沥青治疗马骡蹄叉腐烂

蹄叉腐烂是马骡蹄叉腐烂和崩坏的常见病,又叫腐蹄病。多为一蹄发病,有时两三蹄甚至四蹄同时发病,多发生于后蹄。笔者共治疗4例,其中清油和沥青结合治疗3例,只用沥青治疗1例,均治愈。介绍如下:     

水杨酸高锰酸钾粉配合菜籽油治疗赛马蹄叉腐烂

蹄叉腐烂是蹄叉角质腐败分解的同时伴有蹄叉真皮的慢性化脓性炎症,是马骡常发的一种蹄病。初期多从蹄叉侧沟或中沟开始,逐渐可蔓延至全蹄叉。后蹄多发,有时四蹄同时发生。本人在深圳赛马会工作期间,应用水杨酸高锰酸钾粉配合菜籽油治疗赛马蹄叉腐烂11例,获得了较好的疗效。     

烟末油治疗马骡顽固性蹄叉腐烂

蹄叉腐烂是马属动物常见蹄病之一。本病主要是因蹄底部受损伤后，病菌侵入或者由于蹄底长期踩于潮湿泥土中，造成蹄叉腐烂坏死、角质脱落并流出黑色恶臭分泌物，出现高度肢跛(敢抬不敢踏)，患肢不能负重。如治疗不及时或治疗不当，就会形成顽固性蹄叉腐烂，一般很难治愈。笔者多年来应用烟末油治疗马属动物顽固性蹄叉腐烂68例，收效明显，现予以介绍。     

铁棒锤粉治疗马属动物蹄叉腐烂病

蹄叉腐烂病又称“漏蹄”,是马属动物 (多数是驴 )由于蹄叉角质不良而发生的一种常见病 ,一般在多雨的秋夏和多雪的冬季 ,因圈舍潮湿、卫生不良而发生。其主要症状是跛行 ,影响使役 ,给农牧民带来很大不便。笔者多年来应用铁棒锤粉治疗马属动物蹄叉腐烂病 2 1例 ,治愈率达 90 %以上 ,效果良好。1　药品的配制将铁棒锤的干燥块根 ,削去表面的粗皮 ,碾成细末 ,制成粉剂装瓶备用。2　用法除去病蹄患部腐败和坏死的角质 ,用 0 .1 %高锰酸钾溶液反复冲洗 ,直至角质层洗干净 ,待晾干后 ,把预先制好的铁棒锤粉敷于患部 (药粉不能高于蹄底 ) ,点燃蜡…     

奶牛创伤性蹄炎的治疗

随着奶牛业的发展,奶牛蹄病已成为严重危害奶牛业发展的三大疾病之一。其中创伤性蹄炎又是奶牛蹄病的主要组成部分,它一般包括腐蹄病,蹄叉腐烂,蹄底钉伤,蹄部捻挫等开放性或非开放性的蹄部炎症。笔者通过多年的临床实践,摸索出一套简单易行,高效实用的治疗办法,几年来,笔者共治疗各类奶牛创伤性蹄炎387例,治愈379例,治愈率97．9％,现报告如下。     

奶牛创伤性蹄炎的治疗

随着奶牛业的发展,奶牛蹄病已成为严重危害奶牛业发展的三大疾病之一。其中创伤性蹄炎又是奶牛蹄病的主要组成部分,它一般包括腐蹄病,蹄叉腐烂,蹄底钉伤,蹄部捻挫等开放性或非开放性的蹄部炎症。笔者通过多年的临床实践,摸索出一套简单易行,高效实用的治疗办法,几年来,笔者共治疗各类奶牛创伤性蹄炎387例,治愈379例,治愈率97．9％,现报告如下。     

儿茶、冰片、高锰酸钾治疗外伤感染

外伤感染是兽医临床最常见的外科病之一,各种动物均易发生。根据病情外伤感染可分两种,一种是损伤面积大,创腔浅,表层组织损伤严重;另一种是创腔深,深部组织化脓严重。30年来,我们对两种不同的外伤感染采取了不同的治疗方法,均收到了较好的治疗效果,治疗方法介绍如下：     

奶牛腐蹄病的防治

本文对奶牛腐蹄病的病因,临床症状,诊断方法和治疗方法做了阐述.     

