Enzyme defect associated with a sex-linked human neurological disorder and excessive purine synthesis

A sex-linked familial neurological disease consisting of cerebral palsy, mental retardation, choreoathetosis, and compulsive aggressive behavior is associated with a loss of an enzyme that participates in purine metabolism, namely, hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase. The production of excessive uric acid in this disorder implies that the enzyme is involved in the normal regulation of purine biosynthesis. This is the first example of a relation between a specific enzyme defect and abnormal compulsive behavior. It is also the first enzyme defect in purine metabolism demonstrated in a neurological disease.     

Narcotic tolerance and dependence: lack of relationship with serotonin turnover in the brain

Serotonin turnover was measured in mouse brain by means of the conversion of radioactivity from labeled tryptophan into serotonin. Animals with a high degree of tolerance to and physical dependence on morphine did not differ from control mice.     

Lake-atmosphere feedbacks associated with paleolakes bonneville and lahontan

A high-resolution, regional climate model nested within a general circulation model was used to study the interactions between the atmosphere and the large Pleistocene lakes in the Great Basin of the United States. Simulations for January and July 18,000 years ago indicate that moisture provided by synoptic-scale atmospheric circulation features was the primary component of the hydrologic budgets of Lakes Lahontan and Bonneville. In addition, lake-generated precipitation was a substantial component of the hydrologic budget of Lake Bonneville at that time. This local lake-atmosphere interaction may help explain differences in the relative sizes of these lakes 18,000 years ago.     

Cultural activity associated with prehistoric mammoth butchering and processing

Stacked mammoth bones at the Colby site in northern Wyoming reflect human cultural activity that is believed to have been peripheral to the butchering and processing of the animals. A projectile point found beneath the first bones placed in the pile leaves no doubt of human involvement in the stacking of the bones, but the significance of this kind of cultural activity is open to several interpretations.     

维持性血液透析患者死亡原因及相关影响因素分析

目的 了解维持性血液透析患者的死亡原因及相关影响因素.方法 选取2012年10月-2015年6月在我院透析中心维持性血液透析的死亡患者59例(死亡组),同时选取同期维持性血液透析存活患者59例作对照(对照组).比较两组血尿素氮、血肌酐、血红蛋白、血浆白蛋白、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、超敏C-反应蛋白、血钙、血磷、甲状旁腺素等指标,分析患者的死亡原因及死亡相关危险因素.结果 59例死亡患者中死于心血管疾病32例(54.24％),脑血管疾病12例(20.34％),全身衰竭10例(16.95％),感染3例(5.08％),消化道出血2例(3.39％).死亡组患者的血浆白蛋白、血红蛋白水平明显低于对照组,超敏C-反应蛋白水平则高于对照组(均P＜0.01).Logistic回归分析显示,低血浆白蛋白、贫血及高磷血症是死亡的独立危险因素(P＜0.05).结论 在维持性血液透析患者中,常见死亡原因包括心血管疾病、脑血管疾病及全身衰竭等,其中心血管疾病是透析患者的主要死亡原因.贫血、低蛋白血症及高磷血症是死亡的独立危险因素.     

2株昆虫病原线虫共生菌的分离与初步分类鉴定

从陕西杨凌采集的昆虫病原线虫S teinernem a sp.YL 001和S teinernem a sp.YL 002肠道内分别分离到1株具有较高杀虫和抑菌活性的共生菌菌株YL 001和YL 002,并对其从形态特征、培养特性及生理生化特征等方面进行了鉴定。结果表明,YL 001和YL 002菌株分别为嗜线虫致病杆菌(X enorhabdus nem a toph ila)和伯氏致病杆菌(X enorhabdus bov ien ii)。     

Membranous structures associated with translation and transcription of poliovirus RNA

Poliovirus RNA and proteins are synthesized in association with distinct membranous structures that were separated by means of Isopycnic centrifugation of cytoplasmic extracts in discontinuous sucrose-density gradients. Viral RNA is replicated in a structure that contains rapidly labeled replicative intermediate RNA and viral RNA polymerase associated with the smooth membrane fraction. In sucrose gradients this viral RNA replication complex is distributed at densities in the range of 1.12 to 1.18 grams per cubic centimeter. Viral proteins are synthesized on polyribosomes bound to membranes and sediment with polyribosomes at densities of less than 1.25 grams per cubic centimeter.     

