲜重和叶干重在100 mmol/L盐胁迫下最高,分别为对照的1.35,1.6倍;300 mmol/L盐胁迫下,根长和叶片数均为对照的0.78倍,根(叶)鲜重、干重分别为对照的0.67(0.79)和0.85(0.69).地上、地下生物量受盐胁迫的抑制程度大小不明显.(2)随着盐胁迫的增加,二色补血草叶片中SOD,POD,CAT 3种保护酶活性均呈上升趋势,在盐浓度为300 mmol/L时活性最大,分别为对照的2.12,1.83,2.57倍;MDA含量在盐浓度300 mmol/L下,才显著高于对照,为对照的1.6倍.(3)从研究结果初步判定,二色补血草具有较强的耐盐性,可以在盐浓度300 mmol/L以下的环境中生长.     

不同浓度NaCl胁迫处理下豇豆幼苗抗氧化酶活性的变化

本研究主要探讨不同浓度NaCl胁迫处理下豇豆（Vigna unguiculata Linn.）幼苗叶片抗氧化酶活性的变化情况。研究结果表明,在0～250mmol/L NaCl胁迫下,随着盐浓度的增加,豇豆幼苗叶片可溶性蛋白质、脯氨酸和丙二醛含量逐渐增加,在150mmol/L浓度时,3者的含量都达到最大值;而超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性开始逐渐上升,它们的活性分别在100mmol/L、150mmol/L和150mmol/L时达到最大值,然后逐渐下降。同时,对NaCl胁迫下3种抗氧化酶基因的表达进行适时定量PCR分析,分析结果显示3种抗氧化酶基因的转录表达与酶活性的变化一致。说明在不同浓度的NaCl胁迫下,NaCl诱导了sod、pod和cat3种抗氧化酶基因的表达,3种抗氧化酶活性相应地提高,从而提高了豇豆应对NaCl胁迫的能力。本文结果将为今后豇豆在盐碱栽培生产提供一定的参考。     

丛枝菌根真菌对NaCl胁迫下番茄内源激素的影响

采用盆栽试验研究了不同浓度NaCl（03%、06%和10%）胁迫下,接种丛枝菌根真菌Glomus mosseae-2 对番茄内源激素的影响。结果表明：（1）盐胁迫下,植株生长受抑,生长促进物质IAA、GA3和Zeatin含量下降,生长抑制物质ABA含量增加,接种Glomus mosseae-2增加了植株干物质量和这些激素的含量;（2）菌根形成过程中,Glomus mosseae-2参与调节内源激素平衡, 降低了叶片ABA/IAA、ABA/GA3、ABA/Zeatin及ABA/ (IAA+GA3+Zeatin)的比值; （3）气孔导度（gs））和ABA/Zeatin值呈极显著负相关,同一盐浓度胁迫下,接菌株有较高gs和较低的ABA/Zeatin值。 ABA和Zeatin共同调节气孔对盐胁迫的响应,维持接菌株较高的气孔导度,增强了番茄的耐盐性。     

铝和镉胁迫对两个大麦品种矿质营养和根系分泌物的影响

A hydroponic experiment was carried out to study the effect of aluminum （Al） and cadmium （Cd） on Al and mineral nutrient contents in plants and Al-induced organic acid exudation in two barley varieties with different Al tolerance. Al- sensitive cv. Shang 70-119 had significantly higher Al content and accumulation in plants than Al-tolerant cv. Gebeina, especially in roots, when subjected to low pH （4.0） and Al treatments （100 μmol L^-1 Al and 100 μmol L^-1 Al ＋1.0 μmol L^-1 Cd）. Cd addition increased Al content in plants exposed to Al stress. Both low pH and Al treatments caused marked reduction in Ca and Mg contents in all plant parts, P and K contents in the shoots and leaves, Fe, Zn and Mo contents in the leaves, Zn and B contents in the shoots, and Mn contents both in the roots and leaves. Moreover, changes in nutrient concentrations were greater in the plants exposed to both Al and Cd than in those exposed only to Al treatment. A dramatic enhancement of malate, citrate, and succinate was found in the plants exposed to 100 μmol L^-1 Al relative to the control, and the Al-tolerant cultivar had a considerable higher exudation of these organic acids than the Al-sensitive one, indicating that Al-induced enhancement of these organic acids is very likely to be associated with Al tolerance.     

