苗圃转让

今年顺义区苗圃绿化、美化苗木达1120多种、1．12亿株。其中油松、白皮松、华山松、雪松、桧柏、侧柏等常绿树13157亩，1650万株，占育苗总面积的23％；连翘、碧桃、榆叶梅、紫叶李、紫蔽、紫荆、月季、玫瑰、黄刺梅、黄杨、女贞等花灌木5468亩，1455万株，占育苗总面积的10％；白腊、元宝枫、栾树、国槐、银杏、合欢、龙爪槐、杜仲、千头椿、金丝柳、各种品种杨等落叶乔木37375亩，8095万株，占育苗总面积的67％。     

大丽花块根繁育和栽培技术

大丽花(Dahlia pinnata Cav)菊科，大丽花属，多年生草本，原产墨西哥，又名大丽菊、大理花、天竺牡丹、西番莲、地瓜花，具有植株粗壮、花期长、花朵硕大，品种繁多、花色鲜艳、适应性强等特点。是美化公园，布置庭院、花坛、花境以及切花陈设的较好花卉材料。大丽花为世界名花之一，目前世界约有3万多个品种，我国有500余品种。     

木棉嫁接繁育技术

木棉(Gossampinus malabarica)又名攀枝花、红棉、英雄树、烽火树,属木棉科木棉属落叶高大乔木.木棉广泛分布在我国四川、云南、贵州、广西、广东,生长在江河沿岸、山地阳坡及村边道路旁,喜光、耐高温,对土壤要求不苛刻.在四川攀枝花地区木棉树于1月-2月份开花,先花后叶,花色艳丽,有红色、金黄、淡黄色等颜色,树形高大伟岸,是优良的园林绿化树种.木棉树现是攀枝花市市花和广州市市树,在园林绿化中常作行道树、庭荫树、景园树、盆景树等.木棉经嫁接后2 a-3 a开花,嫁接苗可作盆景矮化栽培,观赏价值高.本文介绍了木棉的嫁接育苗技术.     

One compound approach combining factor-analytic model with AMMI and GGE biplot to improve multi-environment trials analysis

To improve multi-environmental trial(MET)analysis,a compound method—which combines factor analytic(FA)model with additive main effect and multiplicative interaction(AMMI)and genotype main effect plus genotype-by-environment interaction(GGE)biplot—was conducted in this study.The diameter at breast height of 36 open-pollinated(OP)families of Pinus taeda at six sites in South China was used as a raw dataset.The best linear unbiased prediction(BLUP)data of all individual trees in each site was obtained by fitting the spatial effects with the FA method from raw data.The raw data and BLUP data were analyzed and compared by using the AMMI and GGE biplot.BLUP results showed that the six sites were heterogeneous and spatial variation could be effectively fitted by spatial analysis with the FA method.AMMI analysis identified that two datasets had highly significant effects on the site,family,and their interactions,while BLUP data had a smaller residual error,but higher variation explaining ability and more credible stability than raw data.GGE biplot results revealed that raw data and BLUP data had different results in mega-environment delineation,test-environment evaluation,and genotype evaluation.In addition,BLUP data results were more reasonable due to the stronger analytical ability of the first two principal components.Our study suggests that the compound method combing the FA method with the AMMI and GGE biplot could improve the analysis result of MET data in Pinus teada as it was more reliable than direct AMMI and GGE biplot analysis on raw data.     

Review of Studies on Structural Features,Regeneration Features and Management of Natural Spruce-Fir Mixed Stand of Coniferous and Broadleaved Trees in China

Natural spruce-fir mixed stand is one of the main forest types in the world,and also has huge ecological,economic and social benefits.According to the structural characteristics and succession laws of natural spruce-fir forest,it is urgent and significant to develop scientific management measures for natural spruce-fir mixed stand in line with local conditions.The article outlined the characteristics of the distribution and structure, regeneration and succession laws of natural spruce-fir forest,and analyzed the current situation and existing problems of natural spruce-fir forest management.The following recommendations were eventually made:1) In no cutting area,all logging activities should be banned.In a restricted cutting area,the cutting intensity should be generally controlled within 15%of the stock volume before cutting.On the commodity forest management area, the appropriate cutting intensity should be determined according to the volume per hectare,determine and classification management should be implemented in accordance with the characteristics of forest,to ensure the scientific selective cutting.2) Closure for afforestation,planting and repair planting should be adopted on vegetation-intensive land,sparse shrubs covered land and harvesting slash,in order to accelerate natural regeneration.3) The in situ conservation should be conducted in nature reserves and scientific experiment stations of rare and endangered species,such as Abies chensiensis,Picea neoveitchii,Abies vuanbaoshanensis,to reduce human destruction.4) It is supposed to collect seeds in time,establish nursery,actively establish forest, expand artificial population and promote natural regeneration.     

