内生菌拟茎点霉B3促进大田水稻增产的初步研究（英文）

After insufflating extended endophytes phomopsis B3 ferment diluent on seedling bed of rice,the effect of microbial inoculum on rice growth was studied.The investigation result of seedlings before transplanting seedling showed that leaf age,the number of green leaves,the number of tiller of individual plant and the weight of per 100 fresh plants in microbial inoculum treatment group increased 0.11,0.12,0.03 and 2.6 g respectively compared with those of control group.20 days after transplanting,increased tiller number in microbial inoculum treatment group was 55 500 hm2 more than that in control group.30 days after transplanting,tiller number in microbial inoculum treatment group was 42 000 hm2 more than that in control group.In harvest season,the yield,weight of 1 000 grain and seed-setting rate increased 300 kg/hm2,0.7 g and 0.23% respectively compared with these in control group.The result of preliminary study demonstrated that microbial inoculum confected by endophytes phomopsis B3 could increase the number of strong seedling and yield.     

Effect of Wood Vinegar on Seed Germination and Water Implantation of Corn

To analyze the effect of wood vinegar on seed germination and seedling growth, the seeds of corn are dipped in wood vinegar of different densities. The results showed that significant effects were found through all the treatments on the seed germination rate, the seed germinating energy and the germinating index. The regress CUBICS curves were developed to describe the relation. The reasonable parameters range was obtained. At the same time, the corn was cultivated by wood vinegar of different densities, aiming to study the effect of wood vinegar on biomass. It showed that all treatments had obvious effects on the seedling length and dry weight aboveground, the chlorophyll and dry weight underground were not included. The research results could be used to direct the wood vinegar deeply refining process and product development.     

Changes in Nutrient-Homeostasis and Reserves Metabolism During Rice Seed Priming： Consequences for Seedling Emergence and Growth

In this study influence of different seed priming treatments on the nutrient-homeostasis and reserve metabolism during seedling emergence and growth of rice were determined. Seed priming treatments included pre-germination, hydropriming for 48 h, osmohardening with KCl and CaCl2, ascorbate priming and hardening. All treatments shortened the emergence time and enhanced the energy and index of seedling emergence. Seedlings from primed seeds had greater length, number of roots and fresh and dry mass than control. Among the treatments, CaCl2, ascorbate and KCl proved better in enhancing emergence and seedling growth. Seed priming changed the pattern of N and Ca^2＋ homeostasis both of the seeds and seedlings, which were associated to enhancing s-amylase activity and reducing sugars content. Positive correlations of seedling attributes with nutrient content suggested that as a result of seed priming, most of N and Ca^2＋ were partitioned to embryo, which enhanced seedling emergence and subsequent growth of rice seedlings.     

不同肥料对椭圆叶花锚生长发育的比较研究(英文)

[Objective] The aim was to study the effect of different treatments on development and growth of Halenia ellipitica D.Don.[Method] Three treatments (urea treatment group, diammonium phosphate treatment group and control group) were set in the experiment with 3 replications to detect plant height,root length, leaf number, branch number, flower number and biomass of Halenia ellipitica D.Don. in all experimental groups.[Result] The leaf number,branch number, flower number and output of crude drug of Halenia ellipitica D.Don. in urea treatment group were more than that of Halenia ellipitica D.Don. in diammonium phosphate treatment group and control group,however,the plant height and root length were not significantly different among all groups.[Conclusion] The urea generated better effect on Halenia ellipitica D.Don. cultivation than that produced by diammonium phosphate treatment.     

EFFECTS OF COMPOUND SALT ON GROWTH AND ION ABSORPTION OF SEED AND SEEDLING OF SPINACH

The seed and seedling of spinach were irregated with 300 m mol/l compound salt. The results were as follows The treatment for seed and seedling had the effect on promoting seedling growth and increasing the unit yield. The effects were more obvious if both seed and seedling were treated. The seedling was irrigated with compound salt could make the contents of Na⁺,Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺ increase and the contents of K⁺,N.P decrease in plant. The seed soaking treatment hadn^,t obvious effect on the content of ion in the plant.     

Effects of Tetcyclacis on Plant Growth and Development in Triticale cv.Lasko

Experiments with tecyclacis applied as a seed-dressing carried out with triticale cv.Lasko in pots in the glasshouse and in hand-sown plots in the field.The sesults showed that tetcyclacis significantly delayed seedling emergence and inhibited the elongating growth in plant seedling stage,but not affected the growth and development of the adult plant during the late stage of stem extension and the stage of grain expansionl.No significant difference was found in fertile stem number,grain quality and yield between the treated plants with tetcyclacis and control.     