羊腐蹄病的诊治体会

羊腐蹄病主要是导致蹄部发生化脓、溃疡,出现跛行,呈现出发病率较高,感染性很快的特点。本文主要以一起羊腐蹄病的诊断与治疗为重点进行报告,较为详细地介绍了综合防治措施,旨在引导广大养殖者借鉴参考,做好该病的防治工作,减少养殖经济损失。     

奶牛腐蹄病的防治研究进展

通过对奶牛腐蹄病的病因、治疗及预防等方面研究进展的阐述,从日粮营养、运动场结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面,提出实用而有效的防治措施。     

“牛栏蹄坏尾病”病原的研究

通过病区霉稻草真菌分离培养鉴定、家兔发病试验、水牛复归发病试验以及停喂霉稻草的防制效果,确认安徽省金寨县牛发生的“烂蹄坏是病”是霉稻草中毒,其致病性真菌主要是弯角镰刀菌(Fusarium Camptoceras)。     

奶牛腐蹄病的病因及防制措施

通过对奶牛腐蹄病的病因、治疗、预防及控制等方面的综述,从日粮营养、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种等诸多方面探讨,提出了实用有效的防制措施。     

Effect of Copper Sources and Levels on Hydrogen Peroxide Generation by Mitochondria from Broiler Liver

<正>The present experiment was performed with the objective of examining the effects of copper sources and levels on hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2) generation by mitochondria from broiler hepatocytes. Treatments were applied to compare sources of copper(CuSO_4 versus Cu-Met) and 4 levels of dietary Cu (11,110,220 and 330 mg/kg).Day-old broilers(Cobb 500,Gallus domesticus,n=288) were randomly divided into 8 groups of 36 each and fed diets as follows:Controls(Cu 11 mg/kg) and high copper(Cu 110, 220,and 330 mg/kg),for 60 days under normal conditions.Sample collections were made at 12,36 and 60 days of age to investigate the changes in H_2O_2 generation by mitochondria from hepatocytes.Compared with those of the control diets,H_2O_2 generation by mitochondria in the high copper groups(110 to 330 mg/kg) of the two copper sources were increased(P0.05 or P0.01);At days 36 and 60,H_2O_2 generation by hepatic mitochondria from Cu-Met supplementation exceeded that from birds supplemented with CuSO_4 (P0.05 or P0.01).In addition,H_2O_2 generation by mitochondria from broilers fed with high dietary copper appeared to be associated with altered function of mitochondrial complexⅣ.The results indicated that dietary supplementation with copper induced oxidative stress damage in liver.At each level of copper supplementation,the organic Cu-Met led to more rapid H_2O_2 generation than did inorganic CuSO_4.The results also suggest that mitochondrial complexⅣmay be targeted under conditions of high dietary copper supplementation.     

Comparison of Tank Treatments with Copper Sulfate and Potassium Permanganate for Sunshine Bass with Ichthyobodosis

