湖北乌羊和酉州乌羊血液生化指标比较分析

为从生化特性方面研究该品种的种质特征,文章比较了湖北乌羊与酉州乌羊等其他山羊12项血液生化指标。结果表明,湖北乌羊的血清谷草转氨酶(AST)、胆固醇(TC)、球蛋白(GLOB)和低密度胆固醇(LDL-C)极显著高于其他山羊(P<0.01);过氧化氢脱氢酶(LDH)、白球比(A/G)以及高密度胆固醇(HDL-C)极显著低于其他山羊(P<0.01)。这些差异在一定程度上可能与湖北乌羊比其他山羊具有较强的抗应激能力和抗病性有关,部分差异可能还与其独特的乌质性状有关。     

Serum lipid profile in Iranian fat-tailed sheep in late pregnancy, at parturition and during the post-parturition period

Blood samples were obtained from 12 Iranian fat-tailed sheep during 7 weeks pre-partum, at parturition and 7 weeks post-partum. The lipids measured were cholesterol, triglyceride, total lipid, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)-cholesterol. The concentrations of cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol during the 7 weeks pre-partum, at parturition and the 7 weeks post-partum were significantly different (P < 0.05). One week before parturition, the concentrations of cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol were higher (P < 0.05) than at other periods. The lowest concentrations of these parameters were observed 2-3 weeks after parturition. In this study, significant positive correlations were observed between the time of sampling (pre-partum, parturition and post-partum) and serum cholesterol (r = 0.22; P < 0.01) and HDL-cholesterol (r = 0.25; P < 0.01).     

Prosopis farcta beans increase HDL cholesterol and decrease LDL cholesterol in ostriches (Struthio camelus)

Ten blue-neck male ostriches (Struthio camelus) were fed Prosopis farcta beans throughout a 30-day experiment. Blood samples were collected from ostriches on days 0 and 30 to measure levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglyceride, total serum protein, albumin, globulin, cholesterol, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, the activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT). From days 0 to 30, HDL cholesterol, total protein, and globulins levels increased significantly whereas LDL cholesterol, inorganic phosphorus, and γ-GT activity decreased significantly.     

Serum lipid concentrations in dogs with tail chasing

O bjective : To characterise lipid profile in dogs with tail chasing.
M ethods : Fifteen dogs with tail chasing were included in this study. A behavioural diagnosis was made for each dog on the basis of the dog's behavioural history, clinical signs and results of other medical assessments. None of the dogs had concurrent medical disease that would account for compulsive tail chasing. Blood samples were taken from each dog after a fasting period of 12 to 16 hours to measure total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Fifteen control dogs were also enrolled on the basis of normal physical examination results, complete blood count and serum biochemistry profiles.
R esults : Dogs with tail chasing had significantly higher total cholesterol (P < 0·01), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P<0·05) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P<0·001) compared with control dogs. Very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels did not differ significantly between the groups.
C linical S ignificance : Tail chasing may be associated with serum cholesterol elevations in dogs. High serum cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels may be used as biochemical parameters of compulsive tail chasing in clinical settings.     

Relationships between serum serotonin and serum lipid levels, and aggression in horses

Levels of serum serotonin and serum lipids--triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein, were determined in normal horses and horses diagnosed with aggression on the basis of a questionnaire survey. Blood serotonin levels in aggressive horses were found to be significantly lower than in non-aggressive horses (P < 0.01), but no association was found with respect to blood lipids.     

Cholesterol values in free-ranging gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla and Gorilla beringei) and Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus).

Cholesterol concentrations in captive gorillas and orangutans vary widely within species and average approximately 244 mg/dl for gorillas and 169 mg/dl for orangutans as published previously. The International Species Inventory System reports higher concentrations of 275 and 199 mg/dl for gorillas and orangutans, respectively. It is unknown whether these values were typical, influenced by captive management, or both. To answer this question, banked serum samples from free-ranging mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei), western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla), and Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) were analyzed for total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. Mountain gorillas did not differ significantly from free-ranging western lowland gorillas in cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations, indicating mountain gorilla values could be a model for western lowland gorillas. Captive gorilla total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than in free-ranging groups. Triglyceride concentrations for captive gorillas were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the male mountain and western lowland gorillas, but they were not significantly different from the female mountain gorillas. Captive orangutan total cholesterol concentrations were only higher (P < 0.05) than the free-ranging female orangutans, whereas captive orangutan low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than both free-ranging male and female orangutans. Calculated and measured low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were compared for all free-ranging animals and were significantly different (P < 0.05) for all groups, indicating Friedewald's equation for calculating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is not appropriate for use with nonfasted apes. The higher total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in captive apes may predispose them to cardiovascular disease and might be attributed to diets, limited energy expenditure, and genetics.     