Hemagglutination assay for antigen and antibody associated with viral hepatitis

Hemagglutination assays are described for measuring hepatitis-associated Australia antigen and antibody. Red cells coated with isolated antigen, with chromic chloride as a coupling agent, are used for detection of antibodies. Detection of the antigen in serums depends on inhibition of hemagglutination. The test has the sensitivity and rapidity of the best tests available, is simpler to perform, and lends itself to large-scale screening of blood donors.     

猪肉pHI和pHU相关SNP-QTL检测

以1个丹麦家猪家系为试验材料,对猪全基因组单核苷酸多态性(SNP)标记筛选与猪肉pHI和pHU值有关的QTL.结果发现在6号染色体上存在一个显著影响pHI和pHU值的QTL,与pHI显著相关的QTL的效应为2.6%~8.5%,其中单倍型FLJ30670的贡献率最高,为8.5%,与pHU显著相关的QTL中效应为2.1%~4.3%,都低于pHI有关的效应,其中效应最大的单倍型为FUT1,贡献率为4.3%,估计是猪肉24h酸度变化受外界其他因素的影响更多.     

Extensive volcanism associated with the separation of australia and antarctica

Alternating hard and soft layers characterize the Gull Rock and Tuit Members of the late Eocene Blanche Point Formation, South Australia. Originally the formation was mainly a mixture of volcanic ash, sponge spicules, and calcareous fossil remains, with hard layers produced later by selective silicification. It resembles Cretaceous sediments from western Europe and the eastern coast of the United States, and in each case it appears that alteration of volcanic ash produced smectite and clinoptilolite with release of silica that subsequently crystallized as opal-CT. The occurrence of similar deposits from New Zealand to as far west as Albany, Western Australia, indicates extensive volcanic activity south of Australia in the late Eocene resulting from rifting and separation from Antarctica.     

喜树碱生物合成途径及其相关酶研究现状及展望

喜树碱是从喜树Camptotheca acuminata中发现的单萜类吲哚生物碱,已经成为继紫杉醇之后广泛使用的植物性抗癌药,具有非常广阔的市场前景。研究喜树碱的生物合成途径,对于了解喜树碱的合成机制,提高次生代谢工程喜树碱的产量,解决目前资源紧缺造成的供求矛盾等问题均具有重要的意义。在查阅、综合文献的基础上,将喜树碱生物合成途径以异胡豆苷为分界线,分为上游途径和下游途径;并对各种中间产物合成、关键酶和关键基因等作了详细的阐述。在此基础上,提出了调控喜树碱合成的可能方法,并提出了喜树碱合成研究未来的研究重点。图3表1参29     

A common genetic variant is associated with adult and childhood obesity

Obesity is a heritable trait and a risk factor for many common diseases such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension. We used a dense whole-genome scan of DNA samples from the Framingham Heart Study participants to identify a common genetic variant near the INSIG2 gene associated with obesity. We have replicated the finding in four separate samples composed of individuals of Western European ancestry, African Americans, and children. The obesity-predisposing genotype is present in 10% of individuals. Our study suggests that common genetic polymorphisms are important determinants of obesity.     

广东截叶胡枝子根瘤菌株系的发现及其16S rDNA分析

从截叶胡枝子的根瘤中分离出30个分离物,经纯化、镜检后得到26株待测菌株.将其16S rDNA部分序列测序后用DNAMAN和MAGE 5.0软件进行分析,并与参比菌株相比较.结果表明,去除重复后共获得18株根瘤菌菌株,且可将其分为两大类,分别属于慢生根瘤菌属(Bradyrhizobium)和中华根瘤菌属(Sinorhizobium ).     

