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塔里木荒漠豆科植物种子休眠原因与破除方法研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以塔里木荒漠区3种豆科植物种子为材料,采用不同破除豆科植物种子休眠的方法,研究不同方法对种子休眠的解除效应,探讨种子体眠原因并寻求打破种子体眠的最佳途径.结果表明:3种荒漠豆科植物种子属物理性种壳休眠,种皮障碍是限制种子萌发的主要因素.热水、赤霉素、过氧化氢、乙醇、氢氧化钠等化学处理均可破除种子休眠,但种子发芽率与清水对照无显著差异,处理效果不佳.机械破损种皮和浓硫酸处理均能有效打破种子休眠、显著提高发芽率.种子发芽率随硫酸浓度增加与处理时间延长而明显提高,80%以上浓度的H2SO4处理效果较好,其中以80%H2SO4处理90 min,90% H2SO4处理50 min,98% H2SO4处理30 min为最佳,种子发芽率超过98%.因此,利用小型机械和浓硫酸处理是破除荒漠豆科植物种皮休眠障碍的最佳方法,研究结果可为荒漠区人工种植与荒漠植被恢复提供科学依据. 相似文献
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为了破除花榈木种子的休眠,对花榈木种子进行药剂处理、混沙湿藏处理以及激素十混沙湿藏处理,对处理后的种子进行发芽试验,测定种子的发芽指标,并测定混沙湿藏不同阶段种子内部脱落酸、赤霉素、酸性磷酸酯酶、淀粉酶、蛋白酶、ATP等指标的变化.结果表明:激素十混沙湿藏处理的种子萌发效果优于混沙湿藏和药剂处理.用500 mg/L赤霉素浸泡花榈木种子12 h,再低温(4℃)混沙湿藏45 d是破除花榈木种子休眠的最佳方法,其发芽开始时间、结束时间和高峰期分别比不处理的种子提早10,17d和14d,发芽率、发芽势分别比对照提高36.6%、32.7%.混沙湿藏处理的花榈木种子的酸性磷酸酯酶、淀粉酶和蛋白酶活性、GA3和ATP含量随着混沙湿藏的时间延长而增加,ABA含量则随着混沙湿藏时间的延长而减小,混沙湿藏对破除花榈木种子休眠起关键作用. 相似文献
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赤霉素处理打破萝卜种子休眠的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对大多数种子公司而言,刚从农户或育种基地收回来的萝卜种子,有些品种是有休眠期的。而处于休眠期的种子会影响种子发芽率。据相关资料记载,赤霉素对于打破种子休眠有一定作用。本实验采用不同浓度的赤霉素溶液对萝卜种子进行不同时间的处理,来确定打破萝卜种子休眠最佳的赤霉素溶液浓度和处理时间。 相似文献
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水稻播种前的种子处理是水稻生产过程中的一个重要环节。能打破种子休眠、提高酶的活性,从而提高种子的发芽率和发芽势,便于发芽整齐健壮,节省用种,同时,还能借助太阳光中的紫外线杀死附着于种子表面的病菌,有效地减少了因种子带菌而引起的稻瘟病等多种病害。其主要技术要求如下:[第一段] 相似文献
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介绍了运用冷冻干燥技术进行速溶蛋花汤的加工,研究了生产工艺、特点以及影响产品质量的主要因素。试验表明,采用冷冻干燥技术加工的速溶蛋花汤,具有营养丰富、风味独特、方便快捷等特点。 相似文献
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DENG Zhao-jing 《保鲜与加工》2005,(1):153-156
A new definition of inertia,i.e. the momentum is the measuring of inertia of matter, is proposed. The article through and etc., subjects, the correctness of the new notion of inertia:The monentum is the measuring of inertia has been demonstrated, and the unsolved contradictions of the traditional definition of inetia. And the mass is the measuring of inertia has been revealed. 相似文献
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香蕉是热带亚热带发展中国家重要的粮食作物和碳水化合物来源。但近年来,香蕉生产受到严重的病虫危害。大多数香蕉栽培品种是三倍体,生长周期长,而且不孕。由于没有种子,给繁殖和育种带来一定的困难。遗传转化技术的发展为香蕉品种的改良提供了一种有效的手段。香蕉的遗传转化方法有电激法、基因枪法、农杆菌介导法等。农杆菌介导法的应用是香蕉品种改良的一个重大突破。香蕉遗传转化的外植体也发展到多种,有原生质体,胚性细胞悬浮系,分生组织,以及横切薄片等。近几年,随着分子生物学的发展,出现了转化效率更高,重复性更好的香蕉遗传转化技术。如农杆菌和基因枪结合法,离心辅助农杆菌介导法、真空渗透技术等。这些新技术新方法的出现,必将推动香蕉产业高速发展。 相似文献
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基于RS与GIS技术,利用景观生态学理论及景观格局指数对布尔津县土地利用现状进行定量分析。结果显示为:(1)布尔津县以草地、林地为主要景观类型,镶嵌着耕地、水域等景观类型。(2)四个分区(即高山区、丘陵区、平原区、荒漠区)的林地资源组成差异明显,耕地、居民、交通及工矿用地集中分布在丘陵区和平原区(3)从各项指数来看,高山区的多样性指数较低;平原区是受人文因素最多的区域,景观优势度低,各种土地利用类型比例差异不大,有利于生态可持续发展,但要合理的开发利用;荒漠区生态环境相对脆弱,要加强生态环境的保护与改善。通过该研究对布尔津县的土地利用现状作一个了解,为该县乃至整个地区的景观规划和可持续发展战略提供科学依据。 相似文献