甘草多糖对小鼠生长性能及细胞免疫能力的影响(英文)

Aniso-dose glycyrrhiza polysaccharide was injected into abdominal cavity of mice. The effect of glycyrrhiza polysaccharide on growth performance and immune fuction of mice was determined. The results showed that the growth performance and immune function of mice were improved and there were significant differences among the treatment groups and control group.     

Response of Element Distribution of Various Organs of Maize to Fertilizer Application

The effect of fertilizer application on biomass dry weight and element distribution of various organs of maize was investigated from the aspect of microscopic view to disclose the internal mechanism of fertilizer effect on crop. Five fertilizer treatments： no fertilizer （CK）, nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer （NP）, nitrogen potassium fertilizer （NK）, phosphorus potassium （PK）, and nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer （NPK） were designed. Field experiment on the response of biomass dry weight and N, P, K, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn element distribution of stem, leaf and seed of maize （Zea mays L.） to different fertilizer treatments application was carried out. The results showed that dry weight and element content of various organs of maize were different. N content of various organs followed this order leaf〉 seed 〉 stem; P content of various organs was seed 〉 leaf〉 stem; K content was stem 〉 leaf〉 seed; and Fe content was leaf〉 stem 〉 seed. Fertilizer application reduced the differences of N, P, K, and Fe contents of various organs, and changed the size order of the dry weight and the Cu and Zn contents of leaf, seed and stem. Except for individual treatment, the response direction of N, P and Fe elements to fertilizer application was similar to Cu and Zn. The response of element content of various organs of maize to different fertilizer combinations was also different. The response extent of N, P and K major elements to fertilizer application was larger than microelement of Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn; the response extent of stem and leaf was larger than seed; the response to NPK fertilizer treatment was bigger than NP, NK and PK. In the whole, response differences of element distribution to various fertilizer treatments were not remarkable. Besides, element distribution of various organs of maize was also influenced by the mutual effect of fertilizer varieties. The response direction and extent of various element distributions to different fertilizer treatments had both similarities and differences. Adjusting fertilizer application could change the biomass dry weight and element distribution of various organs of maize, thus promote the uptake and cycle of nutrient. This investigation could provide useful information for high production.     

Effect of Different Factors on Rooting Characteristics and Survival of Lonicera japonica Thunb

[Objective] The aim was to explore the effects of different factors on rapid propagation and seedling survival of Lonicera japonica Thunb. [Method] The cuttings of 1, 2 or 3 years old, with different length, were soaked in different hormones at different concentrations for different time and planted at different dates. Finally, their rooting rate and survival rate in different treatments were measured and compared. [Result] The rooting rate and survival rate of one-year old cuttings with length of 10-13 cm and planted on September 20 and October 20, 2012 were relatively higher among all the treatments. Hormone treatment could significantly promote the callus formation and accelerate the rooting of the cuttings, and improve their survival rate. The cuttings treated with 120-200 mg/L ABT1 or NAA for 35-45 min had higher rooting rate and survival rate. Among them, the survival rate of cuttings treated with 160 mg/L ABT1 for 35 min was the highest, up to 92.5%. [Conclusion] The study provided basis for improving the survival rate of L. japonica by cuttage, and for optimizing the rapid propagation technique.     

Effects of Chitosan on the Shelf Life of Harbin Red-sausage

Chitosan and Chitin can inhibit the growth of bacteria. The effect of different concentrations of chitosan solutions on the shelf life of Harbin Red-sausage was studied in this paper. Dipping the Red-sausage with chitosan could extend the shelf life significantly. The optimal composition of coating solution was 3% chitosan solution, whose deacetylated rate was 94%, which was dissolved in 2% acetic acid solution. The CFUs of the sausages with the chitosan deacetylated rate 94% treatment were significantly lower than control at the whole storage （P 〈0.05）.     

不同药剂处理对受寒害木薯出苗生长的影响

研究受寒害木薯在不同药剂处理条件下的生根出苗及生长情况。结果表明,进行消毒处理可提高受寒害木薯种茎的生根率、出苗率,降低茎段的霉烂率,其中以施保克处理效果最好(生根率、出苗率均为63%,茎段霉烂率为28%);不同生根剂处理中,以根旺+石灰处理效果最好,使受寒害木薯的生根率、出苗率明显高于对照组及其他处理组;从采用不同生根剂处理对寒害木薯种茎生长情况的影响来看,根旺+石灰组对促进木薯植株伸长与生长的作用最明显(可使平均株高比对照增加8.58 cm),而多效唑+石灰处理组对植株茎秆增粗效果最好(可使茎粗比对照增加0.42 cm)。     

