高含量共轭亚油酸豆油在奶牛生产中的应用

选择80头中国荷斯坦奶牛，随机分为2个处理，每处理4个重复，每重复10头，以研究在日粮中添加0％和0．25％CLA对奶牛生产性能及饲养效益的影响．以验证自行研制的高含量CLA豆油在奶牛中的作用效果及在奶牛生产中应用的可行性。试验为期21天。结果表明：试验组奶牛全期平均产奶量、乳脂中CLA含量和毛利润等指标分别比对照组提高了4．97％、20．似和8．39％，而乳脂率降低2．67％。表明在奶牛精料中添加高含量CLA豆油是经济可行的。     

高含量共轭亚油酸豆油在肉鸡生产中的应用

本试验选择1800羽艾维茵(AA)肉鸡,随机分为2个处理,每处理3个重复,每重复300羽鸡,以研究在日粮中添加2.0%豆油和2.0%高含量共轭亚油酸豆油对AA肉鸡生产性能及饲养效益的影响,目的是验证自行研制的高含量CLA豆油在肉鸡中的作用效果及在肉鸡生产中应用的可行性,试验期为49d。结果表明:试验组日增重、育成率和毛利润等指标分别比对照组提高了10.1%、12.83%和36.36%,料肉比却降低了11.79%。表明在肉鸡饲料中添加高含量CLA豆油饲喂肉鸡,具有促进生长、增强抗病力、提高育成率和经济效益的积极作用。     

高含量共轭亚油酸豆油在奶牛生产中的应用

选择80头中国荷斯坦奶牛作为供试牛,随机分为2个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复10头奶牛,以研究在日粮中添加0%和0.25%CLA对奶牛生产性能及饲养效益的影响,验证自行研制的高含量CLA豆油在奶牛中的作用效果及在奶牛生产中应用的可行性,试验为期21天.结果表明：试验组奶牛全期平均产奶量、乳脂中CLA含量和毛利润等指标分别比对照组提高了4.97%、20.4%和8.39%,而乳脂率降低了2.67%.表明在奶牛精料中添加高含量CLA豆油是经济可行的.     

共轭亚油酸对蛋鸡生产性能及蛋黄腊肪酸含量的影响

本文旨在研究不同共轭亚油酸(CLA)添加水平对蛋鸡生产性能及蛋黄脂肪酸含量的影响.选用30周龄罗曼商品蛋鸡96只,随机分成4个处理组,每个处理组6个重复,每个重复4只鸡,分别饲喂添加0%、0.5%、1%和2%共轭亚油酸的基础日粮,试验期为印d.结果表明,添加共轭亚油酸对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋黄重量和蛋黄脂肪含量的影响不显著,但添加1.0%和2.0%共轭亚油酸,鸡的采食量和蛋清重显著降低(P<0.05);随着日粮共轭亚油酸添加水平的提高,蛋黄中胆固醇和单不饱和脂肪酸含量降低(P<0.05),蛋黄中饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸和共轭亚油酸含量显著提高(P<0.05).本试验条件下,2%共轭亚油酸添加组对于提高蛋黄的共轭亚油酸含量,降低蛋黄的胆固醇含量效果最佳.     

日粮中添加共轭亚油酸对蛋黄中脂肪酸的影响

本文就蛋鸡日粮中添加共轭亚酸油对蛋黄中共轭亚酸油沉积和其他脂肪酸组成的影响及其机理进行阐述。     

共轭亚油酸对蛋鸡蛋品质的研究进展

共轭亚油酸(CLA)是人和动物必需的营养成分之一。本文综述了CLA对鸡蛋蛋重、蛋清、蛋黄的影响,旨在通过介绍CLA对鸡蛋品质的影响,为CLA在蛋鸡生产中的应用及研究提供理论依据。     

添加植物油对瘤胃内共轭亚油酸前体物累积规律的影响

采用人工瘤胃法研究了豆油和棉籽油中亚油酸等多聚不饱和脂肪酸在瘤胃微生物作用下的氢化中间产物trans11油酸变化规律以及对瘤胃发酵的影响。结果表明添加豆油和棉籽油使trans11油酸得到累积,其中4%处理组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。处理组的总挥发酸浓度均高于对照组,棉籽油处理组与对照组差异达到显著(P<0.05)。处理组NH3N浓度均高于对照组,2%豆油、2%棉籽油和4%棉籽油处理组与对照组差异达到显著(P<0.05)。     

共轭亚油酸对动物脂肪沉积的影响

共轭亚油酸(CLA)是亚油酸的一组构象和位置异构体,因其多种生物学功能而日益引起多方关注,目前已发现CLA具有降低体脂沉积的作用,使之成为了国内外学者关注的焦点.本文就CLA对动物脂肪沉积的影响作一综述.     