Abstract

The biflagellated, single-celled parasite Ichthyobodo necator can cause significant losses among fish populations, particularly those cultured in tanks. Treatments of KMnO₄ and CuSO₄ were evaluated against a naturally occurring I. necator infestation on sunshine bass (female white bass Morone chrysops × male striped bass M. saxatilis) raised in tanks. Four-hour static treatments with 3 mg of KMnO₄/L of water (2.5 mg/L above the determined KMnO₄ demand) or 2 mg of CuSO₄/L of water (total alkalinity = 207 mg/L; total hardness = 95 mg/L) were randomly applied to 4 tanks/treatment (23 fish/tank); the same treatments were reapplied 2 d later. Four tanks were used as positive controls. By 2 d posttreatment (after the second treatment), only 17.4% of the untreated control fish survived, and a sample of the remaining fish was heavily infested with I. necator. All remaining control fish were dead by 5 d posttreatment. The KMnO₄ treatment significantly curtailed the initial mortality (survival = 92.4%) and slightly reduced the high parasite loads at 2 d posttreatment. However, fish mortalities increased dramatically over the next 3 d (survival at 5 d posttreatment = 37.5%), and parasite loads from sampled fish remained high. The CuSO₄ treatment was effective in significantly lowering the parasite load (almost eliminating I. necator) and maintaining a high fish survival (87.5%) by 5 d posttreatment. The findings in this study clearly demonstrate that CuSO₄ is a viable treatment for ichthyobodosis in tanks.     

奶牛腐蹄病的分析与防治

对蚌埠蚂蚁山奶牛场奶牛腐蹄病发病情况进行了分析研究。结果表明,产奶牛1～≥6胎次腐蹄病的奶牛发病率分别为26．09％、27．64％、60．56％、68．09％、73．08％和81．25％,病蹄发病率分别是7．61％、8．13％、18．31％、23．40％、23．08％和23．44％,且3胎以上牛发病率明显大于1、2胎牛。就发病程度而言,1～5胎次间随着胎次的增加“中~ 、重”程度发病所占比例有逐渐加大的趋势,而“轻”程度发病呈现逐渐降低的变化;而6胎以上牛发病程度的变化与前者相反。     

过氧化氢诱导的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞氧化损伤模型的建立

本试验旨在利用过氧化氢(hydrogen peroxide,H2O2)作为刺激源,以细胞存活率及抗氧化指标为判断指标,建立奶牛乳腺上皮细胞(bovine mammary epithelial cells,BMEC)的氧化损伤模型。试验一采用单因子完全随机试验设计,将第3代贴壁生长的BMEC随机分为42组,每组10个重复。细胞培养液中分别添加0、100、200、400、600、800和1 000μmol/L H2O2,使之分别作用2、4、6、8、12、24 h,测定细胞数量,计算存活率。试验二是在试验一得出的适宜H2O2作用时间(本试验的结果为6 h)的基础上,采用单因子完全随机试验设计,将第3代贴壁生长的BMEC随机分为7组,每组6个重复,BMEC中添加不同浓度的H2O2(0、100、200、400、600、800和1 000μmol/L)作用细胞6 h,收集细胞和培养液测定抗氧化指标,筛选使细胞发生氧化损伤的适宜H2O2作用浓度。试验一结果表明,600μmol/L H2O2作用细胞6 h,BMEC的存活率降低至79.79%。试验二结果表明,600~1 000μmol/L组与其他各组相比均显著降低了谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性,提高了丙二醛含量(P<0.05),但600、800和1 000μmol/L组之间差异不显著(P>0.10)。结果 提示,H2O2作用浓度为600μmol/L、作用时间为6 h,使BMEC产生了明显的氧化应激,可作为建立细胞氧化损伤模型时的适宜条件。     

The Effect of Brucella abortus on Hydrogen Peroxide and Nitric Oxide Production by Bovine Polymorphonuclear Cells

The effect of Brucella on the generation of microbicidal reactive oxygen and nitrogen metabolites by bovine peripheral polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) was investigated. The PMNs were recovered from the peripheral blood of control calves and experimental calves previously vaccinated against brucellosis. Significantly larger quantities of NO and H₂O₂ were generated by PMNs from control and experimental calves following activation by heat-killed whole cells or outer membrane protein of Brucella abortus than by non-activated cells (p<0.05–0.01). In contrast, generation of H₂O₂ and NO decreased when PMNs were exposed to the lipopolysaccharide of Brucella. However, the generation of H₂O₂ and NO by activated PMNs from the control and experimental calves did not differ significantly.