Experiments on influence of slurry kinds on mechanicalbehavior of interface between gravel and concrete

The mechanical behavior and mechanism of the interface between structure and coarse grained soil are investigated through simple shear tests on the conditions of bentonite slurry, clay slurry and without slurry, respectively. The results indicate that different kinds of slurry have important influence on shear strength. Compared with the interface without slurry, the shear strength with bentonite slurry reduces by 45% approximately, significantly more than clay slurry which reduces by 10%. The value of the friction angle with bentonite slurry is about 60% of that with clay slurry. Shear displacement increases as upright stress increases when reaches its failure states at the same height, and shear displacement with bentonite slurry is smaller than that with clay slurry when with the same upright stress and height. The upright displacement with bentonite slurry is greater than that with clay slurry under the same upright stress. In addition, shear dilatation is apparent under the low normal stress when without slurry. Otherwise, it appears as shear contraction.     

污水环境对水泥土力学性能的影响试验研究

由于多数地下水泥土工程直接与地下腐蚀性介质环境接触,必将导致水泥土材料的逐步劣化甚至失效破坏。以某市区工地附近明渠排放的污水作为侵蚀性介质,制作了不同水泥掺量的水泥土试件,通过对比试验,研究了污水环境和清水环境下不同水泥掺量、不同龄期的水泥土抗压强度和抗剪强度。结果表明,在污水或清水环境下,相同水泥掺量水泥土30 d龄期的抗压强度几乎相等,随着龄期的增加其抗压强度均逐步增大,但污水环境下其抗压强度增长的幅度明显小于清水环境,90 d后清水环境的水泥土抗压强度不再增长,而污水环境的抗压强度开始降低;污水环境和清水环境下的水泥土内摩擦角和黏聚力随龄期、水泥掺量的增加均逐步增大,污水环境下龄期90 d后的内摩擦角和黏聚力均开始降低。     

含水率和颗粒级配对稍密碎石土抗剪性能及地基承载力的影响

碎石土因特殊的工程特性而被科研人员关注,但对大粒径、粉质粘土填充、稍密状态下碎石土的力学性能涉足较少。根据该类型碎石土特点及大量勘察结果配置出两种比较典型级配的稍密碎石土,通过大型直剪试验仪测定了不同含水率状态下碎石土试样的抗剪强度,绘制剪应力与水平位移的关系图,通过一元回归得出稍密碎石的抗剪强度指标c、φ值,分析了不同含水率、不同级配对稍密碎石土抗剪性能的影响。结果表明：随着含水率的增大,碎石土粘聚力总体呈减小趋势,但变化趋势具有显著的阶段性且和粉质粘土的含量有关,含水率变化对碎石土内摩擦角的影响较小。用规范推荐方法计算了该类型碎石土地基承载力,并与地方规范经验取值和勘察工程实践取值进行了对比,结果表明：含水率对地基承载力影响较大,且与碎石土填充物的粉质粘土含量有关,粉质粘土含量越高,承载力影响越大。     

Experimental Study on Properties of Interface between Geogrid and Copper Tailing

Steel-plastic composite geogrid enjoys greater reinforcement effect than other types of geogrid due mainly to its special design and structure,such as deliberately roughed rib surface to enhance its surface roughness and friction coefficient.Hence,engaging force together with interface friction raises the reinforced soil's stability.Tests of pull-out on varied size of steel-plastics composite geogrid have been performed with copper tailing as filling soil,and interaction parameters of shearing intensity and pseudo-friction coefficient between geogrid and copper tailing are obtained.In addition,other influence factors have been discussed.     

螺虫乙酯在黄瓜及其土壤中残留量检测方法及残留规律研究

[目的]本文旨在研究黄瓜和土壤中螺虫乙酯残留量的高效液相色谱测定方法,并于2014年用该方法测定湖南、浙江和广东三地螺虫乙酯在黄瓜及其土壤上的消解动态和残留规律试验研究的样品。[方法]样品用乙腈提取,高效液相色谱紫外检测器测定。[结果]结果表明：当添加螺虫乙酯在黄瓜及其土壤中的浓度为0.05mg/kg～1.0mg/kg时,平均添加回收率分别为95.75%～98.91%、89.37%～99.78%;变异系数分别为1.26%～2.89%、1.62%～1.99%,该方法对黄瓜和土壤中螺虫乙酯的最低检出浓度为 0.025mg/kg;在自然环境条件下,螺虫乙酯在湖南、浙江和广州三地的黄瓜和土壤中的半衰期分别为2.67～8.82d,1.95～6.19d。[结论]按推荐使用剂量对黄瓜施药,末次施药后第5天螺虫乙酯在三地的黄瓜和土壤中的残留量均未检出,黄瓜中螺虫乙酯残留量均低于瓜果类的MRL值(0.2mg/kg)。     

水稻旱育稀植栽培有偿服务推广模式的分析

20世纪90年代中后期,银川灌区水稻旱育稀植栽培技术的推广采用农民参与式的有偿服务推广模式。常规农业技术推广体系的五个特点以及存在的六大问题,是有偿服务产生的背景。农民通过参与推广过程,自身得到了良好的发展,从在技术上的掌握飞跃到能力上的提高。旱育稀植栽培技术的推广,取得了一定的社会效益和经济效益。社会效益：改变了水稻的种植方式;农民的综合素质和能力得到了提高;增加了农技人员和农民的沟通交流;推广人员建立了良好的信任度等。经济效益：采用旱育稀植栽培技术后,水稻平均亩产比水点播增产100kg,增收150元;农技推广人员为农户每提供一亩商品秧,可得到20元左右的收入。同时从科技成果的转化、推广服务等方面提出了改进意见。