一株耐盐苯酚降解酵母菌的分离及降解特性研究

从化工厂污泥中分离到一株酵母菌 ,初步鉴定为德氏酵母属 (Debaryomycessp ) ,命名为Gb。该菌株可以在 0～ 2 0 %Na2 SO4环境中生长 ,并能以苯酚为唯一碳源和能源。其苯酚降解最适浓度为 1 0 0 0mgL-1 ,最适Na2 SO4浓度为 5 %,最适pH和温度分别为 5 5和 30℃ ,在 2 5 0ml三角瓶中最适装液量为 1 0 0ml。当Na2 SO4盐浓度为 5 %、苯酚浓度为 1 0 0 0mgL-1 时 ,最适条件下培养 3天即能降解 95 %的苯酚。本文还对其耐盐机理进行了初步研究 ,发现细胞内海藻糖含量随外界盐浓度增加而增加 ,表明Debaryomycessp 在高盐条件下能以海藻糖作为渗透调节物质。     

酸性土壤磷分级新方法建立与生物学评价

土壤磷分级方法可用于估算土壤有效磷数量、不同土壤磷组分库数量及其对土壤有效磷的补充能力。以云南赤红壤、黄红壤及湖北棕红壤为供试材料,运用张守敬方法、蒋柏藩方法及本文提出的新方法,对三种酸性土壤和其石灰改良后的土壤磷进行分级研究,探讨石灰改良对酸性土壤磷组分数量及其生物有效性的影响。结果表明:Ca2-P、Al-P和Fe-P是酸性土壤主要的有效磷源,O-P(闭蓄态磷)也是潜在有效磷源,土壤中活性有机磷库相对比较稳定,可转化为高活性有效磷源供植物吸收利用。与两种经典磷分级方法相比,新方法将O-P划分为O-Al-P和O-Fe-P,O-Fe-P较好地反映了石灰处理与对照之间的土壤磷植物有效性差异。     

动力学模型在土壤钾素释放特征描述中的运用及其与化学方法提取的钾素之间的相关性研究

Potassium (K) release characteristics in soil play a significant role in supplying available K. Information on K-release characteristics in soils of central Iran is limited. The objectives of this study were to determine K release characteristics and correlations of K release rate constants with K extracted by different chemical methods in surface soils of ten calcareous soils of central Iran. The kinetics of K release in the soils was determined by successive extraction with 0.01 mol L^-1 CaCl₂ in a period of 2--2 017 h at 25±1 ^oC. Soil K was extracted by distilled water, 0.5 mol L-1 MgNO₃, 0.002 mol L^-1 SrCl₂, 0.1 mol L^-1 BaCl₂, 0.01 mol L^-1 CaCl₂, 1 mol L^-1 NaCl, 1 mol L^-1 boiling HNO₃, 1 mol L^-1 NH₄OAC, Mehlich 1, 0.002 mol L^-1 SrCl₂ 0.05 mol L^-1 citric acid, and ammonium bicarbonate-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (AB-DTPA). A plot of cumulative amounts of K released showed a discontinuity in slope at 168 h. Thus, two equations were applied to two segments of the total reaction time (2--168 and 168--2017 h). Cumulative amounts of K released ranged from 55 to 299 mg kg^-1 in 2--168 h and from 44 to 119 mg kg^-1 in 168--2 017 h. Release kinetics of K in the two time segments conformed fairly well to parabolic diffusion, simplified Elovich, and power function models. There was a wide variation in the K release rate constants. Increasingly higher average concentrations of soil K were extracted by distilled water, Mehlich 1, SrCl₂, CaCl₂, SrCl₂ + citric acid, AB-DTPA, MgNO₃, NaCl, NH₄OAc, BaCl₂ and HNO₃. Potassium release rate constants were significantly correlated with K extracted. The results of this study showed that information obtained from mathematical modeling in two reaction time segments can help to estimate the K-supplying power of soils.     