环保杀虫装饰涂料

蚊子、苍蝇、螳螂、臭虫、蜘蛛、蚂蚁之类害虫,在家庭、工厂、办公室、医院、学校、酒店等地,随处可见,无处不入.这些昆虫不但给人们的生活带来很多烦恼,更重要的是,他们导致疾病传播,从而严重危害人们的身体健康.所以,根除害虫,改变居住环境,早已成为人们关注的问题.     

减肥即食营养大米

肥胖是一种常见的慢性疾病,它是由于生理化机能的改变而引起的体内脂肪沉积量过多,造成体重增加,导致机体发生一系列病理、生理变化的病症.肥胖症是一种全身性代谢疾病,除引起身体外形的改变外,过多的脂肪可带来物理性的负荷,还是各种疾病的"培养箱".肥胖人群平均寿命明显低于正常体重的人群,同时肥胖症还是心血管疾病、糖尿病、脂肪肝、肿瘤的温床,它是一种营养代谢性疾病.减肥首先必须从能量的摄入入手,减少热能的吸收.     

聚氯乙烯合金生产技术

当前现代化的航天、航空、汽车、机械、电子、民用建筑、化工等行业迫切要求具备很高的力学性能及耐热、耐磨、耐化学性能的材料.因此高分子材料发展的一个重要方向就是通过对现有聚合物进行物理和化学改性,使其进一步高性能化、结构化、工程化.北京化工大学研制的聚氯乙烯合金是通过挤出机的力学、化学作用及接枝、复合技术使聚氯乙烯塑料工程化,成为物理性能可与ABS相比拟的新材料.聚氯乙烯合金具有高流动性、高韧性,完全可以代替ABS注塑计算机、电视机、冰箱、照相机、仪表等外壳.聚氯乙烯合金还具有良好的耐寒性,可制作各种规格的异型材,包括门窗、上水管道等.产品市场前景好,具有很强的竞争力,有很好的经济效益和社会效益.     

Multi-Objective Genetic Based Pore Combination Recognition

This paper proposes an automatic method of pore combination recognition,which is an important feature to hardwood recognition.After extracting edge from wood microscopic cross-section, based on area histogram of the similar circle regions,the method classifies all regions into two classes with maximum between-class variance,so as to distinguish the pore from other textures,which are similar in shapes but different in sizes.Meanwhile, second objective function about average area of closed regions is used to improve the pore segmentation performance.At last,the method uses adjacency degree of pore set to judge pore combination.The experiments demonstrate that the task of pore segmentation can be completed successfully for all kinds of pore distribution and combination,and also the correct combinations of pores are given.     

Discussion on Spatial Optimization Modeling of Water Resource Conservation Forests and Management Practice of Forest Functions

According to the unification principle of system structure and system function of the Water Resource Conservation Forests,seven factors were selected from stand spatial structure,trees structure and healthy of woods,the multifunction management optimization model target was confirmed by using nonlinearity multi-objective programming approach, and the target function-stand spatial structure homogeneity index was defined to establish spatial optimization models with restraining conditions set up in diversity of stand structure and spatial structure.The spatial structure of available typical stand in the wet land area in southern Donting Lake was optimized by means of selective cutting and reinforcement planting.The results showed that the spatial structure was improved obviously and trees diversity and stand health were not weakened.It’s suggested that the established optimization model can effectively guide multifunction management,stand structure optimization and the steadiness of ecological ecosystem and it is convenient and operable in practice,and it’s very important to protect and recover ecosystem of Water Resource Conservation Forests.     

节节红板栗生物学、生态学特性及其经济性状

节节红板栗是安徽省最近选育出的板栗新品种,对其生物学特性、生态学特性及其主要经济性状3个方面初步研究的结果表明,该品种早实丰产,坚果粒大,外形美,雌花量多,适应性、抗逆性强;大砧(4年生)嫁接幼树(2～3a)重截后,表现出2次抽梢,可持续开花结果,丛果性强,且能正常成熟,未发现空蓬．无生理落果,耐贮藏,具有区别于其它板栗品种的独特特征和优势。     

