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压扁处理对紫花苜蓿干燥特性及干草品质的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了研究紫花苜蓿干草田间调制过程中干燥特性及营养成分的变化规律,试验采用压扁和未压扁二种处理方法,在田间自然晾晒条件下,分别在刈割后和含水量为50%、40%、30%、20%时进行取样分析。结果表明:压扁处理干燥速度显著快于未压处理(P〈0.05),水分散失均呈先快后慢的趋势;压扁处理显著降低苜蓿叶片的损失(P〈0.05);含水量为50%、40%、30%、20%时,压扁处理苜蓿干草的粗蛋白、总消化营养物质、无氮浸出物、胡萝卜素含量均明显高于未压处理;中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量明显低于未压扁处理,说明压扁处理能明显提高紫花苜蓿干燥速度,降低叶片损失,改善干草的营养品质。 相似文献
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河西走廊紫花苜蓿干草调制技术研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
紫花苜蓿(Medicago stativa L.)是为建立河西走廊地区苜蓿干草调制技术,于2004年在河西走廊地区以种植3年的紫花苜蓿为材料,对第2茬苜蓿进行了刈割时期、晾晒时间、打捆时间、翻晒对紫花苜蓿干草质量的影响研究.结果表明:苜蓿干草调制成功与否主要决定于晾晒时间、翻晒和打捆时间,而调制的苜蓿干草质量主要决定于刈割时期和打捆时间;河西走廊紫花苜蓿在初花期刈割,晾晒28 h-32 h,并进行翻晒作业,16:00-17:30打捆,避开过早或过晚打捆,可获得质量好、营养价值较高并可长期贮存的干草产品.该技术的提出对我国北方地区调制优质苜蓿干草提供了科学依据. 相似文献
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《中国饲料》2020,(17)
为筛选适宜西藏河谷农区燕麦+箭筈豌豆青干草调制方式,本试验开展了燕麦+箭筈豌豆饲草7种晾晒方式(阴干、传统晾晒、草架晾晒、未压扁晾晒、压扁晾晒、压扁+喷施NaHCO_3和压扁+喷施KH_2PO_4)对牧草失水特性及其干燥过程中营养损失的影响研究,以烘干处理为对照。结果显示:燕麦+箭筈豌豆经过压扁+喷施KH_2PO_4、压扁+喷施NaHCO_3和压扁晾晒处理30 h后牧草含水量可降低至15%以下,压扁处理粗蛋白质较传统晾晒提升0.92%以上。阴干处理粗蛋白质含量显著高于未压扁和草架晾晒(P 0.05),经过相对饲用价值和灰色关联度综合评价,压扁+喷施KH_2PO_4和压扁处理表现较好且简单易行,在西藏河谷农区实际生产中可优先选择。 相似文献
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为确定田间调制苜蓿干草适宜的压扁程度,本试验以紫花苜蓿为研究材料,通过不同程度压扁茎秆处理,分析苜蓿在调制过程中水分散失规律、干燥特性及营养成分含量,并利用体外消化试验进行验证。结果表明,在苜蓿干燥过程中,含水量均呈现先快后慢的下降趋势,压扁处理苜蓿干燥速度显著快于未压扁处理(P<0.05),压扁程度越大,干燥速度越快;重度压扁处理使苜蓿茎叶干燥趋于同步,叶片保存率较高;中度压扁处理苜蓿干草营养成分保存较好,干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)体外消化率高。综合分析认为,中度压扁为紫花苜蓿干草田间调制过程中适宜的压扁程度。 相似文献
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环境因子对苜蓿田间自然干燥的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)在干燥过程中的营养损失一直是制约苜蓿产业发展的关键技术难题,如何加快干燥速率,缩短干燥时间成为当今苜蓿干草调制加工研究的热点.试验以‘金皇后’紫花苜蓿为原料,通过对其含水量及主要气象参数的测定,研究了苜蓿干燥过程中的水分散失规律及影响苜蓿干燥速率的主要因子,旨在为探讨加快苜蓿干燥的途径提供依据.结果表明:苜蓿在自然干燥过程中,干燥速率呈先快后慢的变化趋势,而且夜间返潮严重,营养损失较大;压扁处理可有效加快苜蓿干燥,含水量从约80%降至10%左右需56 h,较未压扁苜蓿缩短干燥时间约24 h,但压扁苜蓿更易返潮;苜蓿干燥速率与太阳辐射强度、气温和风速极显著正相关,而与苜蓿含水量的正相关关系不显著,同时与空气湿度和大气水势有极显著的负相关关系,各因子对苜蓿干燥速率的影响大小顺序为:太阳辐射强度>气温>大气水势>空气湿度>风速>苜蓿含水量. 相似文献
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Accurate determination of the moisture (water) content in individual feed ingredients and mixed feeds is critical throughout the feed industry. Most analytical methods used to determine apparent water content of feedstuffs are empirical, estimating water by evaporation and loss of weight on drying (oven drying methods). These methods differ greatly in effectiveness, resulting in bias. Bias associated with measuring the water content of feedstuffs is a concern not only because of the lack of confidence in the moisture value itself, but also because moisture determinations affect accurate quantification and expression of other nutrient values. Methods for determining moisture in feeds have frequently been borrowed from the cereal, forage, or other applications without validating the extension of the method. Methods such as Karl Fischer titration measure water by direct comparison to a calibration standard for water and can be used as reference methods for the evaluation of empirical methods. The objective of this paper is to review methods for determining moisture, review comparisons among moisture methods for various feedstuffs, make recommendations for a reference method, and make general recommendations toward improving the results of moisture testing. The need to evaluate and improve moisture methods and standardize practices in laboratories is evident from this study. It also is evident that the methods appropriate for a specific feed ingredient or feed should not be extended to all feeds without proper validation to the new matrices. Part of the validation for empirical methods should be comparison to Karl Fischer or other the direct methods. It also is recommended that the results obtained using oven methods not be termed "moisture;" rather, they should be termed "loss on drying," and the drying conditions should become part of the term. 相似文献
