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《中国畜牧杂志》2019,(10)
本文旨在分析影响低胎龄(≤4胎)母猪淘汰的原因,比较月份(1—12月)、胎次(1~4胎)、生产状态(后备、妊娠、哺乳、空怀)等与生产母猪淘汰的关系,为猪场生产提供评估参数。应用SPSS软件分析5 671头淘汰母猪,探讨母猪淘汰与影响因素的关系,预测淘汰趋势。结果表明:胎次、生产状态、月份对低胎龄母猪淘汰类别影响极显著(P<0.01),低胎龄淘汰母猪整体胎龄均值为1.33,后备和1胎母猪淘汰占比达62.8%,3—6月淘汰比例为42.7%;妊娠和哺乳母猪淘汰比例分别为45%和26.6%,由于呼吸、消化和综合因素引起的淘汰达到78.3%。建议猪场对后备和1胎母猪呼吸、消化系统疾病引起淘汰做好预防和管理,重点关注1胎哺乳母猪生殖系统疾病的预防和治疗。 相似文献
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《养猪》2018,(6)
以某规模化猪场2017年生产数据为例,分析了母猪淘汰原因。生产母猪年淘汰率为39.73%(708/1 782),其中非正常淘汰占80.08%(567/708),明显高于正常淘汰率19.92%,非正常淘汰为生产母猪群淘汰的主要因素。进一步分析导致母猪非正常淘汰的原因发现,繁殖障碍性疾病和肢蹄疾病分别占57.8%(328/567)、11.46%(65/567),为主要原因。在繁殖障碍性疾病之中又以久不发情(19.05%,108/567)、屡配不孕(13.23%,75/567)两大因素为主。不同季节之间母猪淘汰率以秋季31.50%(223/708)最高。母猪平均淘汰胎次为3.8胎,2胎母猪淘汰率最高为31.50%(223/708),1胎次之为12.60%(89/708)。 相似文献
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《养猪》2017,(4)
选择能哺育更大窝产仔数的超高产母猪以提高产仔数,但是综合考虑这些现代母猪产奶量、采食量和体动员相互之间联系的研究还很有限。试验旨在研究什么样的母猪产奶量高、窝产仔数多,不同胎次有何影响,以及哺乳期生产性能对下一胎繁殖性能有何影响。选择565头1~4胎母猪,试验期从产前7 d至断奶。产后第2天每窝仔猪统一调整为14头。产前7 d、产后第2天和断奶时测定母猪体重和背膘厚度。产后第2天和断奶时称取仔猪窝重。计算变量之间的皮尔森相关系数,建立回归模型。母猪的平均日采食量(6.1±1.1)kg,仔猪每天窝增重(2.92±0.53)kg,每头母猪的平均断奶仔猪数(13.0±1.1)头。总的来讲,与2~4胎母猪相比,1胎母猪平均日采食量和产奶量更低,下一胎总产仔数也下降,这可能是因为初产母猪相比经产母猪会动用更多体储。仔猪每窝平均日增重与母猪的采食量、窝产仔数和体重损失呈正相关。1~4胎母猪整个哺乳期日采食量每提高1 kg,仔猪窝日增重提高220~440 g,母猪哺乳期体重下降6.6~13.9 kg。但是每天平均产奶量提高1 kg,第4胎母猪哺乳期体重损失减少4.3~21.0 kg。下一胎总产仔数与上一胎产仔数呈正相关。总之,高采食量和高体动员是高产奶量的先决条件。母猪可能已经非常接近他们身体饲料摄取的生理极限,因此,未来的研究应着眼于优化哺乳期超高产母猪的饲粮能量和营养浓度以及初产母猪和经产母猪之间的区别。 相似文献
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WANG Ji-ying WU Ying ZHANG Da-long WANG Huai-zhong GUO Jian-feng HU Hong-mei ZHANG Yin 《家畜生态》2008,(2)
利用最小二乘法对温带气候条件下874窝杜洛克和659窝大约克母猪的繁殖性状数据进行统计分析。结果表明:胎次、季节对杜洛克和大约克母猪的断奶再发情间隔、产仔数、21日龄窝重等繁殖性状影响显著(P<0.05);哺乳期对杜洛克和大约克母猪的断奶再发情间隔影响显著(P<0.05)。母猪1~7胎繁殖性状呈现先升高后降低的趋势,随着哺乳期的延长母猪断奶再发情间隔先减少后增加,夏季高温高湿对母猪产生热应激,影响其生长性能的发挥。在生产中,加强对初产和六胎以上的母猪饲养管理,及时淘汰老龄母猪,在夏季做好母猪的防暑降温等工作,推荐采用21~28d断奶。 相似文献
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温带气候条件下胎次、季节和哺乳期对母猪繁殖性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用最小二乘法对温带气候条件下874窝杜洛克和659窝大约克母猪的繁殖性状数据进行统计分析.结果表明:胎次、季节对杜洛克和大约克母猪的断奶再发情间隔、产仔数、21日龄窝重等繁殖,l生状影响显著(P<0.05);哺乳期对杜洛克和大约克母猪的断奶再发情间隔影响显著(P<0.05).母猪1~7胎繁殖性状呈现先升高后降低的趋势,随着哺乳期的延长母猪断奶再发情间隔先减少后增加,夏季高温高湿对母猪产生热应激,影响其生长性能的发挥.在生产中,加强对初产和六胎以上的母猪饲养管理,及时淘汰老龄母猪,在夏季做好母猪的防暑降温等工作,推荐采用21~28d断奶. 相似文献
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苏太猪不同胎次繁殖性能的比较分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本试验对苏太母猪核心群不同胎次的繁殖性能进行比较,并对后备猪的初生重、35日龄断奶重、4月龄重和6月龄重等早期生产性能与后期繁殖性能之间的关系进行分析,旨在进一步了解苏太猪的繁殖性能,为苏太后备母猪的选种提供指导。结果表明,第1胎产仔数最少,成活率最低,第4胎成活率最高,至第3胎达较高水平并一直稳定保持至第6胎,第3胎的繁殖性能可以作为淘汰母猪的重要依据。后备猪35日龄断奶重与4月龄重、6月龄重都呈极显著正相关,4月龄重和6月龄重间也具有极显著正相关关系,苏太后备母猪早期生产性能与后期繁殖性能没有显著相关,选择35日龄断奶重小的母猪留种更加经济。 相似文献
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对江苏省某国家生猪核心育种场丹系大白母猪各胎次的产仔数、产活仔数、断奶仔猪数及初生窝重、断奶窝重等繁殖性状进行了比较和相关性分析,旨在进一步了解丹系大白猪的繁殖性能,为后备母猪的选种选育提供参考。结果表明,丹系大白母猪第1、2胎产仔数较少,至第3胎达到最高为10.39头,后趋于稳定。不同胎次对产活仔数与断奶仔猪数的影响与产仔数的变化趋势基本一致。不同胎次的仔猪初生窝重基本持平,并以第3胎最高为14.81 kg。各胎次断奶窝重基本稳定。相关性分析表明,丹系大白母猪第3胎与第4胎产仔数、产活仔数、初生窝重呈显著正相关,第2胎与第5胎的产仔数、产活仔数、初生窝重间均呈显著负相关。第4胎与第5胎断奶仔猪数有显著负相关。第4胎和第5胎的断奶窝重有显著正相关。第3胎繁殖性能相对稳定,可以反映母猪繁殖性能,因此丹系大白母猪第3胎次的繁殖性能可作为选育后备母猪的重要依据。 相似文献
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朱纯刚 《畜牧兽医科技信息》2009,(9):69-69
生产中很多原因引起母猪异常淘汰,主要包括:繁殖机能障碍、遗传缺陷、产科病、营养性疾病等因素. 1 后备母猪不发情有些后备母猪已达到配种日龄和体重,但没有表现出性周期.其原因主要有三个方而:后备母猪生殖器官先大发育不良或畸彤;脑垂体前叶分泌的促卵胞素和促黄体素较少,使卵胞不能正常发育和成熟,导致母猪乏情.此类母猪可以用公猪试情的方式,促进其发情排卵,也可用激素诱导发情. 相似文献