不同女贞光合和荧光特性比较

以女贞、‘日本金叶女贞’和‘日本银边女贞’为研究对象,对其光合速率和叶绿素快相荧光动力学参数差异及其原因进行了分析.结果表明:三者均表现为阳性植物特征,但金叶和银边女贞的净光合速率(Pn)、表观量子效率和光饱和点皆显著低子女贞,光补偿点皆显著高于女贞,表明金叶和银边女贞的光能利用率显著低于女贞.3(品)种女贞的叶绿素快相荧光动力学曲线均为典型的OJIP曲线,但其荧光动力学参数存在显著差异.金叶女贞的PSⅡ受体侧质体醌库(Sm)容量最小(为女贞和银边女贞的60％～70％),利用光能的效率低;银边女贞PSⅡ反应中心数目(NRC/CSm)最少(为女贞和金叶女贞的40％ ～60％),捕获光能总能力低,最终表现为金叶和银边女贞的光合性能指数(Ics、IABS)均低于女贞.     

生态型旅游目的地客源市场特征研究

通过对10多个国家森林公园和自然保护区实地调查的基础上总结出了我国生态型旅游目的地客源市场的人口特征、心理学特征及行为学特征等基本特征,为我国生态旅游的发展提供理论依据。     

云南红豆杉的生物学与生态学特性

依据云南红豆杉的前期研究成果,从形态特征、物候学特性、种子特征、生长特性等方面论述了云南红豆杉的生物学特性,还从地理及垂直分布状况,适生环境条件,主要生态型等个体生态学特性方面阐明了云南红豆杉的生态学特性,为云南红豆杉研究工作的深入开展和其有效发展、利用提供理论基础。     

四种观赏竹形态特征与生理特性研究

对4种观赏竹形态和生理特性(叶绿素含量、硝酸还原酶的活力、β-胡萝卜素含量、游离氨基酸含量等)进行了测定．结果表明:这4种观赏竹具有较好的园林绿化价值,叶片中各物质含量随季节更替而发生有规律的变化,但种类不同,到达高峰期时间与年变化辐度存在一定的差异。     

龙竹的生物学和生态学特性

经对云南省龙竹生产区的定点、定期观测研究，基本摸清了龙竹的生物学和生态学特性。本文从龙竹的地理分布及生态学特性；根系生长特性；地下茎生长；竹笋出土生长；幼竹的枝叶生长；成竹生长；开花结实习性等方面系统地论述了龙竹的生物学和生态学特性。     

野生土坛树资源的利用研究

文章阐述了野生土坛树的生物学、生态学及利用特性,并对其果实的主要营养成分、在药用和观赏及生态防护方面的价值进行了重点说明,最后结合资源调查结果,对野生土坛树的开发利用提出了相应建议。     

5种四倍体泡桐生长特性的研究

以2年生5种四倍体泡桐为材料，研究其光合作用、材积生长量、接干长度、比叶重（ SLW）等指标间的差异。结果表明，5种四倍体泡桐叶片的净光合速率（ Pn）、气孔导度（ Gs）、蒸腾速率（ Tr）、胞间CO2浓度（ Ci）光合因子的日变化规律相同。9月份叶片的Pn、 Gs、 Tr、 Ci日变化为单峰曲线，四倍体豫杂一号泡桐（ TF4）的最大净光合速率高于其余4个种。此外，四倍体毛泡桐（ T4）的树高生长量和接干高增长量、 TF4的胸径生长量和比叶重增长量、四倍体南方泡桐（ A4）的材积增长量最大。5种四倍体泡桐的树高、胸径、接干、材积的相关性表明，材积与胸径呈正相关关系，相关性显著；树高与比叶重呈正相关关系，但相关性不显著。     

7个美国扁桃品种在河南南阳的引种表现

为了初步筛选出适合河南南阳地区的扁桃品种,为美国扁桃在我国大陆性气候条件下温带地区的引种与发展提供参考,对从美国引进的7个优良扁桃品种All-in-one genetic semi-dwarlf,Nonpareil,Gardenprince,Mission,Neplus,Black butte和Prince在河南南阳地区的表现,从植物学特性、生长特性、结果特性、果实性状等方面,进行观察、对比及分析,并针对其在河南南阳地区的表现,提出在多雨地区发展美国扁桃应注意的事项。     

桉树人工林生长与光合特性的季节变化

对广东省河源地区桉树人工林生长与光合特性的季节变化进行研究,结果表明:(1)桉树人工林不同月份之间的胸径和树高差异显著(P＜0.05),其中树高2010年10月比2010年7月增长243.30％,2011年4月比2010年10月仅增长26.73％;(2)光合参数也存在着明显的季节变化,净光合速率、水分利用效率和气孔导度...