Stability Analysis of Rock Cave Ground under High-rise Buildings

This paper presents an all-side study on one successful engineering project, the Chongqing Zhourong Plaza, twenty floors high with two air raids caves just cross under it. The study includes geological investigation, rock mass parameters choice, elastic-plastic rock mass failure criteria, calculation with finite element method, results analyses, conclusions on stability analyses and construction suggestions.     

3D FEM Analysis of Subgrade Soil Movement and Deformation Caused by Extra Shallow Underground Pipe Jacking

Pavement structures will be damaged by subgrade soil movement around the pipes introduced by extra shallow underground pipe jacking. Soil layer deformation with shallow deposits on pipes during extra shallow underground pipe jacking is analyzed using 3D FEM. The effects on pavement deformation created by the friction between shield and soil, injection slurry, jacking forces and the vehicle loads are studied with a practical project. The analytical results show that the ground surface deformation is an uplift first followed by settling with the lower part of the cover moving faster than the upper layers. It is demonstrated by comparing computational results of FEM simulation and the observed data from the in situ test that these FEM models can be applied to real world engineering. Subgrade soil settling on extra shallow underground pipe jacking in a cross section will be stable when the shield has passed through a section with a length twice the diameter of the pipe. Horizontal surface subsidence along the lateral distribution is similar to a normal distribution curve, with the primary affected areas on both sides of the axis approximately 1.5 times the diameter of the pipe.     

The Beauty from the Sculpture Style of Buildings

Both the sculpture and architecture belong to plastic art. They involve three-dimensionality, space and object. Connecting the two arts, the sculpture style of buildings shows a special kind of beauty. In this paper, mainly four aspects of how to create the sculptural beauty of buildings are analyzed: repeating and changing gradually; contrasting and omitting; destructing and rebuilding; lighting sense and moving sense.     

Effect of Underground Water on Safety of Underground Structure

In order to study the damage characteristics and mechanism of underground water on underground structure, factors of structure deformation and cracks based on a case study had been investigated. Meanwhile, finite element method had been used to simulate the deformation and decrease of stiffness. And structure deformation mechanism had been investigated, together with cracks characteristics and the effect on the structure’s safety. It was found that the underground structure would be swollen up and floated as the float was larger than the structure’s weight. And the uptrend of boundary retaining wall was restrained by soil, which made vertical displacements in columns and concrete walls different and resulted in structure cracks and the decrease of structural stiffness. The general structural damage was depended on the plan size and controlled by the short side. And the damage was more serious in central than that in boundary.     

楼顶平台蔬菜水培系统设计及应用效果

在平顶楼房的顶部平台，利用循环水培技术进行蔬菜无土栽培，具有较高的经济效益和社会效益，在南方地区，每年可生产绿叶蔬菜12～16茬，平均每平方米可生产蔬菜52～66kg，每平方米面积创利58元。其栽培关键技术是利用防风墙、防护棚等设施，克服楼房顶部小气候条件变化激烈问题。     

Numerical Simulation Analysis on Fire Facilities in an Underground Garage

The article uses the large Eddy simulation of Fire Dynamics Simulator（FDS）and parallel computing methods to numerical simulation on fire facilities in an underground garage. The main research is the effects of exhaust system and automatic sprinkler system in fire scene. Results show that: exhaust system can discharge high temperature and toxic gases, reduce smoke concentration and improve visibility effectively. Automatic water spray equipment mainly reduces heat release rate, and make smoke flow near the ceiling, which control the fire temperature very well. Combined with mechanical smoke exhaust system, it can better control the development of fire and effectively put out the initial fire. This study provides reference for fire safety design and assessment, which is of great significance to reduce casualties and property losses caused by the fire of underground garage.     

Numerical Analysis on Stability of Rock in Sijiaotian Tunnel

The Sijiaotian Tunnel in Yunnan Dabao Highway lies in the narrow defile landscape,and the engineering geology condition is complex,with plenty of cienega.According to the actual situation of the Sijiaotian Tunnel Project in Yunnan Dabao Highway,the stability of the surrounding rock mass is studied by using a 3-D non-linear FEM.The Drucker-Prager criterion is chosen as the failure criterion of the rock.The relatively dangerous zone and the monitoring points in the tunnel are determined.The numerical results show that the Sijiaotian Tunnel is relatively stable.The conclusion has some significance for guiding the construction of similar projects.     

Damage Analysis on Coal and Rocks and the Method of the Checking Damage by the Deviator Stress

The characteristic of the original damage and the breaking of the coal and rocks under the loading has been discussed by a lot of microscopic structure analysis and by whole stress strain testing on the coal and rocks. The non homogeneity causes the stress locating in a small spot. It is the essential cause of the damage developing and causing the structure breaking of the coal rocks. The failure of brittle fracturing, rubbing later on and granulating should be a major pattern in the outburst of coal and gas. The method of the examining damage by the deviator stress, is proposed. It can be used to analyse the characteristic of the coal and rocks.     

Impact of High Night‐Time and High Daytime Temperature Stress on Winter Wheat

High temperature is a major environmental factor that limits wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity. Climate models predict greater increases in night‐time temperature than in daytime temperature. The objective of this research was to compare the effects of high daytime and high night‐time temperatures during anthesis on physiological (chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll concentration, leaf level photosynthesis, and membrane damage), biochemical (reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration and antioxidant capacity in leaves), growth and yield traits of wheat genotypes. Winter wheat genotypes (Ventnor and Karl 92) were grown at optimum temperatures (25/15 °C, maximum/minimum) until the onset of anthesis. Thereafter, plants were exposed to high night‐time (HN, 25/24 °C), high daytime (HD, 35/15 °C), high daytime and night‐time (HDN, 35/24 °C) or optimum temperatures for 7 days. Compared with optimum temperature, HN, HD and HDN increased ROS concentration and membrane damage and decreased antioxidant capacity, photochemical efficiency, leaf level photosynthesis, seed set, grain number and grain yield per spike. Impact of HN and HD was similar on all traits. Greater impact on seed set, grain number and grain yield per spike was observed at HDN compared with HN and HD. These results suggest that HN and HD during anthesis cause damage of a similar magnitude to winter wheat.     