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研究认为 :蚕茧干燥中室内相对湿度峰值不出现在临排气前的 82℃时段 ,而是位于鲜茧进灶 10min左右的 70℃附近 ;在现行干燥设备及控湿条件下 ,等速干燥阶段空气相对湿度基本符合干燥工艺要求 ,但减速干燥阶段则相差较大 ,应进行人工补湿。对茧层含水率的测定分析认为 ,预热段加温速度会对茧层含水率产生影响 ,快速加温有利于缩短杀蛹时间 ,维持较适当的茧层含水率。但生产上以中速偏快加温方式 (加温速度 1 0~ 1.2℃ /min)为宜。茧层含水率高低与灶内空气相对湿度的大小有密切联系 ,二者相关系数达 0 8312 ,且相对湿度 2 0 %及以上时与 10 %及以下时的茧层含水率间差异达显著水平 相似文献
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[Objective] The paper was to study the effects of different drying methods on moisture content and nutrient composition of alfalfa.[Method] Alfalfa collected from the same piece of land in early flowering period were dried through three different drying methods, solar drying,outdoor drying in the sun and outdoor drying in the shade, and the effects of different drying methods on contents of moisture, crude protein, crude ash and neutral detergent fiber(NDF) were measured. [Result] The moisture evaporation rate of different drying methods over the same period successively were solar drying outdoor drying in the sun outdoor drying in the shade. The crude protein content of alfalfa was the highest through solar drying(P0.05), followed by outdoor drying in the shade, and the crude protein content through outdoor drying in the sun was the lowest. Under the condition of different moisture contents, the crude protein content of dried samples through outdoor drying in the sun decreased by 6.86%-22.43% compared to solar drying, and that through outdoor drying in the shade reduced by 4.92%-17.20%. Under the same moisture content, the crude ash content successively were outdoor drying in the shade outdoor drying in the sun solar drying; the crude ash content of alfalfa through solar drying was 3.72%-19.22% lower than outdoor drying in the sun, and 8.12%-29.93% lower than outdoor drying in the shade. The NDF content of alfalfa through outdoor drying in the sun was the highest, significantly higher than the other two drying methods( P0.05). The NDF content through solar drying was the lowest, 9.08%-27.25% lower than outdoor drying in the sun, and 4.84%-24.84% lower than outdoor drying in the shade. [Conclusion] The paper will provide some references for selection of appropriate alfalfa drying method. 相似文献
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用微波炉加热法快速测定三叶草含水量。结果表明:微波炉法较烘箱法测定值精确度高、准确性好;在测定高水分(67%~80%)红三叶时,采用5min法好,而在测定低水分(44%~66%)红三叶时,采用4min法好;红三叶的取样大小分别为10g、15g、20g、25g,其间差异不显著;白三叶水分测定用微波炉4min法好,取样大小以15g、20g较好。 相似文献
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温度和水分对中华羊茅幼苗生长的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本试验采用室内盆栽法对不同温度和水分互作条件下中华羊茅幼苗生长的形态特性进行了研究,通过设定4个土壤水分梯度(80%,65%,50%和35%FWC,FWC为田间最大持水量)和3个生长温度(15,20和25 ℃)来模拟自然生长条件来探究适宜中华羊茅幼苗生长的温度和土壤水分条件。结果表明,中华羊茅在25 ℃、65%水分条件下的出苗率最高,且显著高于其他温度和水分处理(P<0.05),而对照和其他水分处理的幼苗株高在20 ℃条件下均显著高于15和25 ℃处理(P<0.05);3种温度下中华羊茅幼苗的茎粗在65%水分条件下均达到最大,在35%水分条件下最小,且与其他水分处理差异显著(P<0.05);在15和20 ℃条件下,中华羊茅幼苗的叶宽、组织含水量、株高胁迫指数和干物质胁迫指数均在65%水分条件下最大,在35%水分条件下最小,而在25 ℃条件下,其随着土壤水分含量的降低而逐渐减小,且在80%水分条件下达到最大;3种温度下中华羊茅幼苗的根冠比随着土壤水分含量的降低而逐渐增大,其在35%水分条件下最大,且显著大于对照和其他水分处理(P<0.05);20 ℃条件下,中华羊茅幼苗的根长在35%水分条件下最大,而在15和25 ℃条件下,其根长在50%水分条件下最大,且均与对照和其他水分处理差异显著(P<0.05)。因此,由结果得出20 ℃温度和65%水分条件最适于中华羊茅幼苗的生长。 相似文献