罗汉果总皂苷对高糖高脂饲料联合链脲佐菌素致2型糖尿病大鼠的作用

试验旨在研究罗汉果总皂苷改善高糖高脂饲料联合链脲佐菌素致2型糖尿病大鼠的作用,以高糖高脂饮食联合链脲佐菌素建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型,造模成功大鼠灌胃给予罗汉果总皂苷（100、200、400 mg/kg）或二甲双胍（268 mg/kg）,每天1次,连续给药4周后,记录"三多一少"指标（24 h内尿量、饮水量和采食量,体重）;检测生化指标,分析空腹血糖值（FBG）、血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、胰岛素（INS）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、尿素氮（BUN）和肌酐（Cr）水平,采用苏木素-伊红染色法（HE）观察胰腺的病理学改变。与模型组比较,罗汉果总皂苷各剂量组及二甲双胍组均可显著或极显著降低采食量、饮水量、尿量,血液指标FBG、INS、MDA、TC、TG、BUN和Cr水平、以及AST和ALT活性（P<0.05;P<0.01）,而CAT、SOD活性和HDL-C水平显著或极显著升高（P<0.05;P<0.01）;胰腺组织中,胰腺细胞数目明显增多,胰腺病理性损伤明显减轻。罗汉果总皂苷及二甲双胍均具有明显改善糖代谢紊乱的作用,同时可明显减轻胰岛素抵抗,增强机体抗氧化应激的能力和改善肝肾功能。     

Effects of Momordica grosvenori Saponins on Type 2 Diabetes Rats Induced by High-sucrose/High-fat Diet and Streptozotocin

The purpose of the experiment was to study the effect of Momordica grosvenori saponins on improving the effect of high-sucrose/high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetes in rats.The type 2 diabetes rat model was established with a high-sucrose and high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin.Successfully modeled rats were given the total saponins of Momordica grosvenori (100,200,400 mg/kg) or metformin (268 mg/kg) by gavage,once a day for 4 weeks.Recording the "three more and one less"index (24 h internal urine output,water intake and feed intake,body weight);Detecting of biochemical indicators,analysis of fasting blood glucose (FBG),serum total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),insulin (INS),catalase (CAT),superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA),alanine aminotransferase (AST),aspartate aminotransferase (ALT),blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) levels.Hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) was used to observe the pathological changes of the pancreas.Compared with the model group,the feed intake,water intake,urine output,blood indicators FBG,INS,MDA,TC,TG,BUN and Cr levels,AST and ALT activities were significantly or extremely significantly decreased in the total saponins of Momordica grosvenori each dose group and metformin group (P<0.05;P<0.01),while CAT,SOD activities and HDL-C level were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P<0.05;P<0.01).In pancreatic tissue,the number of pancreatic cells was increased significantly,and the pathological damage of the pancreas was significantly reduced. Momordica grosvenori saponins and metformin had obvious effects on improving glucose metabolism disorders,and at the same time could significantly reduce insulin resistance,enhance the body’s ability to resist oxidative stress and improve liver and kidney functions.     

The effect of feeding rations with different ratios of concentrate to alfalfa hay on blood hematological and biochemical parameters of farmed ostriches (Struthio camelus)