Experimental Analysis of Vibration Behavior for Large-span Underground Structure

In this paper, a shaking table test for large-span underground structure is introduced. Based on the test, the frequency of inherent vibration, damping ratio and the dynamic response of the structure are studied. The response of the underground structure for vertical seismic excitation is studied as a key point. With the different imbedding depth, the influence of interaction of soil and structure on the earthquake-resistant capacity of the underground structure is discussed.     

Study on High Temperature Performance of Shield Tunnel Segment Concrete Containing Mineral Additive

Through many tests and standard analysis, the effects of solution concentration and temperature on rate of concrete sulfate attack were investigated. The test results show that when solution concentration and temperature are lower than certain value, the speed of attack is accelerated with increasing concentration and temperature, however, higher temperature and concentration of solution may decrease the rate of attack. The speed of attack of sodium sulfate is faster than the one of attack of magnesium sulfate under various factors. It is suitable to adopt the coefficient of tensile as the accelerated assessing criterion for the attack of sodium sulfate. The coefficient of tensile and compressive strength should be considered together for the attack of magnesium sulfate.     

Key Links and Solutions for the Relationshipsabout Reconstruction of Old Buildings

Following the rapid development of the revolutions in housing system,reconstruction of old buildings is rising.In order to make the reconstruction proceed smoothly,in this paper the author studies the secondary parts,reinforcing foundation,dismantlement of some parts of an old building,linkage of new and old frames,solutions for the four relationships,and others.     

On the Analysis of EMCS and Its Application in the Project of Shenzhen Underground

In this paper, the selection of type, function and technological requirements of EMCS for Shenzhen Underground has been introduced.Based on the investigation for EMCS's worldwide applications and the analysis of practice in Shenzhen Underground, the comparison and selection of PLC and DDC have been done completely.At the same time,the introduction of EMCS is organized by the center level, station level and the spot level.     

规模化楼房养猪模式工艺设计及优势探讨

随着非洲猪瘟进入常态化控制阶段,生猪养殖场征地越来越难,而设施农用地建筑高度不能超过两层,不利于生猪养殖企业扩大产能与转型升级。国家首次明确允许楼房养猪,用地面积更少、生物安全性更高,楼房养猪新模式逐渐进入大众视野。结合工程设计实践经验,以尊重猪的生物学特性为出发点,从建设选址、平面、建筑、栏舍等9个角度探讨了工程设计的关键参数。通过楼房养猪工艺设计探讨,结果表明,楼房养猪工艺更精细、更科学,集约化程度更高。楼房养猪具有节约集约用地、生物安全性好、环境质量好、管理效率高诸多优势。本文工艺设计参数为楼房猪场工程建设提供重要理论参考,为楼房养猪产业化发展奠定了理论基础。     

高温胁迫对国稻6号开花结实习性的影响

为研究杂交稻对开花结实期高温胁迫的生理生态适应性, 选用具代表性的主栽杂交稻组合国稻6号、两优培九等, 人工设计极值高温40℃, 自始穗后第15天每天6 h进行热害处理, 以自然气候条件为对照, 测评结实的热害指数, 并从中选择对开花结实期高温胁迫反应差异较大的国稻6号与协优46, 观察高温胁迫对其开花结实习性的影响。结果表明, 国稻6号具较高耐热性似与其“被动避热”适应性有关, 主要表现在开花结实习性的变化, 首先是花期缩短, 花期集中, “粒间顶端优势”有所减弱; 其次是花时分散, 开花峰期峰值下降, 虽未见花时提前, 但见日初花量增加与花时向后延长2 h。     

山东省小麦新品种(系)高产稳产性分析

采用高稳系数法(HSC)，结合变异系数和稳定性参数，对2001—2002年度山东省高肥小麦新品种(系)区域试验的l3个品种(系)，进行了高产稳产性综合评价。结果表明：烟475、烟农23是两个聚合了高产稳产基因型的优良小麦新品种，潍62036具有一定的高产潜力，但稳产性稍差。3种分析方法得出的结论基本一致，高稳系数法是一种简便而有效的评价作物高产稳产性的方法。     

Stability Analysis on Excavated High Slope of Mozong River Power Station in Wulong

The subject matter of this paper is to analyze the stability of excavated high slope. On the base of typical engineering case in Wulong, Chongqing, the geological conditions and potential failure pattern of the high slope are discussed. Then, the limit equilibrium method and the stereographic projection method are used to synthetically analyze the stability of excavated high slope. As a result, it indicates that the stability of the high slope in insufficient and some retaining structures ought to be adopted for the high slope as soon as possible.     

Several Problems About Analyses of Finite Element Method on Coalbed Gas Seepage Flow

Based on the govering equation of gas seepage flow,this paper an alyzes;the re-lationship of the underground pressure and permeability of coal seams,discusses the averagedly dis-crete metheds of small terms of time variable which is related to mining progress of coal seams,and set up the element property form ulation on the basis of the weak statement of Galerk in integral e-quation.