ALLEVIATION OF CADMIUM-TOXICITY BY APPLICATION OF ZINC AND ASCORBIC ACID IN BARLEY

ABSTRACT

Effect of cadmium (Cd) on biomass accumulation and physiological activity and alleviation of Cd-toxicity by application of zinc (Zn) and ascorbic acid in barley was studied, using semisolid medium culture including 15 treatments [four Cd concentration treatments: 0.1, 1, 5, 50?µmol?L^?1, four treatments with addition of 300?µmol?L^?1 Zn or 250?mg?L^?1 ascorbic acid (ASA) based on these four Cd concentrations, respectively, and three controls: basic nutrient medium, and with Zn or ASA, respectively]. Cadmium addition to semisolid medium, at a concentration of 1, 5, and 50?µmol?L^?1, inhibited biomass accumulation and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content of barley plants, while the addition of 0.1?µmol?L^?1 Cd increased slightly dry mass. There was a tendency to a decrease in Zn, copper (Cu) concentrations both in shoots and roots and iron (Fe) in shoots of barley plants exposed to 1 to 50?µmol?L^?1 Cd. In addition, there were indications of a stress repose characterized by increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities relative to plants not subjected to Cd. The physiological changes caused by Cd toxicity could be alleviated to different extent by application of 300?µmol?L^?1 Zn or 250?mg?L^?1 ASA in Cd stressed plants. The most pronounced effects of adding Zn or ASA in Cd stressed medium were expressed in the decreased MDA and increased biomass accumulation, e.g., MDA contents were reduced (p≤0.01) by 4.8%–17.8% in shoots and 0.5%–19.7% in roots by adding 300?µmol?L^?1 Zn, in 50?µmol?L^?1 Cd stressed plants, and by 1.3%–7.4% in shoots and 2.6%–4.5% in roots by application of 250?µmol?L^?1 ASA, respectively. However, ASA addition may enhance Cd translation from root to shoot, accordingly, ASA would be unsuitable for the edible crops grown in Cd contaminated soils to alleviate phytotoxicity of Cd.     

四种常规方法提取伊利石有效钾的机制比较

采用化学分析、X射线衍射、中红外光声光谱以及原子力显微镜的方法,比较了0.2 mol L~(-1)四苯硼钠法、1 mol L~(-1)沸硝酸法、2 mol L~(-1)冷硝酸法和2 mol L~(-1)热盐酸法浸提伊利石中有效钾的机制。结果表明,四苯硼钠法浸提时,伊利石中钾素释放量达到全钾量的59.5%,且基本均通过层间交换反应予以释放,结构离子铁、铝和硅释放量极低;采用三种酸溶液浸提时,其钾素释放量仅占全钾量的1.53%~2.46%,通过层间交换反应释放的钾量占释放量的比例为88.4%~94.0%。四苯硼钠浸提时伊利石层间距扩大,产生次生过渡矿物,并形成富硅表层,但在伊利石表面无溶蚀特征;三种酸溶液浸提时伊利石结构无改变,但其结晶度降低,且表面有明显的溶蚀特征。因此,土壤矿物层间钾是作物可利用有效钾的主要来源,三种酸溶液浸提方法一方面低估了有效钾容量,另一方面提取了一部分不能为植物所利用的结构态钾,不适宜于用来评价伊利石及土壤有效钾库容量。     

基于三维荧光光谱的土壤溶解性有机质的提取

Soil dissolved organic matter(DOM) consists of many organic compounds and plays an important role in contaminant transport in the ecosystem. However, the effects of different extraction conditions on contents of different DOM components are poorly understood.We extracted DOM from three soils using different extraction times, solid to liquid ratios(SLR), and extraction solution(KCl)concentrations, and evaluated the extractions using three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix(EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy.The sum of the contents of the main DOM components(protein-, fulvic-, and humic-like compounds) increased by 0.6–3.5, 2.5–3.9,and 0.11–0.37 times(P 0.05) when SLR decreased from 1:2 to 1:10, the extraction solution concentration increased from 0.01 to 1.5 mol L~(-1), and extraction time increased from 10 to 300 min, respectively. The three-dimensional EEM fluorescence spectroscopy is a useful tool to characterize the components of DOM and evaluate DOM extraction in soils.     