Seismic activity and faulting associated with a large underground nuclear explosion

The 1.1-megaton nuclear test Benham caused movement on previously mapped faults and was followed by a sequence of small earthquakes. These effects were confined to a zone extending not more than 13 kilometers from ground zero; they are apparently related to the release of natural tectonic strain.     

Viruses associated with epidemic hemorrhagic fevers of the Philippines and Thailand

Epidemiologic, clinical, and etiologic studies were carried out on a newly recognized, frequently fatal, pediatric disease syndrome which occurred in urban areas infested with Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Four types of dengue virus (two of which are new), chikungunya virus, and another virus yet to be identified were isolated from the blood of patients. Dengue viruses, types 2 and 3, were isolated from the mosquitoes. Ample serologic confirmation was obtained of concurrent hemorrhagic fever and infection with one or more of these viruses. Thus, it was discovered that viruses of previously recognized types and of closely related new types apparently have etiologic roles in a new and highly dangerous epidemic disease syndrome.     

Ozone and temperature trends associated with the 11-year solar cycle

Evidence is presented which suggests that trends in the ozone concentration and stratospheric temperature, reported between the early 1960's and 1976, are to a large extent due to solar ultraviolet flux variability associated with the 11-year solar cycle. Radiative-convective-photochemical simulations of ozone and temperature variations have been made with a solar ultraviolet flux variability model. Results for temperatures and ozone concentrations, when compared with published data, show good agreement.     

Sex ratios of newborns: associated with prepartum and postpartum schizophrenia

From a review of the records of schizophrenic women whose psychotic symptoms were associated with pregnancy, it was found that those who had developed a psychosis within 1 month of conception delivered only live female infants. A predominance of males was born to 13 women who became psychotic during the first month after delivery. These observations are interpreted as consistent with a theory that schizophrenia is associated with plasma factors which interact with the fetus and provide the basis for a higher fetal mortality.     

半滑舌鳎腹水症病原的分离鉴定

从患病半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)内脏及腹水中分离到优势菌株8301,回归感染试验证实菌株8301对半滑舌鳎具有致病性;采用形态学观察、生化特性分析、16S rDNA基因序列分析等方法对所分离菌株进行鉴定。结果表明,菌株8301为革兰氏阳性球菌,生化特性与海豚链球菌(Streptococcus iniae)较为接近,以16S rDNA基因为遗传标记构建系统发育树将菌株8301与海豚链球菌聚为一支,置信度为96%。结果判定引起此次半滑舌鳎腹水病的病原菌为海豚链球菌。对24种抗菌药物敏感性分析试验证实菌株8301对制霉菌素、利福平、青霉素、阿奇霉素等敏感,对罗红霉素、呋喃唑酮等具有抗性。     

两种载体生物膜中异养细菌数量动态及其氨化作用

用微生物学方法测定了淹没式生物滤器中两种载体生物膜形成过程中异养细菌数量动态及熟化后细菌的氨化作用。结果表明,载体生物膜形成过程中,异养细菌呈逐渐减少的趋势,生物滤器运行前期异养细菌数量高(107～108CFU/g),随着时间的推移逐渐减少(105～106CFU/g);沸石载体生物膜细菌的氨化速率前24h平均为17 45μg/(cm3·h)和26μg/(g·h),无纺布载体生物膜细菌的氨化速率前24h平均为17 41μg/(cm3·h)和59 9μg/(g·h)。     

玉兰黄化病病原的分子检测与鉴定

对表现叶片黄化的玉兰植株,利用植原体16S rRNA基因通用引物进行巢式PCR检测,得到1.4 kb的特异片段,将此片段克隆后进行序列测定、分析及构建系统关系树.结果表明,该片段与16SrI组中的各植原体同源率均达到99%以上,而与其他组的植原体16S rDNA序列的同源率均低于97%,认为该植原体株系为翠菊黄化植原体组中的成员之一.