A two-month trial was conducted to investigate the effects of pelleting rations with 70:30, 65:35, and 60:40 concentrate to high-quality roughage (alfalfa hay) ratios on hematological and biochemical parameters of ostriches. A total of 18 seven-month-old male ostrich chicks, initially weighing an average of 60–70 kg, were distributed into three different outdoor paddocks at a stocking density of six birds per paddock. In the morning, blood collection was made from the wing vein after about 12 h of fasting. All rations resulted in no significant change in hematological parameters. However, with increasing alfalfa inclusion rate, the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio tended to be lower (P?=?0.089); whereas the values of hemoglobin, packed cell volume (PCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) tended to be higher (P values 0.069, 0.072 and 0.094, respectively). In terms of plasma biochemical parameters, increasing the ratio of concentrate to alfalfa hay in ostrich diets resulted in significant (P?<?0.05) depression in the values of glucose (up to 20.2 %), total cholesterol (up to 19.2 %), creatine kinase (up to 27.9 %), and aspartate aminotransferase (up to 29.9 %). Additionally, the 65:35 or 60:40 rations caused a decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (27.9 and 42 %, respectively; P?=?0.008) compared to the 70:40 ration. Without exception, no rations affected the values of leukocyte subsets, total protein, albumin, globulin, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transferase, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and very low density lipoprotein. Based on our results, the concentrate to alfalfa ratio of 60:40 could be suggested as optimum ratio for good health conditions of juvenile ostriches.     

Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins in Clinically Healthy Male Camels (Camelus dromedarius)

Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of 87 Iranian male dromedary camels of different age groups (<3, 3–5, 5–6 and 6–8 years). Variations in the serum concentrations of cholesterol, triglyceride, total lipid, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL-cholesterol), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-cholesterol) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-cholesterol) were investigated. The concentrations of cholesterol, triglyceride, total lipid, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol in the different age groups were significantly different (p<0.05). With an increase in the age of the animals, there were highly significant increases in the cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol concentrations, whereas the concentration of LDL-cholesterol decreased (p<0.001).     

饲养密度对秋季多层平养密闭鸭舍环境参数、生产性能与血清生化指标的影响

本研究旨在确定秋季多层平养密闭鸭舍适宜的肉鸭饲养密度。选取3栋条件相同的鸭舍,3个饲养密度设为12、13、14只/m2,0～14日龄为预试期,试验期为15～40日龄。在38日龄对3个鸭舍纵向不同位置的环境参数、肉鸭体重、血清生化指标进行监测分析,并评估40日龄生产效益。结果发现:随着饲养密度增加鸭舍内湿度和氨气浓度逐渐增加(P<0.01);鸭舍纵向从湿帘端到风机端的温度、CO2和NH3浓度均逐渐升高(P<0.05);随着饲养密度和纵向距湿帘距离增加,肉鸭38日龄体重均呈线性降低(P>0.05);饲养密度增加导致肉鸭血清甘油三酯、葡萄糖、总蛋白和尿酸升高(P<0.05);随着饲养密度增加,肉鸭个体出栏体重和毛利降低,饲养密度为13只/m2时总盈利最高。综上,秋季饲养密度能著影响多层平养密闭鸭舍的环境参数和肉鸭的生长发育,饲养密度为13只/m2时整栋鸭舍的总盈利最优。     

肉鸡胆固醇代谢调控研究

试验用4周龄艾维茵肉仔鸡128只随机分为四组,每组4个重复,分别在基础日粮中加入0,0.03%,0.06%,0.1%含胆固醇合成抑制剂洛伐沙丁(Lovastatin,LT)的添加剂饲喂三周.研究LT对肉鸡血浆、肌肉、肝脏中胆固醇和甘油三脂含量的影响.结果表明,试验组肉仔鸡血浆总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-Chol)的水平均显著低于对照组(P＜0.01),血浆总甘油三脂(TG)随添加量增加显著提高(P＜0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量下降(P＞0.05).试验组鸡肉中总胆固醇(TC)和总甘油三脂(TG)含量均显著低于对照组(P＜0.01),而肝脏中各指标差异不显著(P＞0.05).与对照组相比,试验组饲料利用率提高(P＞0.05),生长速度相似.屠宰率、腹脂率、胸肌率、腿肌率略高于对照组,差异不显著(P＞0.05).研究表明胆固醇合成抑制剂能够减少肉鸡肌肉、肝脏胆固醇的沉积,改善肉鸡生产性能.     

The production and survival of lambs persistently infected with border disease virus.