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Based on the relation between the incipient yield pressure and the limit of yielding in cylinder according to the elastic disabled rule, a laboratorial method of determining limit of yielding of material is designed and a set of experimental data were gained by the method. The incipient yield pressure of the cylinder is gained by analyzing the experimental data, and then the limit of yielding is gained. The laboratorial method has a good reliability as the experimental value has a little error to the theory value. It has a definite engineering signification and theory value to research the mechanical capability of material and the disabled rule of high pressure vessel. 相似文献
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南瓜降糖功能及其系列食品加工技术 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
阐述了南瓜在糖尿病辅助治疗方面的功能特性,介绍了南瓜降糖主要制品南瓜全粉、南瓜脆片、南瓜果酱和南瓜肉汁的工艺流程和操作要点。 相似文献
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母猪繁殖障碍成因分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
繁殖障碍是导致母猪淘汰的最主要因素,直接造成母猪非生产天数延长,繁殖猪群生产效率降低,严重影响猪场的经济效益。本文作者对引起母猪繁殖障碍的多方面因素,包括营养因素(如饲养水平、饲料品质、断奶日龄)、环境因素(如温度、湿度、通风、光照)、疫病因素、生产技术及管理因素进行了详细阐述。 相似文献
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Efficiency of water use of early plantings of sunflower 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
M. Auxiliadora Soriano Francisco Orgaz Francisco J. Villalobos Elías Fereres 《European Journal of Agronomy》2004,21(4):465-476
Rain fed crop production in Mediterranean environments depends to a large extent on strategies that avoid the intense summer drought. Early plantings of sunflower have given consistently higher yields in such environments, but the basis for such yield increases has not been explored. We conducted two field experiments at Cordoba (Spain) to investigate the effects of an early and a late planting date on the components of water-limited crop productivity; namely, water use (T), water use efficiency (TE) and harvest index (HI) of sunflower. The results were generalized by simulating rain fed sunflower yields, under early (1 January) and late (15 March) plantings, for a 25-year period with the aid of a simulation model of the Ceres type (OILCROP-SUN) which has been validated in Cordoba. Experimental seed yields of early plantings in 1989 and 1996 were 2.0 and 3.0 t ha−1, while late plantings yields were 1.3 and 2.4 t ha−1, for the 2 years. Average simulated yields were 2.7 ± 1.1 and 1.9 ± 0.7 t ha−1 for early and late plantings, respectively. For the 2 years, T of early plantings was higher than that of late plantings, but the response of TE and HI to planting date was not the same in the two experiments. In the simulation exercise, T and TE of early plantings were consistently higher than those of late plantings, while there were no differences in the HI for the two planting dates. We conclude that early plantings of sunflower increase rain fed yields by increasing both T and TE, while the impact of planting date on HI very much depends on the crop water stress pattern, which is quite variable from year to year even in the predictable Mediterranean environment. 相似文献