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In this study, we determined culling and mortality in adult breeding rabbits on 130 commercial farms in Spain during 2000-2005. The median size of the farms was 595 does (minimum to maximum: 131-5500 does). The median culling age per doe was 14.9 months old and 6 kindlings. The median monthly removal risk (MMR) in does was 9.3%, with 3.4% dead and 5.7% culled (including euthanized does). The MMR was negatively correlated with the degree of intensification of the reproductive rhythm (r=-0.37), age at first mating (r=-0.31) and kindling interval (r=-0.36). The MMR in males was 5.8% (1.2% dead and 4.2% culled or euthanized). Our estimation of the causes of culling does was based on a population of 82,352 does, 50,834 of which were culled or euthanized. The highest causes, calculated using the median of the monthly cumulative incidence (MCI), were 1.3% low productivity (0.9% infertility and 0.4% other causes), 0.5% mastitis, 0.5% poor body condition and 0.3% sore hocks. The causes of culling males were estimated based a population of 6514 males, 5313 of which were culled. The highest causes were 2.0% MCI low productivity (0.9% infertility and 0.5% no libido); 0.3% abscesses, 0.3% sore hocks and 0.2% poor body condition. The mortality and culling risks after first kindling were 8.7% and 7%, respectively. The highest risks of mortality and culling in does occurred during the first three kindlings, but remained stable thereafter. The gestation stage affected mortality; the risk of mortality per day increased as pregnancy progressed. There was a bimodal distribution with a peak of dead females between days 10 and 15 of gestation (0.1-0.2% mortality risk per day (MD)) and another larger peak between days 25 and 33 (0.3% MD). In 1046 on-farm necropsies performed on females we found alterations of the respiratory and digestive tracts compatible with being causes of death in 29.4% and 27%, respectively. 相似文献
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This study describes the distribution of herd culling rates for 123 Ontario cow-calf herds maintaining individual animal records. Associations between culling and factors at both the individual and herd level were examined. In addition, the relative importance of individual animal and herd level influences on culling were investigated. The following individual cow culling risk factors: nonpregnancy, age, weaning weight index, calf outcome, abortion, prolapsed vagina, prolapsed uterus, calving injury, lameness and mastitis or udder problems were significantly associated with culling (p less than 0.01). Two herd level factors were associated with increased culling rates: a higher than average proportion of heifers and a shorter than average calving season (p less than 0.01). The proportion of culling variation attributed to individual animal and herd level influences varied with model type. While simple models (one-way ANOVA) indicated that the herd variance component for culling was relatively minor, more complex models indicated larger herd-to-herd variability (mixed model ANOVA). Thus, it appeared that the probability of culling for a cow with a given set of risk factors depended to an important extent on manager decisions in the herd of origin. 相似文献
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