From 1985 to 1989 lambs persistently infected with border disease virus (BDV) were produced for comparative immunological studies by infecting 57 susceptible pregnant ewes between 50 and 60 days' gestation with Moredun or Oban strains of BDV. Ewes were infected either by injection with virus grown in cell culture or by housing with lambs excreting BDV. There was no significant difference in the outcomes of these different methods of infection. There was a significant difference in the number of viable lambs born to ewes receiving the two viruses. Of 41 ewes infected with Moredun virus 21 produced 32 live lambs of which 17 were reared to 1 month old (53% viability). Of 16 ewes receiving Oban virus 10 gave birth to 17 live lambs of which 15 were reared to 1 month old (88% viability). All the lambs born to ewes infected with Moredun BDV had varying signs of tremor and increased hairiness ("hairy-shakers") while those born to ewes infected with the Oban virus had no obvious clinical signs. Survival of the lambs was poor. Up until February 1991, 14 Moredun and 10 Oban sheep between the ages of 4 months and 5.5 yr had died from a variety of causes. The two commonest causes were a chronic wasting syndrome and a mucosal disease-like syndrome which was associated with the recovery of cytopathic BDV. Mating of unrelated persistently infected sheep was largely unproductive although 2 lambs were reared.     

Characterisation of lipid profiles in dogs with parvoviral enteritis

OBJECTIVE: To characterise the lipid profiles in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. METHODS: Blood was collected before treatment from 30 dogs that fulfilled the criteria for severe sepsis including hypo- or hyperthermia, hypotension, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia and evidences of organ dysfunction. Canine parvovirus was detected by haemagglutination and indirect fluorescence antibody tests in the faeces. Twenty control dogs were also enrolled on the basis of normal physical examination results, complete blood count and serum biochemistry profiles. RESULTS: Tachycardia, tachypnoea, hypotension, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia and increased serum markers of tissue injury (alanine aminotransferase, creatinine kinase myocardial isoenzyme [CK-MB], blood urea nitrogen and creatinine) were observed in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. Serum total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were lower, but serum triglyceride level was higher in dogs with parvoviral enteritis than those in control dogs (P<0.001). Circulating tumour necrosis factor alpha correlated negatively with total cholesterol (r=-0.979; P<0.001) but positively with triglyceride (r=0.953; P<0.001) in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. Serum total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were lower in non-survival (n=9) dogs than in survival dogs (n=21, P<0.001). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Serum total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased, but serum triglyceride level increased in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. Low serum total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels may be used as an index of the severity of parvoviral enteritis.     

扎龙自然保护区放飞训练亚成体丹顶鹤血液生化指标的分析

为探究放飞训练对亚成体丹顶鹤血液生化指标的影响并积累丹顶鹤野化训练的基础数据,应用全自动生化分析仪在2010年7月对扎龙国家自然保护区放飞训练的5只和对照组的5只亚成体丹顶鹤的24项血液生化指标(钙离子、钾离子、钠离子、氯离子、尿酸、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、总胆红素、直接胆红素、间接胆红素、碱性磷酸酶、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、肌酸激酶、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶、肌酐、总胆汁酸、尿素氮、血糖)进行了测定和分析。结果表明:多项血液生化指标比较稳定,钙离子等20项血液生化指标在放飞训练组和对照组丹顶鹤之间没有显著差异(P>0.05);而肌酸激酶、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶、肌酐和尿素氮几项指标在放飞训练组和对照组丹顶鹤之间差异显著(P<0.05),这几项血液生化指标的变化表明丹顶鹤在放飞训练中具有高度的生理适应性。     

我国不同家养雉鸡血液生化指标测定与比较分析

对我国5个家养雉鸡种群的4项血液活性酶（乳酸脱氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶）和8项血浆有机物（血糖、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、总蛋白、白蛋白、甘油三酯、胆固醇和血清补体）的含量进行测定和系统分析。结果表明：美国七彩雉鸡血糖、高密度脂蛋白、白蛋白和胆固醇含量最高,蒙古雉鸡乳酸脱氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、低密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯和血清补体含量最高,孔雀蓝雉鸡谷草转氨酶和总蛋白含量最高,日本绿雉谷丙转氨酶含量最高。研究结果为从生化挣陛方面研究雏鸡的种质特征提供了参考依据。     

Relationship between analytic values and canine obesity

The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between canine body condition and metabolic parameters like serum lipids, blood glucose and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations. We selected 127 dogs (42 males and 85 females) that were taken to our veterinary medicine service during routine visits. The mean age was 6.67 +/- 5.24 years. Body condition (BC) was measured by Laflamme scale and dogs were considered as obese when BC score was over 6. The following variables were collected: total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, basal glucose and ALT. 66.1% of the dog cohort were obese. Total cholesterol and triglycerides were found to be higher (p < 0.05) in obese dogs with respect to normal weight dogs. In conclusion, obesity in dogs is associated with higher serum lipid levels.     