共轭亚油酸在蛋鸡生产中的研究概况

近年来,一种特殊的多不饱和脂肪酸--共轭亚油酸(conjugated linoleic acid,CLA)在国际上引起了极大的关注。大量研究表明,该物质具有抗癌、抗动脉硬化、降低体脂、调节血糖、提高免疫力等诸多重要的生理学功能。本文主要综述了CLA在蛋鸡生产中的应用及最新研究概况。     

共轭亚油酸菌株及亚油酸异构酶的研究进展

共轭亚油酸是一种具有重要生物活性的物质,但其来源十分有限.微生物合成是其主要来源之一.研究发现,丙酸菌、乳杆菌、双歧杆菌等微生物能产生共轭亚油酸,其中植物乳杆菌和德氏乳杆菌产量最高.研究还发现,这些菌体细胞中都含有能将亚油酸转化成共轭亚油酸的亚油酸异构酶.文章仅就生物法合成共轭亚油酸的菌种、亚油酸异构酶分离纯化和酶学特...     

Biological activities of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and effects of CLA on animal products

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a collective term for a group of positional (c8, c10; c9, c11; c10, c12, and c11, c13) and geometric (cis,cis; cis,trans; trans,cis; and trans,trans) isomers of octadecadienoic acid (linoleic acid) with conjugated double bond system. Dietary CLA increased the ratio of saturated fatty acid (SFA) and decreased unsaturated fatty acid (USFA) in the egg yolk and CLA sources for fat improved the color stability possibly by inhibition of lipid oxidation and oxymyoglobin oxidation in beef patties. Also dietary CLA reduced purge loss in pork loin, it could be due not only to high intramuscular fat content but also to stability of cell membrane lipids assumed by the observed delay in lipid oxidation for CLA. Cholesterol content in egg yolk was significantly decreased by a supply of dietary CLA for 5 weeks feeding. Dietary CLA and storage of CLA eggs increased the firmness of hard-cooked egg yolk and the texture of yolks from hard-cooked CLA eggs was rubbery and elastic and yolk were more difficult to break using an Instron. The eggs produced by hens fed CLA were hard and were characterized by a reddish yolk when cooled to 4 °C for 10 weeks. Several studies have determined the antioxidant property of CLA. The oxidative reactions could influence CLA concentrations by either causing the formation of linoleic acid radicals, which in turn could be converted to CLA by hydrogen donors, or causing the oxidative destruction of the conjugated double-bond system of CLA.     

共轭亚油酸在猪营养中的研究进展

共轭亚油酸是一种功能性脂肪酸,具有抗癌、抗动脉硬化、抗糖尿病、抗氧化、降低脂肪沉积、促进骨生成、提高免疫力和缓和狼疮等功能.作者就共轭亚油酸在猪营养中的研究进展进行了综述,并试图探讨其作用机理.     

苜蓿青贮对牛奶中共轭亚油酸含量的影响

试验采取完全随机设计,在日粮中分别用0、27%和54%的苜蓿青贮代替玉米青贮,共3种处理日粮、对30头高产奶牛乳中共轭亚油酸的含量进行了研究。采用气相色谱法分析牛乳中的共轭亚油酸含量。试验结果表明,用苜蓿青贮替代玉米青贮能有效提高牛乳中共轭亚油酸的含量。     

日粮营养调控牛乳脂中共轭亚油酸CLA的含量

共轭亚油酸(conjugated linoleic acids CLA)是亚油酸的一组构象和位置异构体,是专一存在于反刍动物脂肪中的具抗癌活性的天然活性成分。日粮因素能影响并改变CLA的含量。本文主要阐述CLA的结构、生理作用以及影响牛乳脂肪中CLA含量的日粮因素。     

Effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid and fish oil supplementation on performance and egg quality in laying hens

1. Laying hen performance, yolk fat fatty acid concentrations and firmness of eggs were evaluated with respect to the inclusion in the diet of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and fish oil. 2. Nine diets were arranged factorially, with three levels of supplementation of CLA (1, 3 and 5 g/kg) and fish oil (0, 14 and 20 g/kg). 3. Type of diet did not affect egg production traits. 4. CLA addition increased yolk weight and yolk fat concentrations of CLA, saturated and total long-chain n-3 fatty acids, but decreased those of monounsaturated and total long-chain n-6 fatty acids. 5. Fish oil addition increased long-chain n-3 fatty acids yolk fat concentrations but decreased those of CLA, saturated and long-chain n-6 fatty acids. 6. Effects of CLA addition on yolk fat concentrations of C22:4 n-6 and C20:5 n-3 were greater when no fish oil was added to the diet. 7. CLA supplementation increased linearly yolk moisture and firmness and altered albumen and yolk pH.     

Effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid isomers on several functional properties of macrophages and heterophils in laying hens

1. Effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on various functional properties of macrophages and heterophils in the laying hen were determined. 2. Seventy two 28-week-old-ISA brown hens were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups and were fed diets containing 0 or 1% CLA for a total period of 18 weeks. Blood samples were collected from 6 hens per diet group every 3 weeks and macrophages and heterophils were isolated. The following variables were determined in resting and phorbol myristate acetate-activated (65 microM) macrophages and heterophils: total cell-associated urokinase plasminogen activator (u-PA), membrane-bound u-PA, free u-PA binding sites and superoxide production. 3. There were no significant differences between diet groups throughout the whole experimental period in total cell-associated u-PA, membrane-bound u-PA, free u-PA binding sites and superoxide production by resting macrophages and heterophils. 4. Activated heterophils and macrophages isolated from hens fed the CLA-supplemented diet had higher membrane-bound u-PA activity compared with the corresponding values for activated heterophils and macrophages obtained from hens fed the basal diet. These differences were significant for heterophils during weeks 6, 12, 15 and 18 and for macrophages during weeks 6, 9 and 12 of the experiment. 5. Macrophages and heterophils from hens fed the CLA diet had lower superoxide production compared with the corresponding cells from the control hens on weeks 12, 15 and 18 of the experiment. 6. Dietary CLA modulated certain aspects of the immune system in the laying hen. The increased quantity of u-PA on the membrane of macrophages and heterophils isolated from hens fed the CLA diet may facilitate the ability of these cells to reach the point of a potential inflammation (pro-inflammatory effect). 7. In contrast to the effect on the u-PA system, dietary CLA reduced superoxide production by activated macrophages and heterophils during the second half (last 9 weeks) of the experimental period suggesting that CLA may exert an anti-inflammatory effect in the laying hen.     

Effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid and high-oleic sunflower oil on performance and egg quality in laying hens

(1) Laying hen performance, yolk fatty acid (FA) concentrations, sensory quality and firmness of eggs were evaluated with respect to the inclusion in the diet of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSO). (2) Nine diets were arranged factorially, with three concentrations of CIA (0, 1 and 2 g/kg) and HOSO (10, 20 and 30 g/kg). (3) Type of diet did not affect egg production traits. (4) Dietary addition of CLA decreased yolk lipid content and yolk lipid concentrations of monounsaturated FA, C(20:4 n-6) and C(22:6 n-3), but increased those of CLA and saturated FA. (5) Dietary addition of HOSO increased monounsaturated FA concentrations in the yolk lipid but decreased those of CLA and saturated FA. (6) CLA supplementation increased yolk moisture and firmness and impaired the sensory quality of eggs. (7) An interaction between CLA and HOSO addition was found as effects of CLA addition on yolk lipid CLA concentrations and egg quality traits were smaller when the amount of HOSO in the diet increased. (8) Regression equations have been calculated in order to predict yolk CLA and C(18:1), concentration from dietary composition, and yolk firmness from yolk FA composition.     

Effects of fish oil and conjugated linoleic acids on carnitine homeostasis in laying hens

1. The effects of n?3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) on genes involved in carnitine homeostasis were compared in laying hens. Three groups of laying hens were fed on a control diet or a diet with either 3% of fish oil or CLA for 4 weeks.

2. Feed intake and egg production rate did not differ between the three groups. Diets with fish oil or CLA had only a weak effect on mRNA levels of PPARα target genes (ACO, CPT-I) in the liver and did not influence mRNA concentrations of the most important carnitine transporter OCTN2, enzymes of involved in carnitine synthesis (TMLD, TMABA-DH, BBD) or concentrations of carnitine in plasma, liver and total egg contents.

3. Hens fed the CLA diet had lower concentrations of free and total carnitine in egg yolk but higher concentrations of carnitine in albumen than control hens (P? 4. In conclusion, the study showed that feeding fish oil or CLA causes only a weak activation of PPARα in tissues of laying hens that probably explained the lack of effect on carnitine homeostasis. The results contrast with those in humans and mice that show a significant effect of synthetic PPARα agonists on carnitine homeostasis in humans and mice.