共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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农药微乳剂乳液稳定性研究 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
微乳剂乳液稳定性是微乳剂制剂主要质量技术指标之一。从有机溶剂、表面活性剂和有效成分质量分数等方面研究了对微乳剂乳液稳定性的影响;并用光散射法测定了微乳剂分散相流体力学半径及分布,从微观水平探讨微乳剂的乳液稳定性机理。结果表明:对于某些微乳剂乳液不稳定的有效成分,采用混合溶剂是达到乳液稳定的有效途径;在微乳液粒径范围内,乳液稳定性与流体力学粒径分布密切相关;为了达到乳液稳定,必须调节表面活性剂系统的亲水性和亲油性使其达到平衡;限定有效成分的质量分数也有助于乳液稳定。 相似文献
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农药微乳剂概念及其生产应用中存在问题辨析 总被引:18,自引:1,他引:18
对农药微乳剂的定义及其组成、性质和外观形态进行了论述,并对微乳剂目前存在的诸如药效、表面活性剂用量、添加极性溶剂以及微乳剂质量等一系列问题进行了详细的探讨,从药效、外观、配方组成及稳定性等方面全面比较了微乳剂和水乳剂的优缺点,认为微乳剂具有较好的市场发展前景。 相似文献
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为进一步探讨杀虫植物昆明山海棠根皮中分离出的雷公藤定碱和雷公藤次碱的杀虫作用机理,采用微量点滴法处理3龄粘虫前胸背板,观察发现试虫均在2 h左右表现出中毒麻醉,8 h后完全恢复,24 h后重新表现为中毒麻醉,48 h后部分死亡。进一步的触杀毒力测定结果表明,雷公藤定碱和雷公藤次碱对3龄粘虫幼虫的24 h麻醉中量分别为8.82 μg/头和 4.58 μg/头,对3龄小菜蛾幼虫的麻醉中量分别为4.71 μg/头和3.46 μg/头。离体和活体条件下测定了雷公藤定碱和雷公藤次碱对5龄粘虫幼虫头部Na+-K+-ATP酶活性的影响,结果表明,两种药剂对粘虫幼虫神经系统Na+-K+-ATP酶活性均有一定的抑制作用,且该抑制作用具有一定的浓度依赖性,推测Na+-K+-ATP酶可能是雷公藤定碱和雷公藤次碱的一个重要作用靶标。 相似文献
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Enzyme preparations from Drosophila melanogaster flies degraded [14C]malathion to α- and β-malathion monoacids and, hence, were considered to contain malathion carboxylesterase (ME) activity. Although ME- activity was stable during preincubation in the absence of malathion, it decreased dramatically during the course of the reaction, and could not be completely recovered by Sephadex G-25 chromatography. Furthermore, the protein fraction after chromatography still contained 14C, suggesting that the enzyme had become inhibited by a bound, 14C-labeled derivative. Extracts from a resistant (malathion-selected), an intermediate control, and the susceptible Canton S strains of D. melanogaster differed in the lability of ME activity during the reaction. This difference was partly attributed to the production of small amounts of malaoxon (2–8%) by the extracts from the more resistant strains. No consistent strain differences were found when the rate of malathion degradation was measured during the first minute of reaction, either with or without a microsomal oxidase inhibitor (metyrapone) present. These results, together with the cross-resistance of the malathion-selected strain to other insecticides and the lack of a synergistic effect of two carboxylesterase inhibitors (triphenyl phosphate and S,S,S-tributylphosphorotrithioate) suggested that malathion carboxylesterase does not contribute significantly to the observed differences in malathion resistance between strains. 相似文献
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鱼藤酮水基纳米悬浮剂的特性及对松材线虫的杀虫作用 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
为改善鱼藤酮制剂的分散性,提高其悬浮率、稳定性及生物活性,制备了鱼藤酮纳米悬浮剂。该剂型为水基剂型,环境扫描电子显微镜和高效液相色谱检测结果显示,在鱼藤酮的水基纳米悬浮剂中,鱼藤酮悬浮颗粒的平均粒径为127.1 nm±31.8 nm,鱼藤酮的包封率为81.7%±3.5%,该制剂悬浮率高达99.23%±0.49%,抗光照分解的稳定性增强,36 h紫外光照射后鱼藤酮纳米悬浮剂中残存的鱼藤酮浓度比鱼藤酮丙酮溶液提高68.9%。以LC50表示的24 h对松材线虫的毒力鱼藤酮纳米悬浮剂是鱼藤酮丙酮溶液的7.5倍。 相似文献
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建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)同时检测果蔬汁中9种农药残留的检测分析方法。样品经乙腈提取,固相分散净化,采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法进行测定。结果表明:9种农药在0.01 ~1mg/kg的范围内,质量浓度与相应的峰面积间呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均>0.99;9种农药在0. 01~1mg/kg添加水平下,平均添加回收率为70. 3%~105. 9%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.0%~11.5%(n=5);9种农药的定量限(LOQ)在0.01~0.05mg/kg之间。本方法快速、简便、净化效果好,且成本低,适用于9种农药在果蔬汁中的残留量检测。 相似文献