Effects of seasonal and physiological variations on the serum chemistry, vitamins and thyroid hormone concentrations in sheep

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible effects of the reproductive status and seasonal variations on the serum chemistry and vitamin status and their relationships with the thyroid hormones in Sakiz-Awassi crossbreed sheep. The sheep (n = 34) were divided into two groups. The first group (n = 22) was mated; the second group (n = 12) was not mated. Their serum samples were collected four times a year at the each season and under reproductive status. The periods are 1, early pregnancy (October); 2, late pregnancy (January); 3, lactation (April); and 4, dry season (July). The results of this study indicated that (1) total protein (TP), globulin, cholesterol, creatinine, uric acid and T4/T3 vary with reproductive status but not seasonal variations; (2) alanine aminotransferase, T4, fT4 concentrations in serum vary only with reproductive status; (3) the urea, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, amylase, albumin, triglyceride, VLDL, Vit A-E, T3 and fT3 concentration could vary with both reproductive status and seasonal variations; (4) the glucose, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, folate concentrations were altered neither season of the year nor the reproductive status; (5) a single reference interval for folate, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), glucose, TP, globulin, cholesterol, creatinine, uric acid and T4/T3 can be used for both mated and non-mated sheep because of no differences were found due to the reproductive status. Taking the results together suggests that reproductive status and seasonal variations have to be taken into consideration for a correct interpretation of the serum chemistry values of sheep. Nutritional supplements are required for sheep during certain periods to avoid a decline of their performance, which would then represent consequent economic, loses.     

Serum lipid and lipoprotein changes in ponies with experimentally induced liver disease

Alterations in serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in ponies with experimentally induced liver disease were investigated. Hepatocellular damage was induced, using a nonlethal dose of carbon tetrachloride. In a separate group of ponies, obstructive jaundice was induced by surgical ligation of the common bile duct. Over a 6-day period, blood samples were obtained from ponies after treatment with carbon tetrachloride and for 12 days in ponies subjected to surgery. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were unaffected in both groups of ponies, except for significantly (P less than 0.01) high triglyceride concentration in ponies of the ligated group during the second postsurgical week. This increase was most likely attributable to anorexia observed during that period. Hyperbilirubinemia was observed early in ponies of the ligated group; most of the bilirubin was of the conjugated type. Using electrophoretic and ultracentrifugal methods, serum lipoprotein alterations were detected only in ponies of the ligated group. Increases of very low-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations and decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration were found. Although no changes were seen in total serum cholesterol concentration, a redistribution of lipoprotein cholesterol was observed in ponies of the ligated group. Similar alterations in lipoprotein distribution have been found in dogs, rats, and human beings with obstructive jaundice and cholestasis. The association between serum lecithin:cholesterol acyl transferase activities and these lipoprotein alterations remains to be elucidated.     

冷冻方法对杜泊绵羊冷冻精液品质的影响

试验对绵羊精液分别采用液氮熏蒸冷冻法和冷冻仪冷冻法进行冷冻,通过测定精液解冻后精子活率、顶体完整率、质膜完整率和谷草转氨酶活性及乳酸脱氢酶活性来比较不同的冷冻方法对解冻后精液品质的影响;通过测定精液稀释后、平衡后、冷冻仪法冷冻后的酶活性来比较谷草转氨酶与乳酸脱氢酶在不同阶段的释放量。结果表明,采用冷冻仪法冷冻后的精子活率和质膜完整率极显著高于液氮熏蒸冷冻法（P<0.01）;冷冻仪法冷冻后的谷草转氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性极显著低于液氮熏蒸冷冻法（P<0.01）;精液稀释后的谷草转氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性极显著低于精液冷冻后的活性（P<0.01）。表明采用冷冻仪冷冻法的绵羊精液品质好于液氮熏蒸冷冻法。精子中谷草转氨酶主要在平衡阶段释放,而乳酸脱氢酶主要在冷冻阶段释放。