2个茶树新品种在江北茶区的适应性研究

以福鼎大白茶为对照,对名山早、名山白毫两个茶树新品种在信阳的区域适应性进行了研究。结果表明,名山早、名山白毫发芽期与对照相当,均为早生种;抗寒性、抗旱性与对照相当;适制绿茶;产量名山早与对照相当,名山白毫显著高于对照。两个茶树品种均适于信阳茶区及江北茶区推广。     

茶树原产地的四种主要观点

世界各国普遍公认茶树原产于中国。1824年,驻印英军勃鲁士(R·Bruce)宣称在印度阿萨姆省皮珊的新福区“发现”了野生茶树,对茶树原产地才有分歧。100多a来茶树原产地问题之争主要出现了四种观点:一源论派。多数学者认为中国是茶树原产地。理由主要为:中国是世界上最早发现和利用培栽茶树的国家;中国发现的野生大茶树最早、最多,现今尚有大量野生大茶树;世界各国的“茶”字及“茶叶”译音都来源于中国;大部分茶树亲缘植物均产于中国;中国种与阿萨姆种的染色体数相同,茶酯酶的同功酸没有根本差异。主张中国是茶树原产地的“一源论派”主要在…     

甘蔗组培裸根苗小拱棚大田移栽技术试验报告

为了提高甘蔗组培裸根苗在不同季节的大田移栽成活率,通过搭建小拱棚对‘新台糖22号’甘蔗脱毒组培裸根苗进行栽培。比较不同增殖苗处理方式和小拱棚顶部不同透气孔的设置、不同假植天数及不同季节对甘蔗组培裸根苗大田移栽成活生长的影响。研究缩短甘蔗组培苗育苗周期的同时又能提高甘蔗组培苗的大田移栽成活率及生长速度的方法。结果表明：不同增殖苗处理方式之间的成活生长差异不显著;移栽当天在小拱棚顶部设置直径1~2 cm的透气孔,裸根苗移栽成活率可高达93.5%,与对照差异达到极显著水平;假植天数为20~40天,每年的2月至10月均适合运用小拱棚进行甘蔗组培裸根苗的大田移栽。从根本上达到了缩短育苗周期,减少中间生产环节,降低育苗成本的目的。     

中国农村就地城市化刍议

主流城市化理论的预设前提是，城市化的结果就是农民的“终结”，因而把城市化起点的农村给忽略或遮蔽了。学界在除蔽中取得“农村就地城市化”的研究成果。农村就地城市化是指农村一般村落，有着高度的发达经济，有着兼具城市文明和乡村文明的和谐文明。这里居民的收入接近城市居民的收入，享受城市相似的社会保障和公共服务，享受相当于城市的现代化而又具有乡村特色生活方式。     

Cytology of Phleum sp. affin. P. montanum C. Koch

Diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid plants occurred in foreign plant introductions of P. sp. affin. P. montanum from Turkey and Iran. Within-progeny variations in polyploid levels indicate that divergent races occurred as interspersed but natural populations. One to six B-chromosomes of varying sizes in addition to the normal chromosome complement were present in some plants. Their behaviours appeared essentially similar to those recorded for other species. Certain of the plants examined exhibited cytological features similar to those observed in known hybrids. These included prophase pycnosis, stickiness, split metaphase I plates, unoriented chromosomes at M-1, and low levels of pollen stainability. These features were absent in microsporocytes of other plants. Low open-pollination seed set characterized all plants examined. This may be due to hybridity or possibly to response to ecological conditions of the new environment.Results of co-operative work of the Crops Research Division, A.R.S., U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station, Madison, Wisconsin.Former Graduate Student, Department of Agronomy, Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station, and Geneticist, Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.     

U.S. Economic Growth vs. Environmental Conditions

A widely-held belief is that stricter environmental regulations stifle economic growth. To determine empirically the effect of environmental conditions and policies on state-level per capita income growth, a Barro-type economic growth model was estimated for the years 1982 to 1991, which correspond to two consecutive troughs in the business cycle. States with better environmental conditions had significantly higher income growth rates during this period. At the same time, stricter environmental policies did not significantly depress income growth. Data used include recently developed, consistent measures of environmental policy and quality for individual states, as well as data from the 1980 U.S. Census and Bureau of Economic Analysis.     

金铁锁总皂苷提取工艺研究

采用正交设计,以齐墩果酸为对照品,采用5%香草醛冰醋酸-高氯酸显色剂,以总皂苷提取率为指标来确定金铁锁的最佳提取工艺。结果表明,最佳提取工艺如下：提取温度为70℃、乙醇浓度为80%、提取时间90 min、料液比1:8,该方法成本低、结果稳定、重复性好。     

谢君魔芋染色体数目的观察研究

（云南农业大学魔芋研究所,云南昆明 650201）     

Avena fatua L. subsp. fatua v. glabrata Peterm. subv. pseudo-basifixa Thell. as a source of crown rust resistance genes

Summary An accession of Avena fatua L. subsp. fatua v. glabrata Peterm. subv. pseudo-basifixa Thell. (A. fatua L. CS Sel. No. 1), collected in Czechoslovakia in 1971, was found to be resistant to a wide range of crown rust races. Analyses of crosses of this oat with cvs. Weikuss, Leanda, Mona, Rodney A, Rodney B, Rodney M, Dodge and K 316 indicated that the resistance of A. fatua CS Sel. No. 1 is conditioned by one recessive gene which is in interaction with one partially dominant gene with additive effect. The expression of rust reaction was affected by temperature. The crown rust resistance genes of A. fatua L. CS Sel. No. 1 were non-allelic with stem rust resistance genes Pg-2 (A) and Pg-4(B).