沙埋和种子大小对沙蒿种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

研究实验室条件下不同深度的沙埋和种子大小对沙蒿种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,沙埋深度对沙蒿的种子萌发率、休眠率、幼苗出土率及生物量均有显著影响。没有沙土覆盖时沙蒿种子即可萌发;0.5~5 cm的浅层沙埋下,种子萌发率、出苗率、幼苗存活率及生物量最高,休眠率最低;沙埋深度>5 cm 时,沙蒿的种子萌发率、出苗率、幼苗存活率及生物量随沙埋深度增加显著降低,而休眠率却显著升高;沙埋深度为12 cm时,种子不出苗,幼苗也不能存活。种子大小对沙蒿种子萌发率、出苗率、幼苗存活率及休眠率均无显著影响,但对幼苗生物量大小具有显著影响,在0~12 cm的沙埋深度中,除5 cm和7 cm深度下中粒种子和小粒种子萌发的幼苗的生物量间没有显著差异外,其他深度处理时,大粒种子萌发的幼苗的生物量显著高于同一沙埋深度下中粒种子萌发的幼苗生物量,后者又显著高于小粒种子萌发幼苗的生物量,因此研究认为,沙蒿种子最适宜沙埋深度为 1~ 3 cm的浅层沙埋。     

棉花种子球化处理对幼苗生长发育的影响

以早熟直播棉品种JX0010为试验材料,采用木薯改良性淀粉、膨润土、硅藻土、凹凸棒土和育苗基质对棉花种子进行球化处理,以未球化处理的种子为对照,进行盆栽试验,探究球化育苗技术对棉花出苗及幼苗生长特性的影响。结果表明：球化处理后的棉花种子出苗率为95.83%~100.00%,出苗穴率为100.00%,出苗速率为33.33%~50.00%,出苗率、出苗穴率和出苗速率较对照分别提高16.67%~33.33%、8.33%~33.33%和16.66%~25.00%;球化处理后的棉花幼苗SPAD值为42.48,与对照差异不显著;球化处理棉苗的SOD活性、POD活性、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、硝酸还原酶活性、根系脱氢酶活性、株高以及根、茎、叶的干质量和鲜质量等指标相较对照都有显著提高;种子球化处理棉花幼苗丙二醛的含量相较对照显著降低。综合分析,棉花种子球化处理能显著提高棉花的出苗率,改善棉苗生长素质。     

底质掩埋对苦草种子成苗和幼苗存活的影响

为探索底质掩埋对人工恢复苦草(Vallisneria natans)的影响,研究了塘泥和河沙掩埋0、1、3、5 cm深度下苦草种子的成苗状况和苦草幼苗的存活状况.结果表明,掩埋深度增加会显著降低种子的成苗率、幼苗的存活率、植株的株高和干重,其中掩埋深度达5 cm时,苦草种子不能成苗,幼苗不能存活,与无掩埋相比,掩埋1 cm和3 cm处理中,幼苗存活率的下降幅度显著低于种子成苗率,且掩埋1 cm处理的幼苗存活率下降不显著,掩埋3 cm处理的河沙组种子的成苗率和幼苗的存活率显著高于塘泥组;无掩埋、掩埋1 cm和掩埋3 cm处理中,塘泥组苦草的平均株高、株均干重和根冠比均显著大于河沙组.表明底质掩埋对苦草种子成苗的影响大于对幼苗存活的影响;塘泥比河沙更有利于苦草的生长,但掩埋深度较大时,塘泥对种子成苗率和幼苗存活率的影响比河沙更明显.     

木薯渣复合基质在辣椒育苗上的应用研究

[目的]研究木薯渣复合基质在辣椒育苗上的应用效果。[方法]以辣椒为试验材料,对以木薯渣、椰糠、蛭石和珍珠岩为基础原料,不同水平的有机肥、硝酸钙、缓释肥和硫酸亚铁为辅助原料所配制而成的9个育苗基质配方进行筛选试验。对各生理和生长指标进行综合比较。[结果]T3基质配方在辣椒上的育苗效果最好,出苗率为93.6%,叶绿素含量比对照提高了38.0%,株高和茎粗的测定值均极显著高于对照,辣椒幼苗的干鲜重最大,与对照相比均有极显著的增加,分别增加了50.2%和51.2%,通过计算所得的壮苗指数也最高,极显著的高于对照;其次为T5和T2基质配方。[结论]该研究可为木薯渣复合基质在辣椒育苗上的应用提供指导。     