FLOWER ABSCISSION IN PEPPER PLANTS GROWN UNDER DIFFERENT REGIMES OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION AND PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION

The effect of nitrogen fertilization on flower abscission in pepper was studied under different growth regimes. The pepper plants were irrigated with 4, 9, and 14 meq L^?1of nitrate (N4, N9, and N14). The plants were grown in winter under a low level (639 mol m^?2) of cumulative photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) (L_PAR), and in spring under a high level (1074 mol m^?2) of cumulative PAR (H_PAR). The number of flowers and flower abscission were higher under H_PAR than under L_PAR. Flower abscission was higher in response to treatment N4, than in response to treatments N9 and N14, while the flower number was significantly lower. Flower abscission was strongly correlated with growth-related parameters as well as with the carbon or nitrogen contents in plants. Neither the sucrose fluxes nor the amino acid fluxes through the flower pedicels were affected by nitrogen supply. The sucrose fluxes were strongly correlated with air temperature.     

钾对不同番茄线虫抗性品种生理指标的影响

采用水培试验, 研究了不同K 水平(0、4.0 mmol·L^-1、8.0 mmol·L^-1、16.0 mmol·L^-1)对易感线虫品种“早熟2 号”(HS)、抗线虫品种“06h-42”(HR)、普通品种“中杂102”(CK) 3 个番茄品种抗逆生理指标的影响。结果表明, 在0~8.0 mmol·L^-1 K 浓度范围内, 随着K 浓度的升高, 番茄体内的SOD、POD、CAT 活性及总酚和类黄酮含量显著增加, MDA 含量显著下降, 但过量的K(16.0 mmol·L^-1)则会降低HR 体内的SOD、POD、CAT 活性和类黄酮含量, 增加其MDA 含量。对于不同番茄品种而言, HR 的SOD、POD、CAT 活性及总酚和类黄酮含量显著高于CK 和HS, MDA 含量显著低于CK 和HS。通过交互作用显著性检验发现, K 有利于番茄体内保护性酶活性的提高, 在HR 中较CK 和HS 更为显著。     

不同连作年限马铃薯根系分泌物的成分鉴定及其生物效应

为探讨马铃薯连作障碍的可能机理,在大田条件下,收集连作1～5 a(CP1-CP5)马铃薯植株的根系分泌物,采用GC-MS对根系分泌物的主要成分进行了鉴定,并通过生物检测验证了根系分泌物的生物效应。结果表明:CP1-CP5鉴定出的物质主要有酸类、糖类、胺类、醇类、酯类和嘧啶类,但各类物质的数量和含量不同。CP1-CP5中均鉴定出棕榈酸,相对含量分别为0.55%、0.87%、1.24%、1.05%和0.95%,浓度分别为7.12 mg×L~(-1)、7.39 mg×L~(-1)、9.46 mg×L~(-1)、8.38 mg×L~(-1)和8.02 mg×L~(-1)。马铃薯根系分泌物显著抑制了马铃薯的生长,抑制作用随连作年限延长而增强。棕榈酸对马铃薯生长的抑制表现出明显的浓度效应,随浓度升高而增强。马铃薯根系分泌物明显促进了立枯丝核菌的生长,菌落直径和菌丝鲜质量表现为CP3最高,CP1最低,CP2、CP4和CP5之间没有显著差异。棕榈酸明显促进了立枯丝核菌的生长,随着棕榈酸浓度的增加,菌落直径和菌丝鲜质量先增加再减小, 10 mg×L~(-1)棕榈酸的菌落直径和菌丝鲜质量最大。由此说明,随马铃薯连作年限延长,根系分泌物的毒性越强;马铃薯根系分泌物对立枯丝核菌的促进作用加剧了马铃薯的连作障碍,棕榈酸是马铃薯根系分泌的化感自毒物质。