淮山药枝条扦插快繁试验

进行不同浓度生根剂、不同品种、不同成熟度、插穗不同叶片数对淮山药插穗扦插生根效果的影响试验。结果表明,不同浓度生根剂处理均能提高淮山药插穗的生根率,其中以10g/L根旺溶液处理的效果最好;不同品种（品系）淮山药插穗经10g/L根旺溶液处理后的生根率不同,以GY62的生根率最高;GY62半木质化和木质化插穗经10g/L根旺溶液处理后均能够生根,但半木质化插穗扦插生根效果明显优于木质化插穗;保留不同叶片数的淮山药插穗经10g／L根旺溶液处理后均能够生根,但以留1叶的处理方式生根率最高。     

杀菌剂包衣种子对番茄苗期2种病害的防治效果

为了筛选出防治番茄苗期猝倒病和立枯病并培育壮苗的种子,选择以多菌灵、百菌清、普力克、杀毒矾、农用链霉素和CuSO4等6种杀菌剂对番茄种子进行包衣处理,测定发芽率、籽苗的株高、根长和鲜重,并在基质接种不同病菌处理中测定出苗率、成苗率、成苗的株高、茎粗、干鲜重和壮苗指数.结果表明,6种杀菌剂包衣延迟了番茄种子平均发芽时间和出苗时间,其中CuSO4和杀毒矾包衣的种子出苗率和成苗率均高于对照,对猝倒病和立枯病防效较好,其余杀菌剂包衣均无明显防病效果.     

60Co-γ辐射对牡丹种子发芽率及幼苗生长的影响

为了更深入地研究牡丹辐射诱变育种,解决牡丹辐射剂量问题,选育具有较高经济价值的中国现代牡丹优良新品种,以混合授粉的牡丹种子为试验材料,采用不同剂量60Co-γ射线辐射牡丹种子的方法对牡丹种子发芽率及幼苗生长的影响进行了研究。结果表明：辐射剂量为8.73~17.46 Gy时,种子发芽率随剂量的增加而提高,17.46 Gy时发芽率最高达到46%,但17.46~52.38 Gy发芽率随辐射剂量的增加而降低;经辐射处理的种子出苗率、苗高、根长均高于CK,17.46 Gy时出苗率最高达到92.4%,苗高为6.65 cm。辐射可促进幼苗生长,提高出苗率;17.46 Gy最有利于种子发芽和幼苗生长;辐射剂量对根长没有明显影响。     

曲酸对绿豆种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

为更好地探索曲酸在农业上的应用效果,研究以蒸馏水、芸苔素内脂处理为对照,通过测定曲酸溶液浸种后绿豆种子的发芽势、发芽率以及幼苗鲜重、干重、茎长、根长、叶长、叶宽、根冠比、叶绿素等指标,探究不同曲酸浓度对绿豆种子萌发、幼苗生长及生理特性影响的差异。结果表明,浓度50～200 mg/L的曲酸溶液对绿豆种子的萌发和幼苗生长具有一定的促进作用,但随着曲酸浓度的增大,促进作用呈现减弱的趋势,其中以50 mg/L浓度的曲酸溶液处理效果最佳,能显著提高绿豆种子发芽率,促进幼苗生长,试验结果为曲酸在农业中的推广应用提供了一定的理论依据。     

不同埋藏深度对白花鬼针草、假臭草和胜红蓟种子出苗及生长的影响

为了解菊科入侵植物种子出苗和幼苗生长对埋藏深度的适应机制,通过砂培法研究菊科种子出苗和幼苗生长,比较分析不同埋藏深度下(0、0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0 cm)3种入侵植物种子白花鬼针草(Bidens alba)、假臭草(Praxelis clematidea)和胜红蓟(Ageratum conyzoides)的出苗率、出苗速率和出土时间等参数的差异,探究菊科入侵植物种子出苗和幼苗生长对埋藏深度的响应。结果表明:随着埋藏深度的增加,3种入侵植物种子出苗率和出苗速率均极显著降低(p0.01),出土时间则随着埋藏深度的增加均有不同程度增长,埋藏深度0~1.0 cm、0~0.5 cm和0分别为白花鬼针草、假臭草和胜红蓟种子较适出苗环境;在幼苗生长实验中,随着埋藏深度的增加,白花鬼针草和假臭草幼苗的根长、鲜重呈先上升后下降的趋势,茎长呈下降趋势,较适宜白花鬼针草和假臭草幼苗生长的埋藏深度为0~1.0 cm;胜红蓟幼苗随着埋藏深度的增加,其幼苗的根长、茎长、鲜重均呈下降趋势,较适宜胜红蓟幼苗生长的埋藏深度为0~0.5 cm。3种入侵植物对埋藏深度的耐受能力依次为:白花鬼针草假臭草胜红蓟。结果表明,农耕深度分别为:白花鬼针草2.0 cm,假臭草1.0 cm,胜红蓟0.5 cm。